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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (2,529)
      • Faculty Publications  (134)

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      How Immigrants Changed the Geography of Innovation
      The Geography of Investment: Informed Trading and Asset Prices
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      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Accounting for Product Impact in the Telecommunications Industry

      By: George Serafeim and Katie Trinh
      We apply the product impact measurement framework of the Impact-Weighted Accounts Initiative (IWAI) in two competitor companies within the telecommunications industry. We design a monetization methodology that allows us to calculate monetary impact estimates of network...  View Details
      Keywords: Product Innovation; Impact; Impact Investing; Impact Measurement; Esg; Esg (environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Esg Ratings; Social Corporate Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility; Social Impact; Telecommunications; Product Design; Product Positioning; Society; Product; Environmental Sustainability; Measurement and Metrics; Framework; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Telecommunications Industry
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      Serafeim, George, and Katie Trinh. "Accounting for Product Impact in the Telecommunications Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-105, March 2021.
      • February 2021
      • Teaching Plan

      Soofa: Displaying the Right Path?

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Amy Klopfenstein
      This teaching plan serves as a supplement to the case “Soofa: Displaying the Right Path?” HBS 820-098. The case explores the tension between two different financing and expansion plans for a startup, and explores issues related to business model pivots and industry...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Business Model; Business Plan; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Decision Making; Decisions; Judgments; Ethics; Geography; Geopolitical Units; Finance; Investment; Markets; Market Entry and Exit; Demand and Consumers; Media; Society; Urban Development; Sustainable Cities; Technology; Hardware; Technology Platform; Strategy; Business Strategy; Expansion; Relationships; Capital; Venture Capital; Advertising Industry; Technology Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; North and Central America; United States; Massachusetts; Cambridge
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., and Amy Klopfenstein. "Soofa: Displaying the Right Path?" Harvard Business School Teaching Plan 821-055, February 2021.
      • Article

      Variety of Innovation in Global Value Chains

      By: Giulio Buciuni and Gary P. Pisano
      This article analyzes how the geography and organization of pre- and production stages in Global Value Chains (GVC) contribute to lead firms' innovation development. A novel approach in GVC studies is introduced based on transaction cost economics (TCE) and the...  View Details
      Keywords: Gvc; Global Value Chains; Manufacturing; Production; Global Range; Innovation and Invention
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      Buciuni, Giulio, and Gary P. Pisano. "Variety of Innovation in Global Value Chains." Art. 101167. Journal of World Business 56, no. 2 (February 2021).
      • January 2021 (Revised February 2021)
      • Case

      TCS: From Physical Offices to Borderless Work

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury and Malini Sen
      Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), a multinational IT services company headquartered in Mumbai, is a subsidiary of one of India’s most reputed conglomerates, the Tata Group. In 2020, TCS was valued at $144.7 billion, the highest for any company in the IT sector,...  View Details
      Keywords: Remote Work; Organizational Structure; Change Management; Transformation; Decision Choices and Conditions; Customer Satisfaction; Information Technology Industry; India; Asia; United States; Europe
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, and Malini Sen. "TCS: From Physical Offices to Borderless Work." Harvard Business School Case 621-081, January 2021. (Revised February 2021.)
      • January 2021 (Revised March 2021)
      • Case

      Jumia's Path to Profitability

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Pippa Tubman Armerding and Gamze Yucaoglu
      The case opens in September 2019 as Sacha Poignonnec and Jeremy Hodara, co-founders and co-CEOs of Jumia, the leading Pan-African e-commerce platform, are contemplating the company’s path to profitability in the aftermath of a fragile investor sentiment, as the company...  View Details
      Keywords: Retail; Business Models; Business Model; Business Startups; Emerging Markets; For-Profit Firms; Strategy; Technology Platform; Information Technology; Technology Adoption; Value Creation; Globalization; Entrepreneurship; Competition; Expansion; Logistics; Profit; Resource Allocation; Diversification; Corporate Strategy; Retail Industry; Technology Industry; Africa
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Pippa Tubman Armerding, and Gamze Yucaoglu. "Jumia's Path to Profitability." Harvard Business School Case 721-355, January 2021. (Revised March 2021.)
      • December 2020
      • Case

      Urban Company

      By: Krishna G. Palepu
      Urban Company is an India-based market platform that helps customers book home services and at home beauty services. The company differentiated itself by investing heavily in building customer trust. Rather than merely positioning itself as a lead generating...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Market Platforms; Emerging Markets; Strategy; Service Delivery; Trust; Technology Industry; Service Industry; India
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      Palepu, Krishna G. "Urban Company." Harvard Business School Case 121-041, December 2020.
      • December 2020
      • Article

      Taking Innovation to the Streets: Micro-geography, Physical Structure and Innovation

      By: Maria P. Roche
      In this paper, we analyze how the physical layout of cities affects innovation by influencing the organization of knowledge exchange. We exploit a novel data set covering all Census Block Groups in the contiguous United States with information on innovation outcomes,...  View Details
      Keywords: Microgeography; Innovation; Street Infrastructure; Knowledge Exchange; Interactions; Geography; City; Innovation and Invention; Knowledge Sharing
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      Roche, Maria P. "Taking Innovation to the Streets: Micro-geography, Physical Structure and Innovation." Review of Economics and Statistics 102, no. 5 (December 2020): 912–928.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The Geography of New Technologies

      By: Nicholas Bloom, Tarek Alexander Hassan, Aakash Kalyani, Josh Lerner and Ahmed Tahoun
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      Bloom, Nicholas, Tarek Alexander Hassan, Aakash Kalyani, Josh Lerner, and Ahmed Tahoun. "The Geography of New Technologies." Working Paper, 2020.
      • November 2020 (Revised November 2020)
      • Case

      Roll-Ups and Surprise Billing: Collisions at the Intersection of Private Equity and Patient Care

      By: Trevor Fetter and Kira Seiger
      This case describes the increasing investment by private equity (PE) firms in patient care and other healthcare services. The case focuses on investments in physician staffing firms and roll-up strategy investments in physician practice management (PPM). Included in...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Acquisition; Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Model; Change; Disruption; Fluctuation; Trends; Customers; Customer Value and Value Chain; Ethics; Fairness; Finance; Equity; Insurance; Private Equity; Geography; Geographic Scope; Health; Health Care and Treatment; Markets; Demand and Consumers; Supply and Industry; Industry Structures; Ownership; Ownership Type; Private Ownership; Relationships; Agency Theory; Business and Community Relations; Business and Shareholder Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Networks; Strategy; Competition; Consolidation; Expansion; Integration; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Value; Value Creation; Health Industry; Insurance Industry; United States
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      Fetter, Trevor, and Kira Seiger. "Roll-Ups and Surprise Billing: Collisions at the Intersection of Private Equity and Patient Care." Harvard Business School Case 321-049, November 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
      • October 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Case

      AfricInvest: A Pan-African Investment Platform

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Youssef Abdel Aal
      The case is set in December 2018, when Ziad Oueslati, co-managing director and co-founder of AfricInvest, a leading pan-African private equity firm headquartered in Tunisia, was reflecting on the future direction of his firm. AfricInvest started as a traditional small...  View Details
      Keywords: Finance; Private Equity; Venture Capital; Strategy; Governance; Financial Services Industry; Tunisia; Africa; Middle East
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Youssef Abdel Aal. "AfricInvest: A Pan-African Investment Platform." Harvard Business School Case 221-037, October 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Accounting for Organizational Employment Impact

      By: David Freiberg, Katie Panella, George Serafeim and T. Robert Zochowski
      Organizations create significant positive and negative impacts through their employment practices. This paper builds on the substantial body of research regarding job quality and impact measurement to present a framework for monetized analysis of employment impact. We...  View Details
      Keywords: Impact-weighted Accounts; Iwai; Employment Impact; Employment; Jobs and Positions; Quality; Measurement and Metrics; Analysis; Framework
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      Freiberg, David, Katie Panella, George Serafeim, and T. Robert Zochowski. "Accounting for Organizational Employment Impact." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-050, October 2020. (Revised January 2021.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Where the Cloud Rests: The Economic Geography of Data Centers

      By: Shane Greenstein and Tommy Pan Fang
      This study provides an analysis of the entry strategies of third-party data centers in the United States, an industry with assets worth hundreds of billions of dollars. We examine the market in 2018 and 2019, and compare with the physical entry of private data centers...  View Details
      Keywords: Data Centers; Cloud Services; Information Technology; Market Entry and Exit; Strategy; Geographic Location
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      Greenstein, Shane, and Tommy Pan Fang. "Where the Cloud Rests: The Economic Geography of Data Centers." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-042, September 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Measuring the Cost of Corporate Water Usage

      By: DG Park, George Serafeim and T. Robert Zochowski
      We develop a methodology that calculates the impact that organizations have on the environment through their water consumption relating to water stress risk. Using the methodology, we derive estimates for four companies that show how assumptions on the geographic...  View Details
      Keywords: Water; Water Management; Environment; Sustainability; Environmental Impact; Impact-weighted Accounts; Iwai; Organizations; Environmental Sustainability; Valuation
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      Park, DG, George Serafeim, and T. Robert Zochowski. "Measuring the Cost of Corporate Water Usage." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-036, September 2020.
      • September 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Supplement

      Hitachi Rail Limited (B)

      By: David J. Collis, Akiko Kanno and Nobuo Sato
      Describes the strategy and organisation changes made by British executive, Alistair Domer, after he is made head of Hitachi Rail's global business. The company acquires an Italian company, continues to win contracts in the UK, but struggles to bring its greenfield...  View Details
      Keywords: Organization Structure; Leader Selection; Mergers & Acquisitions; Strategy; Global Strategy; Organizational Structure; Leadership; Integration; Values and Beliefs; Rail Industry; Japan
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      Collis, David J., Akiko Kanno, and Nobuo Sato. "Hitachi Rail Limited (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 721-365, September 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • September 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Uber: Competing Globally

      By: Alexander J. MacKay
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 720-404.  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Geography; Geographic Location; Geographic Scope; Global Strategy; Globalization; Multinational Firms and Management; Globalized Markets and Industries; Governance; Governance Controls; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Innovation and Invention; Disruptive Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Law; Management; Growth and Development; Growth Management; Markets; Demand and Consumers; Consumer Behavior; Network Effects; Emerging Markets; Market Design; Market Entry and Exit; Market Participation; Supply and Industry; Industry Structures; Planning; Strategic Planning; Relationships; Business and Community Relations; Business and Government Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Labor and Management Relations; Networks; Adaptation; Strategy; Business Strategy; Competition; Competitive Advantage; Competitive Strategy; Expansion; Technology; Mobile Technology; Technology Platform; Transportation Networks; Transportation; Transportation Industry; Technology Industry; Africa; Ghana; Asia; China; Shanghai; Shanghai Shi; India; New Delhi; Europe; United Kingdom; London; England; Latin America; North and Central America; United States; New York (city, NY); New York (state, US); South America; Colombia
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      MacKay, Alexander J. "Uber: Competing Globally." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 721-387, September 2020.
      • August 2020
      • Case

      Sangu Delle

      By: Leslie Perlow and Matthew Preble
      By 2020, Sangu Delle (MBA 2016) has already made significant progress towards his life-long goal of solving Africa’s myriad and diverse challenges. At 33 years old, he is the founder and chairman of the for-profit Golden Palm Investments Corporation, CEO of Africa...  View Details
      Keywords: Impact; Impact Investing; Mental Health; Social Capitalism; Entrepreneurship; Investment; Health Care and Treatment; Personal Development and Career; Health Industry; Africa
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      Perlow, Leslie, and Matthew Preble. "Sangu Delle." Harvard Business School Case 421-031, August 2020.
      • July 2020
      • Case

      Super 30: Educating the Elite Poor

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Tarun Khanna and Shreya Ramachandran
      In the summer of 2019 in New Delhi, S K Shahi and his daughter, Meenakshi, faced a difficult problem. India had 19 centers of their non-profit, the Center for Social Responsibility and Leadership. Also called the 'Super 30' program, this offered free training for...  View Details
      Keywords: Non-profit; Inclusive Growth; Education; Higher Education; Diversity; Nonprofit Organizations; Operations; Expansion; Geographic Location; Strategy; Decision Making; India
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Tarun Khanna, and Shreya Ramachandran. "Super 30: Educating the Elite Poor." Harvard Business School Case 621-004, July 2020.
      • June 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Global Brand Management of Anheuser Busch InBev's Budweiser

      By: Jill Avery
      Brian Perkins, chief architect of the $6 billion Budweiser brand, was excited about 2018, in which the company would launch Budweiser into several new markets in Africa and Latin America. He was feeling the pressure to finalize a global brand strategy that would define...  View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Global Brands; Brand Equity; Brand Storytelling; Brand Communication; Brand Positioning; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Global Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; Consumer Products Industry; United States; China; Africa; Latin America
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      Avery, Jill. "Global Brand Management of Anheuser Busch InBev's Budweiser." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-130, June 2020.
      • May 2020 (Revised September 2020)
      • Case

      Soofa: Displaying the Right Path?

      By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Amy Klopfenstein and Amram Migdal
      In November 2019, Sandra Richter, co-founder and CEO of Soofa, a network of advertising-supported digital bulletin boards, must decide between two different fundraising and expansion plans for her company. One plan entails raising $15 million in a Series A round and...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Business Model; Business Plan; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Decision Making; Decisions; Ethics; Geography; Geopolitical Units; Finance; Investment; Markets; Market Entry and Exit; Demand and Consumers; Network Effects; Media; Society; Urban Development; Sustainable Cities; Technology; Hardware; Technology Platform; Strategy; Business Strategy; Expansion; Relationships; Partners and Partnerships; Capital; Venture Capital; Advertising Industry; Technology Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; North and Central America; United States; Massachusetts; Cambridge
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      Bussgang, Jeffrey J., Amy Klopfenstein, and Amram Migdal. "Soofa: Displaying the Right Path?" Harvard Business School Case 820-098, May 2020. (Revised September 2020.)
      • April 2020 (Revised March 2021)
      • Case

      Uber: Competing Globally

      By: Alexander J. MacKay, Amram Migdal and John Masko
      This case describes Uber’s global market entry strategy and responses by regulators and local competitors. It details Uber’s entry into New York City (United States), Bogotá (Colombia), Delhi (India), Shanghai (China), Accra (Ghana), and London (United Kingdom). In...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Model; Geography; Geographic Location; Geographic Scope; Globalization; Global Strategy; Multinational Firms and Management; Globalized Markets and Industries; Governance; Governance Controls; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Innovation and Invention; Disruptive Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Law; Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Markets; Demand and Consumers; Consumer Behavior; Network Effects; Emerging Markets; Market Design; Market Entry and Exit; Market Participation; Supply and Industry; Industry Structures; Planning; Strategic Planning; Relationships; Business and Community Relations; Business and Government Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Labor and Management Relations; Networks; Strategy; Adaptation; Business Strategy; Competition; Competitive Advantage; Competitive Strategy; Expansion; Technology; Mobile Technology; Technology Platform; Transportation; Transportation Networks; Transportation Industry; Technology Industry; Africa; Ghana; Asia; China; Shanghai Shi; Shanghai; India; New Delhi; Europe; United Kingdom; England; London; Latin America; North and Central America; United States; New York (city, NY); New York (state, US); South America; Colombia
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      MacKay, Alexander J., Amram Migdal, and John Masko. "Uber: Competing Globally." Harvard Business School Case 720-404, April 2020. (Revised March 2021.)
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      How Immigrants Changed the Geography of Innovation
      The Geography of Investment: Informed Trading and Asset Prices
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