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      • August 2025
      • Article

      Revenue Collapses and the Consumption of Small Business Owners in the COVID-19 Pandemic

      By: Olivia S. Kim, Jonathan A. Parker and Antoinette Schoar
      Using financial account data linking small businesses to their owner households, we examine how business owners’ consumption responded to changes in business revenues during the COVID-19 crisis. In the first two months following the National Emergency, business... View Details
      Keywords: Revenue; Small Business; Health Pandemics; Spending; Consumer Behavior
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      Kim, Olivia S., Jonathan A. Parker, and Antoinette Schoar. "Revenue Collapses and the Consumption of Small Business Owners in the COVID-19 Pandemic." Art. 104079. Journal of Financial Economics 170 (August 2025).
      • June 2025
      • Article

      Social Security and Trends in Wealth Inequality

      By: Sylvain Catherine, Max Miller and Natasha Sarin
      Recent influential work finds large increases in inequality in the U.S. based on measures of wealth concentration that notably exclude the value of social insurance programs. This paper shows that top wealth shares have not changed much over the last three decades when... View Details
      Keywords: Wealth; Equality and Inequality; Taxation; Insurance; Welfare
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      Catherine, Sylvain, Max Miller, and Natasha Sarin. "Social Security and Trends in Wealth Inequality." Journal of Finance 80, no. 3 (June 2025): 1497–1531.
      • 2024
      • Case

      EPCorp: Convincing the C-Suite

      By: Jacob M. Cook
      In EPCorp: Convincing the C-Suite, Shivani Bahl is attempting to sell EPCorp's CEO, Debbie Sullivan, on her ideas for not only a new website upgrade but also a more expansive vision on how data and Generative AI can be used to grow the company. Debbie is understandably... View Details
      Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; E-commerce; Growth and Development Strategy
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      Cook, Jacob M. "EPCorp: Convincing the C-Suite." Harvard Business Publishing Case, 2024. (Quick Case.)
      • May 2025
      • Case

      The Micro-Family Office: Aamir Rehman

      By: Lauren Cohen and Sophia Pan
      With a successful career and strong academic credentials, Aamir Rehman sought to design a life grounded in autonomy. For him, this meant serving on boards, continuing his professorship, and ensuring a secure and comfortable life for his family. While he didn’t possess... View Details
      Keywords: Family Office; Organization Design; Family And Friends; Family; Balance; Stability; Trends And Opportunities; Wealth Management; Family Business; Investment; Financial Strategy; Personal Finance; Investment Portfolio; Private Equity; Organizational Design; Family and Family Relationships; Happiness; Satisfaction; Balance and Stability; Human Capital; Compensation and Benefits; Economy; Trends; Business Model; New Jersey; United States
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      Cohen, Lauren, and Sophia Pan. "The Micro-Family Office: Aamir Rehman." Harvard Business School Case 225-089, May 2025.
      • May 2025
      • Article

      Transaction Cost Economics in the Digital Economy: A Research Agenda

      By: Frank Nagle, Robert Seamans and Steve Tadelis
      Transaction cost economics theory explains when it is more efficient for a transaction between two parties to occur across the market or within an organization. How does transaction cost economics apply in the digital economy, which relies on digital transactions? In... View Details
      Keywords: Transaction Cost Economics; Digital Economy; Economics; Cost; Markets; Research; Digital Transformation
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      Nagle, Frank, Robert Seamans, and Steve Tadelis. "Transaction Cost Economics in the Digital Economy: A Research Agenda." Strategic Organization 23, no. 2 (May 2025): 351–365.
      • April 2025
      • Background Note

      Climate Change Adaptation with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

      By: Michael W. Toffel and Nabig Chaudhry
      Artificial Intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) have emerged as powerful tools to address climate change. This note summarizes a wide range of the uses of AI/ML to drive climate change adaptation and resilience, the measures organizations and governments are... View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Adaptation
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      Toffel, Michael W., and Nabig Chaudhry. "Climate Change Adaptation with Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning." Harvard Business School Background Note 625-050, April 2025.
      • April 2025 (Revised May 2025)
      • Case

      Adobe: GenAI Opportunity or Threat?

      By: Sunil Gupta, Rajiv Lal and Allison Ciechanover
      In December 2022, Adobe CEO Shantanu Narayen faced a pivotal strategic decision due to the rapid rise of generative AI image models from OpenAI, Midjourney, and StabilityAI. Adobe, a leader in digital media and marketing software with a 40-year legacy of innovation and... View Details
      Keywords: Technology Industry; San Jose
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      Gupta, Sunil, Rajiv Lal, and Allison Ciechanover. "Adobe: GenAI Opportunity or Threat?" Harvard Business School Case 525-052, April 2025. (Revised May 2025.)
      • April 2025
      • Case

      Japan Industrial Partners Powers the Leveraged Buyout of Toshiba

      By: Brian K. Baik, Joseph Pacelli and James Barnett
      The case explores Japan Industrial Partners (JIP) $14 billion takeover of Toshiba Corporation (Toshiba). JIP was a private equity firm that took over the troubled electronics corporation in late 2023. The deal, which had been labeled one of the largest leveraged... View Details
      Keywords: International Accounting; Borrowing and Debt; Management Analysis, Tools, and Techniques; Ownership; Risk and Uncertainty; Strategy; Valuation; Leveraged Buyouts; Restructuring; Capital Structure; Cost of Capital; Private Equity; Bids and Bidding; Accounting Industry; Electronics Industry; Energy Industry; Manufacturing Industry; Semiconductor Industry; Asia; Japan
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      Baik, Brian K., Joseph Pacelli, and James Barnett. "Japan Industrial Partners Powers the Leveraged Buyout of Toshiba." Harvard Business School Case 125-055, April 2025.
      • April 2025
      • Case

      The CHIPS Program Office (Abridged)

      By: Mitch Weiss and Sebastian Negron-Reichard
      In February 2023, U.S. Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo weighed signing off on a Notice of Funding Opportunity (“NOFO”) with at least one unconventional provision: a pre-application (“pre-app”) to the actual application for parts of $39 billion in direct semiconductor... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Public Sector; Government Administration; Government Legislation; Motivation and Incentives; Semiconductor Industry; Public Administration Industry; United States
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      Weiss, Mitch, and Sebastian Negron-Reichard. "The CHIPS Program Office (Abridged)." Harvard Business School Case 825-192, April 2025.
      • April 2025
      • Case

      Netflix in 2024

      By: Jan Rivkin and David Allen
      In 2024, Netflix appeared to emerge victorious from the “streaming wars” that it had waged in recent years with the likes of Disney, Warner Bros. Discovery, Apple, and Amazon. What had allowed Netflix not only to succeed in the streaming wars but also to thrive for... View Details
      Keywords: Entertainment; Film Entertainment; Television Entertainment; Digital Platforms; Internet and the Web; Organizational Culture; Strategy; Adaptation; Business Strategy; Entertainment and Recreation Industry; Motion Pictures and Video Industry; United States
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      Rivkin, Jan, and David Allen. "Netflix in 2024." Harvard Business School Case 725-438, April 2025.
      • 2025
      • White Paper

      Governors Reshaping Workforce Development: Turning WIOA Challenges into Workforce Solutions

      By: Joseph B. Fuller, Kerry McKittrick, Nathalie Gazzaneo, Ariel Higuchi, Justine Gluck, Zoe Butler, Jack Porter and Malena Dailey
      The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) grants Governors significant authority to shape their state workforce systems. Yet, little research explores how they use those powers to strengthen their economies and expand access to employment and training.... View Details
      Keywords: Government Administration; Policy; Training; Employment
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      Fuller, Joseph B., Kerry McKittrick, Nathalie Gazzaneo, Ariel Higuchi, Justine Gluck, Zoe Butler, Jack Porter, and Malena Dailey. "Governors Reshaping Workforce Development: Turning WIOA Challenges into Workforce Solutions." White Paper, Project on Workforce at Harvard, April 2025.
      • April 2025
      • Article

      Skill Dependencies Uncover Nested Human Capital

      By: Moh Hosseinioun, Frank Neffke, Letian Zhang and Hyejin Youn
      Modern economies require increasingly diverse and specialized skills, many of which depend on the acquisition of other skills first. Here we analyse US survey data to reveal a nested structure within skill portfolios, where the direction of dependency is inferred... View Details
      Keywords: Competency and Skills; Human Capital; Personal Development and Career; Equality and Inequality; Analytics and Data Science
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      Hosseinioun, Moh, Frank Neffke, Letian Zhang, and Hyejin Youn. "Skill Dependencies Uncover Nested Human Capital." Nature Human Behaviour 9, no. 4 (April 2025): 673–687.
      • March 27, 2025
      • Article

      How One Company Used AI to Broaden Its Customer Base

      By: Sunil Gupta and Frank V. Cespedes
      The software company SAP successfully leveraged AI tools to begin selling to the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) market, which had previously been uneconomical for its in-person sales approach. By mapping the customer journey and deploying over 40 AI tools, SAP... View Details
      Keywords: AI and Machine Learning; Sales; Business Strategy; Market Entry and Exit
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      Gupta, Sunil, and Frank V. Cespedes. "How One Company Used AI to Broaden Its Customer Base." Harvard Business Review (website) (March 27, 2025).
      • March 2025
      • Case

      Niramai: An AI Solution to Save Lives

      By: Rembrand Koning, Maria P. Roche and Kairavi Dey
      Founded in 2017, Niramai developed Thermalytix, a breast cancer screening tool. Thermalytix used a high-resolution thermal sensing device and machine learning algorithms to analyze thermal images and detect tumors. Its patented solution leveraged big data analytics,... View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; AI and Machine Learning; Technology Adoption; Health Care and Treatment; Technology Industry; Health Industry; Asia; India; South Asia
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      Koning, Rembrand, Maria P. Roche, and Kairavi Dey. "Niramai: An AI Solution to Save Lives." Harvard Business School Case 725-439, March 2025.
      • March 2025
      • Background Note

      Getting to Net Zero: The Role of the Financial Sector

      By: Shawn Cole, Jonah Zahnd, Karina Chung and Jack Cenovic
      In early 2025, momentum towards the goal of reaching net zero carbon emissions by 2050 continued in many parts of the world, even as it appeared to face a set-back following the election of Donald Trump as president of the United States. Financial institutions... View Details
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      Cole, Shawn, Jonah Zahnd, Karina Chung, and Jack Cenovic. "Getting to Net Zero: The Role of the Financial Sector." Harvard Business School Background Note 225-066, March 2025.
      • March 2025 (Revised March 2025)
      • Case

      Good for the Seller, Good for the Buyer and Good for Society: Sampo-yoshi, Sustainability and Trust at ITOCHU

      By: Sandra J. Sucher and Bethelehem Y Araya
      In 2024, ITOCHU CEO Masahiro Okafuji was at a crossroads. As the thirteenth CEO since ITOCHU’s founding in 1858, he had fueled the company’s growth since 2011 by bringing ITOCHU’s founding philosophy of Sampo-yoshi (good for the seller, good for the buyer and... View Details
      Keywords: Sustainability; Trust; Profit; Growth and Development Strategy; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Mission and Purpose; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Environmental Sustainability; Japan
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      Sucher, Sandra J., and Bethelehem Y Araya. "Good for the Seller, Good for the Buyer and Good for Society: Sampo-yoshi, Sustainability and Trust at ITOCHU." Harvard Business School Case 325-053, March 2025. (Revised March 2025.)
      • March 2025
      • Case

      Primetime Partners: Investing in Healthspan, Wealthspan, and Workspan

      By: Rembrand Koning, Nicole Tempest Keller and Susan Wilner Golden
      In the fall of 2024, Abby Miller Levy (HBS ’01), co-founder and managing partner of Primetime Partners, was preparing to raise a second fund. Founded in 2020 with veteran investor Alan Patricof, Primetime was a horizontal fund focused on early-stage companies serving... View Details
      Keywords: Investment Funds; Demographics; Age; Social Issues; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Koning, Rembrand, Nicole Tempest Keller, and Susan Wilner Golden. "Primetime Partners: Investing in Healthspan, Wealthspan, and Workspan." Harvard Business School Case 825-095, March 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Methane Abatement Costs in the Oil and Gas Industry: Survey and Synthesis

      By: Joseph E. Aldy, Forest Reinhardt and Robert N. Stavins
      There is growing recognition of the relative importance of anthropogenic emissions of methane as a contributor to global climate change. An important source of such emissions in some countries, including the United States, is the oil and gas (O&G) sector. This points... View Details
      Keywords: Emission Reduction; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Pollutants; Energy Industry
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      Aldy, Joseph E., Forest Reinhardt, and Robert N. Stavins. "Methane Abatement Costs in the Oil and Gas Industry: Survey and Synthesis." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 33564, March 2025.
      • 2025
      • Working Paper

      Discrimination, Rejection, and Job Search

      By: Anne Boring, Katherine Coffman, Dylan Glover and María José González-Fuentes
      We investigate how candidates’ willingness to apply responds to (potential) discrimination and rejection using a simulated labor market. Past work has shown that “blinding” job applications reduces discrimination and increases the rate at which women are hired. Our... View Details
      Keywords: Job Search; Prejudice and Bias; Selection and Staffing; Demographics
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      Boring, Anne, Katherine Coffman, Dylan Glover, and María José González-Fuentes. "Discrimination, Rejection, and Job Search." Working Paper, February 2025.
      • February 2025
      • Case

      Doing Business in Casablanca, Morocco

      By: Karen G. Mills, Ahmed Dahawy and Choetsow Tenzin
      This case examines the challenges and opportunities of doing business in Morocco. The case explores the various historical, cultural, and social factors that impact the business environment. It also highlights Morocco’s unique economy where cash remains a dominant... View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Cultural Entrepreneurship; Social Entrepreneurship; Business History; Business and Government Relations; Technological Innovation; Distribution Industry; Financial Services Industry; Morocco
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      Mills, Karen G., Ahmed Dahawy, and Choetsow Tenzin. "Doing Business in Casablanca, Morocco." Harvard Business School Case 325-105, February 2025.
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