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    • All HBS Web  (225)
      • Faculty Publications  (63)

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      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      What Drives Variation in Investor Portfolios? Estimating the Roles of Beliefs and Risk Preferences

      By: Mark Egan, Alexander MacKay and Hanbin Yang
      We document new patterns in investment behavior using a comprehensive dataset of 401(k) plans from 2009 through 2019. We show that there is substantial heterogeneity in asset allocations across plans, which is not explained by differences in available investment...  View Details
      Keywords: Stock Market Expectations; Demand Estimation; Retirement Planning; Defined Contribution Retirement Plan; 401 (K); Finance; Investment Portfolio; Investment; Retirement; Behavioral Finance; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Egan, Mark, Alexander MacKay, and Hanbin Yang. "What Drives Variation in Investor Portfolios? Estimating the Roles of Beliefs and Risk Preferences." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-044, December 2021. (Revised December 2022. Direct download. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29604, December 2021)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      The Price Effects of Innovative Security Design

      By: Boris Vallée, Gordon Liao and Claire Célérier
      This paper investigates the effects of the issuance of retail products with non-linear payoffs on option prices. For a given underlying asset, when the outstanding volume of products embedding a short-put position increases, implied volatility at the corresponding...  View Details
      Keywords: Security Design; Dividend; Options; Structured Products; Market Segmentation; Financial Instruments; Design; Volatility; Markets; Segmentation
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      Vallée, Boris, Gordon Liao, and Claire Célérier. "The Price Effects of Innovative Security Design." Working Paper, August 2021.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Determinants of Early-Stage Startup Performance: Survey Results

      By: Thomas R. Eisenmann
      To explore determinants of new venture performance, the CEOs of 470 early-stage startups were surveyed regarding a broad range of factors related to their venture’s customer value proposition, product management, marketing, technology and operations, financial...  View Details
      Keywords: Startups; Survey Research; Performance Analysis; Entrepreneurship; Performance; Analysis; Business Startups; Failure; Surveys
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      Eisenmann, Thomas R. "Determinants of Early-Stage Startup Performance: Survey Results." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-057, October 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Consumers Punish Firms That Cut Employee Pay in Response to COVID-19

      By: Bhavya Mohan, Serena Hagerty and Michael Norton
      Two experiments, including one incentive compatible study, examine the impact of cutting pay for executives versus employees in response to COVID-19 on consumer behavior. Study 1 explores the effect of announcing cuts or no cuts to CEO and employee pay, and shows that...  View Details
      Keywords: Employee Furloughs; CEO Pay Cuts; Pay Ratios; Purchase Intention; Health Pandemics; Employees; Wages; Executive Compensation; Consumer Behavior
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      Mohan, Bhavya, Serena Hagerty, and Michael Norton. "Consumers Punish Firms That Cut Employee Pay in Response to COVID-19." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-020, August 2020.
      • August 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Case

      Satrix: Competing in the Passive Asset Management Industry in South Africa

      By: Mark Egan, Pippa Tubman Armerding and Dilyana Karadzhova Botha
      In late 2017, Satrix, one of the largest passive asset management firms in South Africa and a pioneer in the industry since 2000, had to decide its strategy going forward in a market where passive asset management had become increasingly commoditized and...  View Details
      Keywords: Asset Management; Investment Funds; Competition; Competitive Strategy; Financial Services Industry; South Africa; Africa
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      Egan, Mark, Pippa Tubman Armerding, and Dilyana Karadzhova Botha. "Satrix: Competing in the Passive Asset Management Industry in South Africa." Harvard Business School Case 221-020, August 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • August 2020
      • Article

      Financial Market Risk Perceptions and the Macroeconomy

      By: Carolin E. Pflueger, Emil Siriwardane and Adi Sunderam
      We propose a novel measure of risk perceptions: the price of volatile stocks (PVS), defined as the book-to-market ratio of low-volatility stocks minus the book-to-market ratio of high-volatility stocks. PVS is high when perceived risk directly measured from surveys and...  View Details
      Keywords: Risk-centric Business Cycles; Cross-section Of Equities; Real Risk-free Rate; Real Investment; Financial Markets; Risk and Uncertainty; Perception; Investment
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      Pflueger, Carolin E., Emil Siriwardane, and Adi Sunderam. "Financial Market Risk Perceptions and the Macroeconomy." Quarterly Journal of Economics 135, no. 3 (August 2020).
      • October 2019 (Revised December 2019)
      • Case

      BC Partners: Acuris

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Terrence Shu
      This case follows Nikos Stathopoulos, Managing Partner of BC Partners, as he and his team evaluate the potential sale of one of BC Partners’ portfolio companies, Acuris. Acuris was a global financial intelligence, news, and data company that had been acquired by BC...  View Details
      Keywords: Fund Management; Fund Raising; Leveraged Buyout; Buyout; Portfolio Management; Operations Improvement; Exit; Exit Strategy; Valuation Ratios; Finance; Private Equity; Leveraged Buyouts; Operations; Performance Improvement; Acquisition; Valuation
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Terrence Shu. "BC Partners: Acuris." Harvard Business School Case 220-041, October 2019. (Revised December 2019.)
      • September 2018
      • Teaching Note

      The Case of the Unidentified Ratios

      By: Josh Lerner
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 812-129. This teaching note provides an introduction to ratio analysis as well as the different financial properties across and within industries. Students are asked to match ratios to a list of industries.  View Details
      Keywords: Financial Analysis; Ratio Analysis; Industry Analysis; Finance; Analysis
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      Lerner, Josh. "The Case of the Unidentified Ratios." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 819-052, September 2018.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      The Impact of Pensions and Insurance on Global Yield Curves

      By: Robin Greenwood and Annette Vissing-Jorgensen
      We document a strong effect of pension and insurance company (P&I) assets on the long end of the yield curve. Using data from 26 countries, the yield spread between 30-year and 10-year government bond yields is negatively related to the ratio of pension assets (in...  View Details
      Keywords: Pension Funds; Investment Funds; Insurance; Assets; Interest Rates; Bonds
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      Greenwood, Robin, and Annette Vissing-Jorgensen. "The Impact of Pensions and Insurance on Global Yield Curves." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 18-109, June 2018. (Revised December 2018.)
      • 2018
      • Simulation

      Financial Analysis Simulation: Data Detective

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and V.G. Narayanan
      In this simulation, students learn to identify typical industry characteristics revealed in financial data. Equipped with an interactive and flexible set of tools, students analyze disguised financials and—using their knowledge of operational practices and reasoning...  View Details
      Keywords: Financial Analysis; Financial Accounting; Financial Ratios; Accounting; Financial Statements; Analysis
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and V.G. Narayanan. "Financial Analysis Simulation: Data Detective." Core Curriculum Readings Series. Simulation and Teaching Note. Boston: Harvard Business Publishing 8742, 2018. Electronic.
      • Article

      Are Buybacks Really Shortchanging Investment?

      By: Jesse M. Fried and Charles C.Y. Wang
      It’s no secret that the American economy is suffering from the twin ills of slow growth and rising income inequality. Many lay the blame at the doors of America’s largest public corporations. The charge? These firms prefer to distribute cash generated from their...  View Details
      Keywords: Economy; Investment; Stocks; Business and Shareholder Relations; Equality and Inequality; United States
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      Fried, Jesse M., and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Are Buybacks Really Shortchanging Investment?" Harvard Business Review 96, no. 2 (March–April 2018): 88–95.
      • November 2017
      • Teaching Note

      Generating Higher Value at IBM (A) and (B)

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and E. Scott Mayfield
      Teaching Note for HBS Nos. 215-058 and 215-059.  View Details
      Keywords: Dividends; Share Repurchases; Earnings Guidance; Financial Statement Analysis; Financial Ratios; Payout Policy; Earnings Per Share (EPS); Earnings Management; Change Management; Leadership; Transformation; Financial Strategy
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and E. Scott Mayfield. "Generating Higher Value at IBM (A) and (B)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 218-037, November 2017.
      • September 2017 (Revised February 2019)
      • Case

      Blackstone's GSO Capital: Crosstex Investment

      By: Victoria Ivashina, John D. Dionne and Jeffrey Boyar
      This case focuses on the Blackstone credit arm, GSO Capital as it evaluated a proposal for an equity investment into the distressed company, Crosstex Energy L.P., an integrated midstream energy company, that was hit hard by declining natural gas prices during the 2008...  View Details
      Keywords: Distress Investing; Rescue Financing; Investment; Borrowing and Debt; Financial Condition
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      Ivashina, Victoria, John D. Dionne, and Jeffrey Boyar. "Blackstone's GSO Capital: Crosstex Investment." Harvard Business School Case 218-008, September 2017. (Revised February 2019.)
      • Fall 2017
      • Article

      Strengthening and Streamlining Bank Capital Regulation

      By: Robin Greenwood, Samuel Gregory Hanson, Jeremy C. Stein and Adi Sunderam
      We propose three core principles that should inform the design of bank capital regulation. First, wherever possible, multiple constraints on the minimum level of equity capital should be consolidated into a single constraint. This helps to avoid a distortionary...  View Details
      Keywords: Banks and Banking; Capital; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Banking Industry
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      Greenwood, Robin, Samuel Gregory Hanson, Jeremy C. Stein, and Adi Sunderam. "Strengthening and Streamlining Bank Capital Regulation." Brookings Papers on Economic Activity (Fall 2017). (Internet Appendix Here.)
      • August 2017
      • Article

      Should Governments Invest More in Nudging?

      By: Shlomo Benartzi, John Beshears, Katherine L. Milkman, Cass R. Sunstein, Richard H. Thaler, Maya Shankar, Will Tucker-Ray, William J. Congdon and Steven Galing
      Governments are increasingly adopting behavioral science techniques for changing individual behavior in pursuit of policy objectives. The types of “nudge” interventions that governments are now adopting alter people’s decisions without coercion or significant changes...  View Details
      Keywords: Nudge; Nudge Unit; Choice Architecture; Behavioral Science; Behavioral Economics; Savings; Pension Plan; Education; College Enrollment; Energy; Electricity Usage; Preventive Health; Influenza Vaccination; Flu Shot; Open Materials; Behavior; Governance; Economics; Policy; Power and Influence
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      Benartzi, Shlomo, John Beshears, Katherine L. Milkman, Cass R. Sunstein, Richard H. Thaler, Maya Shankar, Will Tucker-Ray, William J. Congdon, and Steven Galing. "Should Governments Invest More in Nudging?" Psychological Science 28, no. 8 (August 2017): 1041–1055.
      • July 31, 2017
      • Article

      A Commitment Contract to Achieve Virologic Suppression in Poorly Adherent Patients with HIV/AIDS

      By: Marcella Alsan, John Beshears, Wendy S. Armstrong, James J. Choi, Brigitte C. Madrian, Minh Ly T. Nguyen, Carlos Del Rio, David Laibson and Vincent C. Marconi
      Objective: Assess whether a commitment contract informed by behavioral economics leads to persistent virologic suppression among HIV-positive patients with poor antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. Design: Single-center pilot randomized clinical trial and a...  View Details
      Keywords: Adherence; Antiretroviral Therapy; Behavioral Economics; Commitment Contract; Financial Incentives; HIV-1 Virologic Suppression; Health Disorders; Motivation and Incentives
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      Alsan, Marcella, John Beshears, Wendy S. Armstrong, James J. Choi, Brigitte C. Madrian, Minh Ly T. Nguyen, Carlos Del Rio, David Laibson, and Vincent C. Marconi. "A Commitment Contract to Achieve Virologic Suppression in Poorly Adherent Patients with HIV/AIDS." AIDS 31, no. 12 (July 31, 2017): 1765–1769.
      • June 2017
      • Case

      AT&T Versus Verizon: A Financial Comparison

      By: V.G. Narayanan and Joel L. Heilprin
      This case asks students to prepare a report comparing the financial and operating performance of AT&T and Verizon. Taking the perspective of a communications industry analyst, they must also consider the differences between and implications of the companies' business...  View Details
      Keywords: Financial Statements; Operations; Analysis; Business Model; Accounting; Performance Effectiveness; Telecommunications Industry
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      Narayanan, V.G., and Joel L. Heilprin. "AT&T Versus Verizon: A Financial Comparison." Harvard Business School Brief Case 917-543, June 2017.
      • June 2017
      • Teaching Note

      Project Sun Devil and Project Paris

      By: Nori Gerardo Lietz and Alexander W. Schultz
      Tony Lee is preparing to present a project to the investment committee of Howard Street Capital. He will be recommending an investment in Project Sun Devil, a high-quality 225-unit student housing rental property near Tempe, Arizona. Tony Lee will compete for capital...  View Details
      Keywords: General Management; Financial Analysis; Return On Assets; Accounting; Performance Measurement; Financial Ratios; Return On Equity; Financial Statements; Profitability Analysis; Portfolio Investment; Portfolio Management; Real Estate; Property; Investment Portfolio; Investment Return; Analysis; Real Estate Industry; United States
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      Lietz, Nori Gerardo, and Alexander W. Schultz. "Project Sun Devil and Project Paris." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 217-086, June 2017.
      • 2017
      • Other Teaching and Training Material

      Financial Accounting Reading: Analyzing Financial Statements

      By: Suraj Srinivasan and V.G. Narayanan
      Core Curriculum Readings in Financial Accounting cover the fundamental concepts in financial accounting. Many Readings include videos and Interactive Illustrations to help students master complex concepts.
      This reading helps students understand that financial...  View Details
      Keywords: Financial Ratios; Financial Statements; Analysis; Accounting
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, and V.G. Narayanan. "Financial Accounting Reading: Analyzing Financial Statements." Core Curriculum Readings Series. Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing 5056, 2017.
      • September 2015
      • Teaching Note

      Unidentified Industries: Australia 2014

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and William E. Fruhan, Jr.
      Helps students to understand how the characteristics of a business are reflected in the firm's financial statements. In this exercise, students are given balance sheet data in percentage form (common-size balance sheets) and other selected financial ratios for a set of...  View Details
      Keywords: Accounting; Finance; Financial Management; Australia
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and William E. Fruhan, Jr. "Unidentified Industries: Australia 2014." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 216-018, September 2015.
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