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    • All HBS Web  (4,028)
      • Faculty Publications  (459)

      Environmental Sustainability Remove Environmental Sustainability →

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      Has Environmental Sustainability Lost its Relevance?
      iPhoto For businesses and other organizations seeking to overcome roadblocks to sustainability over the last few decades, much can be learned from...
      Has Environmental Sustainability Lost its Relevance?
      iPhoto For businesses and other organizations seeking to overcome roadblocks to sustainability over the last few decades, much can be learned from...
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      • February 2021
      • Article

      How Transparency into Internal and External Responsibility Initiatives Influences Consumer Choice

      By: Ryan W. Buell and Basak Kalkanci
      Amid growing calls for transparency and social and environmental responsibility, companies are employing different strategies to improve consumer perceptions of their brands. Some pursue internal initiatives that reduce their negative social or environmental impacts...  View Details
      Keywords: Sustainable Operations; Corporate Social Responsibility; Operational Transparency; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Operations; environmental sustainability; Consumer Behavior; Perception
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      Buell, Ryan W., and Basak Kalkanci. "How Transparency into Internal and External Responsibility Initiatives Influences Consumer Choice." Management Science 67, no. 2 (February 2021): 932–950.
      • January 2021
      • Case

      Bespoken Spirits: Disrupting Distilling

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
      On October 7, 2020, Bespoken Spirits publicly announced it had received $2.6 million of seed funding for its “sustainable maturation process,” a process that could produce award-winning whiskeys in just days rather than years using a novel technology and data science. ...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Disruption; Entrepreneurship; environmental sustainability; Cash Flow; Disruptive Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Brands And Branding; Business Model; Consumer Products Industry; Food And Beverage Industry; Service Industry; United States; California
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "Bespoken Spirits: Disrupting Distilling." Harvard Business School Case 721-419, January 2021.
      • January 2021
      • Supplement

      Bespoken Spirits: Disrupting Distilling

      By: Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher
      On October 7, 2020, Bespoken Spirits publicly announced it had received $2.6 million of seed funding for its “sustainable maturation process,” a process that could produce award-winning whiskeys in just days rather than years using a novel technology and data science. ...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Ventures; Business Strategy; Competitive Advantage; Disruption; Entrepreneurship; environmental sustainability; Cash Flow; Disruptive Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Brands And Branding; Business Model; Consumer Products Industry; Food And Beverage Industry; Service Industry; United States; California
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      Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "Bespoken Spirits: Disrupting Distilling." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 721-852, January 2021.
      • January 2021
      • Case

      Rio Tinto Aluminum: Can Purpose Lead to Profit?

      By: David Fubini and Agastya Muthanna
      This case describes the tradeoffs Rio Tinto faces as it considers investments to ensure environmentally friendly, sustainability produced aluminum with the potential risks of competitive pricing and profit loses.  View Details
      Keywords: Mining Industry
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      Fubini, David, and Agastya Muthanna. "Rio Tinto Aluminum: Can Purpose Lead to Profit?" Harvard Business School Case 421-055, January 2021.
      • December 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Case

      Kerry Group: Inspiring Food, Nourishing Life

      By: Forest L. Reinhardt, Jose B. Alvarez, Damien McLoughlin, Tonia Labruyere and Tonia Junker
      The Irish company Kerry Group, one of the leading global players in the taste and nutrition industry, wants to ensure its future growth in developing and developed markets. Founded in 1972 as a dairy cooperative, it had grown into a provider of taste and nutrition...  View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; environmental sustainability; Food; Nutrition; Growth And Development Strategy; Agriculture And Agribusiness Industry
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      Reinhardt, Forest L., Jose B. Alvarez, Damien McLoughlin, and Tonia Labruyere. "Kerry Group: Inspiring Food, Nourishing Life." Harvard Business School Case 721-019, December 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • December 2020 (Revised January 2021)
      • Case

      Arcos Dorados: A QSR Recovery Plan

      By: Forest Reinhardt, Jose B. Alvarez, Jenyfeer Martinez Buitrago and Mariana Cal
      Arcos Dorados—McDonald’s largest independent franchisee, covering Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC)—faced a pandemic that was disrupting the entire consumer foodservice business in 2020. With the exclusive right to own, operate, and sub-franchise McDonald’s...  View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Animal-based Agribusiness; Plant-based Agribusiness; Customer Value And Value Chain; Income; Macroeconomics; environmental Management; environmental sustainability; Cross-cultural And Cross-border Issues; Food; Health Pandemics; Crisis Management; Logistics; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Strategic Planning; Food And Beverage Industry; Agriculture And Agribusiness Industry; Retail Industry; Latin America; Aruba; Guadeloupe; Martinique; Mexico; Panama; Costa Rica; Argentina; Brazil; Chile; Colombia; Ecuador; French Guiana; Peru; Uruguay; Venezuela; Puerto Rico; Trinidad And Tobago
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      Reinhardt, Forest, Jose B. Alvarez, Jenyfeer Martinez Buitrago, and Mariana Cal. "Arcos Dorados: A QSR Recovery Plan." Harvard Business School Case 721-023, December 2020. (Revised January 2021.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Accounting for Product Impact in the Airlines Industry

      By: George Serafeim and Katie Trinh
      We apply the product impact measurement framework of the Impact-Weighted Accounts Initiative (IWAI) in two competitor companies within the airlines industry. We design a monetization methodology that allows us to calculate monetary impact estimates of fare...  View Details
      Keywords: Product Innovation; Impact; Impact Investing; Impact Measurement; Esg; Esg (environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Esg (environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Esg Ratings; Social Corporate Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility; Social Impact; Air Transportation; Aviation; Product Design; Product Positioning; Society; Product; environmental sustainability; Measurement And Metrics; Framework; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Air Transportation Industry
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      Serafeim, George, and Katie Trinh. "Accounting for Product Impact in the Airlines Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-066, November 2020. (Revised February 2021.)
      • 2020
      • Chapter

      Luxury Tourism and Environmentalism

      By: G. Jones
      This chapter examines the evolution of luxury tourism and its environmental impact. Whilst mass tourism is widely seen as environmentally damaging, the impact of luxury tourism is nuanced. During the first stage of the growth in the nineteenth century, the numbers of...  View Details
      Keywords: Luxury Consumption; Environmentalism; Tourism; Green Business; Luxury; History; Ethics; Globalization; environmental Management; Business History; Tourism Industry; Antarctica; Latin America; North And Central America; Europe; Switzerland; Chile; Costa Rica; Africa; Kenya
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      Jones, G. "Luxury Tourism and Environmentalism." Chap. 31 in The Oxford Handbook of Luxury Business, edited by Pierre-Yves Donzé, Véronique Pouillard, and Joanne Roberts. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2020. Electronic.
      • October 2020 (Revised January 2021)
      • Case

      Divesting Harvard's Endowment

      By: Daniel Green, Luis M. Viceira and Holly Fetter
      By early 2020 Harvard University was facing growing pressure from students, faculty, and alumni to divest its $40 billion endowment of financial stakes in fossil fuel producers. Its previous policy of avoiding the issue was quickly becoming outdated—$21 trillion of...  View Details
      Keywords: Divestment; Harvard University; Esg; Higher Education; Investment Portfolio; environmental sustainability; Strategy; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact
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      Green, Daniel, Luis M. Viceira, and Holly Fetter. "Divesting Harvard's Endowment." Harvard Business School Case 221-009, October 2020. (Revised January 2021.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Accounting for Product Impact in the Consumer-Packaged Foods Industry

      By: Amanda Rischbieth, George Serafeim and Katie Trinh
      We apply the product impact measurement framework of the Impact-Weighted Accounts Initiative (IWAI) in two competitor companies within the consumer-packaged goods industry. We design a methodology that allows us to calculate monetary impact estimates on customer...  View Details
      Keywords: Product Innovation; Impact; Impact Investing; Impact Measurement; Esg; Esg (environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Esg (environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Esg Ratings; Social Corporate Responsibility; Corporate Social Responsibility; Social Impact; Nutrition Database; Nutritional Information; Cpg; Consumer Packaged Goods; Iwai; Product Design; Product Positioning; Society; environmental sustainability; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Nutrition; Product; Safety; Consumer Products Industry
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      Rischbieth, Amanda, George Serafeim, and Katie Trinh. "Accounting for Product Impact in the Consumer-Packaged Foods Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-051, October 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
      • September 2020
      • Case

      Algramo

      By: Michael Chu, Monica Silva and Mariana Cal
      Founded in 2013 by José Manuel Moller in Chile, Algramo first became known for addressing the “poverty tax” (the surcharge paid by lower income families for staples sold in smaller sizes) through specially-designed dispensers in low-income neighborhood grocery stores...  View Details
      Keywords: Packaging-as-a-wallet; Plastic Waste; Business At The Base Of The Pyramid; Reusable Packaging; Alliances With Fmcgs To Meet Esg Goals; Social Entrepreneurship; environmental sustainability; Strategy; Value Creation; Goals And Objectives; Business Model; Consumer Products Industry; Latin America; South America; Chile
      Citation
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      Chu, Michael, Monica Silva, and Mariana Cal. "Algramo." Harvard Business School Case 321-079, September 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Measuring the Cost of Corporate Water Usage

      By: DG Park, George Serafeim and T. Robert Zochowski
      We develop a methodology that calculates the impact that organizations have on the environment through their water consumption relating to water stress risk. Using the methodology, we derive estimates for four companies that show how assumptions on the geographic...  View Details
      Keywords: Water; Water Management; environment; sustainability; Environmental Impact; Impact-weighted Accounts; Iwai; Organizations; environmental sustainability; Valuation
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      Park, DG, George Serafeim, and T. Robert Zochowski. "Measuring the Cost of Corporate Water Usage." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-036, September 2020.
      • September–October 2020
      • Article

      Social-Impact Efforts That Create Real Value

      By: George Serafeim
      Until the mid-2010s few investors paid attention to environmental, social, and governance (ESG) data—information about companies’ carbon footprints, labor policies, board makeup, and so forth. Today the data is widely used by investors. How can organizations create...  View Details
      Keywords: sustainability; Sustainability Management; Esg; Esg (environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Esg (environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Esg Disclosure; Esg Disclosure Metrics; Esg Ratings; Esg Reporting; Social Impact; Impact Measurement; Social Innovation; Purpose; Corporate Purpose; Corporate Social Responsibility; Strategy; Social Enterprise; Society; Accounting; Investment; environmental sustainability; Climate Change; Corporate Strategy; Mission And Purpose; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Financial Services Industry; Chemical Industry; Technology Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; North America; Europe; Japan; Australia
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      Serafeim, George. "Social-Impact Efforts That Create Real Value." Harvard Business Review 98, no. 5 (September–October 2020): 38–48.
      • 2020
      • Article

      Research on Corporate Sustainability: Review and Directions for Future Research

      By: Jody Grewal and George Serafeim
      We review the literature on corporate sustainability and provide directions for future research. Our review focuses on three actions: measuring, managing and communicating corporate sustainability performance. Measurement is the least developed of the three and...  View Details
      Keywords: sustainability; Sustainability Reporting; Sustainability Management; Nonfinancial Disclosure; Nonfinancial Information; Nonfinancial Performance; Materiality; Esg; Esg (environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Esg (environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Esg Disclosure; Esg Disclosure Metrics; Esg Ratings; Esg Reporting; Inequality; Corporate Social Responsibility; Accounting; Finance; Management; Strategy; environmental sustainability; Climate Change; Diversity; Equality And Inequality; Corporate Disclosure; Measurement And Metrics; Corporate Governance; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact
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      Grewal, Jody, and George Serafeim. "Research on Corporate Sustainability: Review and Directions for Future Research." Foundations and Trends® in Accounting 14, no. 2 (2020): 73–127.
      • Fall 2020
      • Article

      Climate in the Boardroom: Struggling to Reconcile Business as Usual & the End of the World as We Know It

      By: Rebecca Henderson
      How does one witness to businesspeople about climate change? Climate change is a problem for the collective and the long term, whereas business often requires a ruthless focus on the individual and the quarter. Climate change is an ethical catastrophe whose solution...  View Details
      Keywords: Sustainable Business; Climate Change; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; environmental sustainability
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      Henderson, Rebecca. "Climate in the Boardroom: Struggling to Reconcile Business as Usual & the End of the World as We Know It." Special Issue on Witnessing Climate Change. Daedalus 149, no. 4 (Fall 2020): 118–124.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Financing the Response to Climate Change: The Pricing and Ownership of U.S. Green Bonds

      By: Malcolm Baker, Daniel Bergstresser, George Serafeim and Jeffrey Wurgler
      We study green bonds, which are bonds whose proceeds are used for environmentally sensitive purposes. After an overview of the U.S. corporate and municipal green bonds markets, we study pricing and ownership patterns using a simple framework that incorporates assets...  View Details
      Keywords: Green Bonds; Pricing; Bonds; Climate Change; environmental sustainability; Financial Markets; Price; Ownership; United States
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      Baker, Malcolm, Daniel Bergstresser, George Serafeim, and Jeffrey Wurgler. "Financing the Response to Climate Change: The Pricing and Ownership of U.S. Green Bonds." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 25194, August 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Updating the Balanced Scorecard for Triple Bottom Line Strategies

      By: Robert S. Kaplan and David McMillan
      Many companies are now attempting to achieve triple bottom line performance on financial, environmental, and societal metrics. Successful strategies for such performance, however, generally require new relationships among multiple players in multiple sectors across a...  View Details
      Keywords: Balanced Scorecard; Adaptation; environmental sustainability; Social Issues; Performance; Strategy
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      Kaplan, Robert S., and David McMillan. "Updating the Balanced Scorecard for Triple Bottom Line Strategies." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-028, August 2020.
      • June 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Generation Investment Management

      By: Vikram S. Gandhi and Sarah Mehta
      This teaching note provides guidance for teaching the case “Generation Investment Management” (820-033), which looks at the challenges facing a sustainable investment firm.  View Details
      Keywords: Sustainable Investing; Socially Responsible Investing; Long-term Investing; Esg; Climate Change; environmental sustainability; Finance; Equity; Governance; Private Equity; Public Equity; Financial Markets; Investment; Investment Return; Investment Activism; Investment Funds; Investment Portfolio; Institutional Investing; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Financial Services Industry; United Kingdom; England; London
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      Gandhi, Vikram S., and Sarah Mehta. "Generation Investment Management." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 820-112, June 2020.
      • June 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Fossil Fuel Divestment

      By: Michael W. Toffel and Sarah Gulick
      Teaching note to accompany HBS case 620-093, Fossil Fuel Divestment, by Michael W. Toffel and Sarah Gulick.  View Details
      Keywords: Higher Education; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; environmental sustainability; Public Opinion; Education Industry; Cambridge
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      Toffel, Michael W., and Sarah Gulick. "Fossil Fuel Divestment." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 620-125, June 2020.
      • May 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Danone: Changing the Food System

      By: David E. Bell, Federica Gabrieli, Daniela Beyersdorfer, Amy Klopfenstein and Aldo Sesia
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 520-053.
      This is a teaching note for the case “Danone: Changing the Food System?” The case examines the efforts of one of the world’s largest food and beverage companies to resolve the social, environmental, and economic issues within its...  View Details
      Keywords: Food; Goods And Commodities; Agribusiness; Animal-based Agribusiness; Plant-based Agribusiness; Strategy; Corporate Strategy; environmental Management; environmental sustainability; Climate Change; Agriculture And Agribusiness Industry; Food And Beverage Industry; Europe; France; Paris
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      Bell, David E., Federica Gabrieli, Daniela Beyersdorfer, Amy Klopfenstein, and Aldo Sesia. "Danone: Changing the Food System." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-066, May 2020.
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      Has Environmental Sustainability Lost its Relevance?
      iPhoto For businesses and other organizations seeking to overcome roadblocks to sustainability over the last few decades, much can be learned from...
      Has Environmental Sustainability Lost its Relevance?
      iPhoto For businesses and other organizations seeking to overcome roadblocks to sustainability over the last few decades, much can be learned from...
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