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      • Faculty Publications  (186)

      Government Incentives Remove Government Incentives →

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      • March 2023
      • Teaching Note

      Hikma Pharmaceuticals Governance Journey

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and Jonah Goldberg
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 318108. The case opens with Said Darwazah, chairman and CEO of Hikma Pharmaceuticals, the multinational generics company, anticipating the company’s 2017 AGM and reflecting on changes made over the previous year to address concerns...  View Details
      Keywords: Jordan; Emerging Market; Private Sector; For-profit Firms; Boards Of Directors; Pharmaceuticals; Remuneration; Shareholder Engagement; Corporate Governance; Governing and Advisory Boards; Business and Shareholder Relations; Executive Compensation; Business Growth and Maturation; Pharmaceutical Industry; Jordan
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and Jonah Goldberg. "Hikma Pharmaceuticals Governance Journey." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 123-078, March 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Achieving Universal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: Addressing Market Failures or Providing a Social Floor?

      By: Katherine Baicker, Amitabh Chandra and Mark Shepard
      The United States spends substantially more on health care than most developed countries, yet leaves a greater share of the population uninsured. We suggest that incremental insurance expansions focused on addressing market failures will propagate inefficiencies and...  View Details
      Keywords: Public Sector; Insurance; Health Care and Treatment; Policy; Innovation and Invention
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      Baicker, Katherine, Amitabh Chandra, and Mark Shepard. "Achieving Universal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: Addressing Market Failures or Providing a Social Floor?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30854, January 2023.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Regulatory Incentives for Innovation: The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation

      By: Amitabh Chandra, Jennifer Kao, Kathleen Miller and Ariel D. Stern
      Regulators of new products confront a tradeoff between speeding a new product to market and collecting additional product quality information. The FDA’s Breakthrough Therapy Designation (BTD) provides an opportunity to understand if a regulator can use new policy to...  View Details
      Keywords: Research and Development; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Product Development
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      Chandra, Amitabh, Jennifer Kao, Kathleen Miller, and Ariel D. Stern. "Regulatory Incentives for Innovation: The FDA's Breakthrough Therapy Designation." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30712, December 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      The Regulation of Medical AI: Policy Approaches, Data, and Innovation Incentives

      By: Ariel Dora Stern
      For those who follow health and technology news, it is difficult to go more than a few days without reading about a compelling new application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to health care. AI has myriad applications in medicine and its adjacent industries, with...  View Details
      Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Health Care and Treatment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Technological Innovation; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
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      Stern, Ariel Dora. "The Regulation of Medical AI: Policy Approaches, Data, and Innovation Incentives." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30639, December 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      The Causes and Consequences of Ethnic Violence in Myanmar

      By: C. Austin Davis, Paula Lopez-Pena, A. Mushfiq Mobarak and Jaya Wen
      The Rohingya crisis is a severe, ongoing conflict involving large-scale violence and forced displacement, yet its causes are contested and its consequences lack systematic documentation. We marshal a variety of existing and original data to shed light on its drivers,...  View Details
      Keywords: War; Conflict and Resolution; Motivation and Incentives; Developing Countries and Economies; Myanmar
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      Davis, C. Austin, Paula Lopez-Pena, A. Mushfiq Mobarak, and Jaya Wen. "The Causes and Consequences of Ethnic Violence in Myanmar." Working Paper, October 2022.
      • September 2022
      • Case

      HPP: Tapping the Netherlands’ Potential

      By: Brian Trelstad and Idelès Kaandorp
      Stichting Het Potentieel Pakken (HPP) was launched to solve a systemic problem in the Dutch Labor Market: gender inequity that was leading to a large number of women to work part-time in fields that were in desperately short supply of labor, like health care, child...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Grants; Scaling And Growth; Nonprofit Organizations; Opportunities; Gender; Income; Employment; Health Care and Treatment; Human Capital; Mission and Purpose; Motivation and Incentives; Growth and Development Strategy; Employment Industry; Health Industry; Education Industry; Consulting Industry; Europe; Netherlands
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      Trelstad, Brian, and Idelès Kaandorp. "HPP: Tapping the Netherlands’ Potential." Harvard Business School Case 323-024, September 2022.
      • May 2022
      • Article

      Complex Disclosure

      By: Ginger Zhe Jin, Michael Luca and Daniel Martin
      We present evidence that unnecessarily complex disclosure can result from strategic incentives to shroud information. In our lab experiment, senders are required to report their private information truthfully, but can choose how complex to make their reports. We find...  View Details
      Keywords: Disclosure; Experiments; Naiveté; Overconfidence; Corporate Disclosure; Policy; Information; Complexity; Strategy; Consumer Behavior
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      Jin, Ginger Zhe, Michael Luca, and Daniel Martin. "Complex Disclosure." Management Science 68, no. 5 (May 2022): 3236–3261.
      • April 2022 (Revised August 2022)
      • Case

      Conflicts of Interest at Uptown Bank

      By: Jonas Heese
      In 2013, two employees debated whether to blow the whistle on their employer, Bell Bank, after completing an internal review that revealed undisclosed conflicts of interest. Bell Bank’s Asset Management business disproportionately invested clients’ money in Bell Bank’s...  View Details
      Keywords: Whistleblower; Whistleblowing; Mutual Funds; Conflicts Of Interest; Decision Making; Decisions; Judgments; Ethics; Moral Sensibility; Values and Beliefs; Finance; Financial Institutions; Banks and Banking; Financial Management; Investment; Investment Funds; Governance; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Disclosure; Corporate Governance; Governance Compliance; Governance Controls; Policy; Law; Legal Liability; Social Psychology; Motivation and Incentives; Perception; Perspective; Trust; Financial Services Industry; North and Central America; United States
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      Heese, Jonas. "Conflicts of Interest at Uptown Bank." Harvard Business School Case 122-022, April 2022. (Revised August 2022.)
      • Article

      We Need Better Carbon Accounting. Here's How to Get There.

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
      Any effective system of greenhouse gas (GHG) accounting needs to measure each company’s supply-chain carbon impacts accurately. Such information would provide visibility and incentives for the company to make more climate-friendly product-specification and purchasing...  View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Greenhouse Gas Emissions; GHG; Carbon Accounting; Environmental Accounting; Environmental Management; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Supply Chain
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and Karthik Ramanna. "We Need Better Carbon Accounting. Here's How to Get There." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (April 12, 2022).
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      The Political Economy of Anti-Bribery Enforcement

      By: Lauren Cohen and Bo Li
      This paper documents novel evidence on the influence of political incentives in the regulatory enforcement of foreign bribery. Using exogenous variation in the timing and geographic location of U.S. Congressional elections, we find that the probability of a Foreign...  View Details
      Keywords: Bribery; Regulatory Enforcement; Crime and Corruption; Governance Controls; Political Elections
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      Cohen, Lauren, and Bo Li. "The Political Economy of Anti-Bribery Enforcement." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29624, December 2021.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Governance Transparency and Firm Value: Evidence from Korean Chaebols

      By: Akash Chattopadhyay, Sa-Pyung Sean Shin and Charles C.Y. Wang
      We examine Korean business groups' transition from circular-shareholding structures to (relatively simple) pyramidal-shareholding structures between 2011 and 2018. When firms were removed from ownership loops, chaebol families' control or incentive conflicts in them...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Groups; Cross Shareholding; Circular Shareholding; Pyramidal Ownership; Governance Transparency; Ownership Transparency; Earnings Response Coefficient; Business Conglomerates; Corporate Governance; Valuation; Business Earnings
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      Chattopadhyay, Akash, Sa-Pyung Sean Shin, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Governance Transparency and Firm Value: Evidence from Korean Chaebols." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-012, September 2021. (Revised November 2021.)
      • Summer 2021
      • Article

      Predictable Country-level Bias in the Reporting of COVID-19 Deaths

      By: Botir Kobilov, Ethan Rouen and George Serafeim
      We examine whether a country’s management of the COVID-19 pandemic relate to the downward biasing of the number of reported deaths from COVID-19. Using deviations from historical averages of the total number of monthly deaths within a country, we find that the...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Deaths; Reporting; Incentives; Government Policy; Health Pandemics; Health Care and Treatment; Country; Crisis Management; Outcome or Result; Reports; Policy
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      Kobilov, Botir, Ethan Rouen, and George Serafeim. "Predictable Country-level Bias in the Reporting of COVID-19 Deaths." Journal of Government and Economics 2 (Summer 2021).
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Dirty Money: How Banks Influence Financial Crime

      By: Joseph Pacelli, Janet Gao, Jan Schneemeier and Yufeng Wu
      On September 21st, 2020, a consortium of international journalists leaked nearly 2,500 suspicious activity reports (SAR) obtained from the U.S. Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, exposing nearly $2 trillion of money laundering activity. The event raises important...  View Details
      Keywords: Financial Institutions; Crime and Corruption; Policy
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      Pacelli, Joseph, Janet Gao, Jan Schneemeier, and Yufeng Wu. "Dirty Money: How Banks Influence Financial Crime." Working Paper, July 2021.
      • Article

      Cash-for-Information Whistleblower Programs: Effects on Whistleblowing and Consequences for Whistleblowers

      By: Aiyesha Dey, Jonas Heese and Gerardo Pérez Cavazos
      Cash-for-information whistleblower programs have gained momentum as a regulatory tool to enforce corporate misconduct. Yet, little is known about how financial incentives affect whistleblowers’ decisions to report potential misconduct to authorities. Similarly, there...  View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Misconduct; Whistleblowers; Financial Incentives; Ethics; Governance Compliance; Lawsuits and Litigation
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      Dey, Aiyesha, Jonas Heese, and Gerardo Pérez Cavazos. "Cash-for-Information Whistleblower Programs: Effects on Whistleblowing and Consequences for Whistleblowers." Harvard Law School Forum on Corporate Governance (June 10, 2021).
      • June 2021 (Revised November 2021)
      • Case

      Asian Corporate Governance Association: Stemming a 'Race to the Bottom' by Stock Exchanges?

      By: Charles C.Y. Wang and Billy Chan
      This case describes the movement towards dual-class listings on Asian stock exchanges and the efforts of the Asian Corporate Governance Association (ACGA), a not-for-profit shareholder advocacy group, to discourage this trend. As a not-for-profit organization with no...  View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Governance; Governance Controls; Nonprofit Organizations; Stocks; Financial Markets; Financial Services Industry; Hong Kong; China; Asia
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      Wang, Charles C.Y., and Billy Chan. "Asian Corporate Governance Association: Stemming a 'Race to the Bottom' by Stock Exchanges?" Harvard Business School Case 121-073, June 2021. (Revised November 2021.)
      • 2021
      • Article

      To Thine Own Self Be True? Incentive Problems in Personalized Law

      By: Jordan M. Barry, John William Hatfield and Scott Duke Kominers
      Recent years have seen an explosion of scholarship on “personalized law.” Commentators foresee a world in which regulators armed with big data and machine learning techniques determine the optimal legal rule for every regulated party, then instantaneously disseminate...  View Details
      Keywords: Personalized Law; Regulation; Regulatory Avoidance; Regulatory Arbitrage; Law And Economics; Law And Technology; Law And Artificial Intelligence; Futurism; Moral Hazard; Elicitation; Signaling; Privacy; Law; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Information Technology; AI and Machine Learning
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      Barry, Jordan M., John William Hatfield, and Scott Duke Kominers. "To Thine Own Self Be True? Incentive Problems in Personalized Law." Art. 2. William & Mary Law Review 62, no. 3 (2021).
      • May 2021
      • Article

      Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability

      By: Amrita Ahuja, Susan Athey, Arthur Baker, Eric Budish, Juan Camilo Castillo, Rachel Glennerster, Scott Duke Kominers, Michael Kremer, Jean Lee, Canice Prendergast, Christopher M. Snyder, Alex Tabarrok, Brandon Joel Tan and Witold Wiecek
      Vaccinating the world’s population quickly in a pandemic has enormous health and economic benefits. We analyze the problem faced by governments in determining the scale and structure of procurement for vaccines. We analyze alternative approaches to procurement, arguing...  View Details
      Keywords: Vaccines; Procurement; Health Pandemics; Health Care and Treatment; Acquisition; Cooperation
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      Ahuja, Amrita, Susan Athey, Arthur Baker, Eric Budish, Juan Camilo Castillo, Rachel Glennerster, Scott Duke Kominers, Michael Kremer, Jean Lee, Canice Prendergast, Christopher M. Snyder, Alex Tabarrok, Brandon Joel Tan, and Witold Wiecek. "Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability." AEA Papers and Proceedings 111 (May 2021): 331–335.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Which Markets (Don't) Drive Pharmaceutical Innovation? Evidence From U.S. Medicaid Expansions

      By: Craig Garthwaite, Rebecca Sachs and Ariel Dora Stern
      Pharmaceutical innovation policy involves managing a tradeoff between high prices for new products in the short-term and stronger incentives to develop products for the future. Prior research has documented a causal relationship between market size and pharmaceutical...  View Details
      Keywords: Pharmaceuticals; Medicaid; Innovation and Invention; Policy; Markets; Research and Development; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Garthwaite, Craig, Rebecca Sachs, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Which Markets (Don't) Drive Pharmaceutical Innovation? Evidence From U.S. Medicaid Expansions." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28755, May 2021.
      • April–May 2021
      • Article

      Labor Mobility and Antitakeover Provisions

      By: Aiyesha Dey and Joshua White
      How do firms protect their human capital? We test whether firms facing an increased threat of being acquired strengthen their antitakeover provisions (ATPs) in order to bond with their employees. We use the adoption of the Inevitable Disclosure Doctrine (IDD) by U.S....  View Details
      Keywords: Labor Mobility; Antitakeover Provisions; Trade Secrets; Implicit Contracting; Employee Bonding; Corporate Governance; Acquisition; Human Capital; Strategy; Innovation and Invention; Intellectual Property; Safety
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      Dey, Aiyesha, and Joshua White. "Labor Mobility and Antitakeover Provisions." Art. 101388. Journal of Accounting & Economics 71, nos. 2-3 (April–May 2021).
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Deregulation, Market Power, and Prices: Evidence from the Electricity Sector

      By: Alexander MacKay and Ignacia Mercadal
      When deciding whether to introduce market competition in a regulated industry, a regulator faces an important tradeoff. Market-based prices can provide incentives to allocate resources more efficiently and reduce costs, but the presence of market power may lead to...  View Details
      Keywords: Deregulation; Market Power; Markups; Prices; Electricity; Energy; Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Price; Utilities Industry
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      MacKay, Alexander, and Ignacia Mercadal. "Deregulation, Market Power, and Prices: Evidence from the Electricity Sector." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-095, February 2021. (Revised December 2022. Direct download.)
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