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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (3,658)
      • Faculty Publications  (126)

      Energy Markets Remove Energy Markets →

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      Government Policy and Energy Markets: A Review Essay
      Contractual Innovation in the U.K. Energy Markets: Enron Europe, The Eastern Group, and the Sutton Bridge Project (TN)
      → Search All HBS Web
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Deregulation, Market Power, and Prices: Evidence from the Electricity Sector

      By: Alexander MacKay and Ignacia Mercadal
      When deciding whether to introduce market-based prices into a regulated market, a regulator faces the following tradeoff: profit incentives may reduce costs through the more efficient allocation of resources, but the presence of market power may lead to increased...  View Details
      Keywords: Deregulation; Market Power; Markups; Prices; Electricity; Energy; Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Price
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      MacKay, Alexander, and Ignacia Mercadal. "Deregulation, Market Power, and Prices: Evidence from the Electricity Sector." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-095, February 2021. (Direct download.)
      • November 2020
      • Case

      Holaluz: Taking on the Spanish Energy Market

      By: Elie Ofek, Marco Bertini, Oded Koenigsberg, Elena Corsi and Emer Moloney
      In 2020, the three cofounders of Holaluz, a newcomer to Spain’s electricity retail market, are preparing to launch a new offering: installing and managing solar panels on households' roofs at no extra cost for the consumer, who would still benefit from the energy...  View Details
      Keywords: Electricity; Solar Power; Subscription Business; Renewable Energy; Entrepreneurship; Service Delivery; Business Model; Product Launch; Marketing; Energy Industry; Spain
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      Ofek, Elie, Marco Bertini, Oded Koenigsberg, Elena Corsi, and Emer Moloney. "Holaluz: Taking on the Spanish Energy Market." Harvard Business School Case 521-045, November 2020.
      • September 2020 (Revised November 2020)
      • Case

      d.light

      By: Michael Chu, Krishna G. Palepu and Dilyana Karadzhova Botha
      Kenyan off-grid-solar pioneer d.light can power entire homes in rural Africa but must now decide how to fund the growth of its asset-heavy business model. Ned Tozun and Sam Goldman founded d.light in 2006 to transform lives through solar solutions enabling access to...  View Details
      Keywords: Alternative Energy; Business Model; Capital; Emerging Markets; Expansion; Financial Strategy; Renewable Energy; Strategy; Social Entrepreneurship; Energy Industry; Africa; Kenya; India
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      Chu, Michael, Krishna G. Palepu, and Dilyana Karadzhova Botha. "d.light." Harvard Business School Case 321-069, September 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
      • August 2020 (Revised November 2020)
      • Case

      Gogoro: From Electric Scooter to Energy Platform

      By: Tarun Khanna and Billy Chan
      The founder of Gogoro had always wanted to revolutionize the energy market from day one since he started the electric scooter business that featured an innovative battery swapping technology. Over the course of five years, he had developed a premium line of electric...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Technology; Energy; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Strategy; Taiwan
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      Khanna, Tarun, and Billy Chan. "Gogoro: From Electric Scooter to Energy Platform." Harvard Business School Case 721-379, August 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
      • May 2020
      • Case

      Big Boom Beverages: Fight or Flight?

      By: Stephen A. Greyser and William Ellet
      Four college friends market a beverage that combines ingredients like those in a drink they consumed in college bars. It includes a caffeinated energy drink, malt liquor, and a soft drink flavoring. They launch the business, Big Boom Beverages (BBB), with their own...  View Details
      Keywords: Alcoholic Beverages; Energy Drinks; Regulation; Entrepreneurship; Ethics; Marketing Communications; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Reputation; Communication Strategy; Decision Making
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      Greyser, Stephen A., and William Ellet. "Big Boom Beverages: Fight or Flight?" Harvard Business School Brief Case 920-557, May 2020.
      • May 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Big Boom Beverages: Fight or Flight? (Brief Case)

      By: Stephen A. Greyser and William Ellet
      Teaching Note for HBS Brief Case No. 920-557. The case addresses analysis and decisions related to the entrepreneurial life of a distinctive energy beverage, including its niche market launch, early problems, reformulation, social media impact, market success, and...  View Details
      Keywords: Alcoholic Beverages; Energy Drinks; Regulation; Entrepreneurship; Ethics; Marketing Communications; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Reputation; Communication Strategy; Decision Making
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      Greyser, Stephen A., and William Ellet. "Big Boom Beverages: Fight or Flight? (Brief Case)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 920-558, May 2020.
      • March 2020
      • Case

      Voi Technology

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport and Olivia Hull
      Voi Technology, a fast-growing start-up out of Sweden, is competing in the highly contested European e-scooter sharing market. With a presence in nearly 40 cities in Europe by February 2020, the firm is working hard to improve its unit economics to reach profitability....  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Business Strategy; Technology Adoption; Innovation Strategy; Technological Innovation; Marketing Strategy; Business Plan; Product Marketing; Product Launch; Product Positioning; Energy Conservation; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Global Strategy; Globalized Economies and Regions; Innovation Leadership; Human Capital; Laws and Statutes; Growth Management; Operations; Logistics; Service Operations; Supply Chain Management; Organizational Culture; Hardware; Transportation; Transportation Industry; Technology Industry; Europe
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., and Olivia Hull. "Voi Technology." Harvard Business School Case 820-099, March 2020.
      • February 2020 (Revised March 2020)
      • Case

      Prime Coalition: Catalytic Capital for Climate Innovation

      By: Ramana Nanda, Benjamin N. Roth and Olivia Hull
      With long development timelines and high risk, new energy technologies were often left to languish in the “valley of death,” unable to raise enough funds to bring a product to market. In 2014, Sarah Kearney founded the nonprofit Prime Coalition to solve this problem....  View Details
      Keywords: Energy Conservation; Renewable Energy; Social Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Investment; Innovation and Invention; Technological Innovation; Mission and Purpose; Science-Based Business; Nonprofit Organizations; Social Enterprise; Energy Industry; Technology Industry; Green Technology Industry; United States
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      Nanda, Ramana, Benjamin N. Roth, and Olivia Hull. "Prime Coalition: Catalytic Capital for Climate Innovation." Harvard Business School Case 820-007, February 2020. (Revised March 2020.)
      • January 2020
      • Background Note

      Climate Change in 2020: Implications for Business

      By: Rebecca M. Henderson, Sophus A. Reinert and Mariana Oseguera
      This note provides general information about climate change and its implications for business. Included is an overview of climate change science and a number of its impacts, including rising sea levels, changing weather patterns and extreme weather, pressure on water...  View Details
      Keywords: Climate Change; Environmental Accounting; Agribusiness; Economic Growth; Energy Conservation; Energy Generation; Renewable Energy; Energy Sources; Non-Renewable Energy; Globalized Markets and Industries; National Security; Government Legislation; Operations; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Problems and Challenges; Risk and Uncertainty; Natural Disasters; Natural Environment; Environmental Sustainability; Pollutants; Science-Based Business; Weather; Society; Technology
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      Henderson, Rebecca M., Sophus A. Reinert, and Mariana Oseguera. "Climate Change in 2020: Implications for Business." Harvard Business School Background Note 320-087, January 2020. (Click here for a complimentary copy on the Business & Environment Initiative’s site.)
      • November 2019 (Revised June 2020)
      • Case

      Russia: A Drama In Three Acts

      By: Rawi Abdelal, Rafael Di Tella, Galit Goldstein and Sogomon Tarontsi
      The collapse of central authority in the Soviet Union in 1991 ushered in a period of revolutionary transformations for the states that emerged in its wake. The leaders of Russia, the USSR's successor, struggled to reestablish central authority while also seeking to...  View Details
      Keywords: Business & Government Relations; Developing Countries; Government Policy; Policy Change; Policy Making; Economic Systems; Economics; Globalization; Emerging Markets; Privatization; Non-Renewable Energy; Governance; Global Strategy; Corporate Governance; Policy; Business History; Lawfulness; Problems and Challenges; Business and Government Relations; Risk and Uncertainty; Strategy; Change Management; Russia; Moscow
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      Abdelal, Rawi, Rafael Di Tella, Galit Goldstein, and Sogomon Tarontsi. "Russia: A Drama In Three Acts." Harvard Business School Case 720-020, November 2019. (Revised June 2020.)
      • November 2019
      • Case

      Rechargeable Batteries, 2017: Gigafactory Wars in the Offing?

      By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
      In 2017, the global market for rechargeable lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries was 126 gigawatt-hours (GWh) valued at $37 billion, growing by $10 billion in two years. Once confined largely to consumer electronics and appliances, the rapid increase in demand was spurred by...  View Details
      Keywords: Batteries; Rechargeable Batteries; Lithium-ion; Lithium-ion Batteries; Electric Vehicle; Electric Vehicles; Energy Entrepreneurship; Energy Markets; Energy Storage; Battery; Demand Uncertainty; Demand Forecasting; Supply & Demand; Supply And Demand; Capacity Planning; Tesla; Technological And Scientific Innovation; Technological Change; Technology Change; Technology Commercialization; Policy Change; Subsidies; Power/energy; Power Grid; Energy Policy; Developing Markets; Alevo; Samsung; Lg Chem; Catl; Northvolt; General Motors; Energy; Entrepreneurship; Technological Innovation; Commercialization; Policy; Demand and Consumers; Forecasting and Prediction; Supply and Industry; Emerging Markets; Competitive Strategy; China
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      Wells, John R., and Benjamin Weinstock. "Rechargeable Batteries, 2017: Gigafactory Wars in the Offing?" Harvard Business School Case 720-371, November 2019.
      • August 2019
      • Case

      The United States and Russia: Gas Rivals in Europe?

      By: Rawi Abdelal, Galit Goldstein and Paul Apostolicas
      Though the shale revolution transformed the U.S. into the largest producer of petroleum products, it was unclear how much success American exporters would find selling liquefied natural gas on the European energy market. Gazprom, the state-controlled Russian energy...  View Details
      Keywords: Gas Pipelines; Natural Gas; Lng; Strategic Analysis; Strategic Behavior; Energy Markets; Entrepreneurial Financing; Entrepreneurial Risk; Entrepreneurial Ventures; Entrepreneurial Selling; Energy; Energy Sources; Entrepreneurship; Market Entry and Exit; Marketing Strategy; Price; Energy Industry; Russia; United States; Europe; European Union
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      Abdelal, Rawi, Galit Goldstein, and Paul Apostolicas. "The United States and Russia: Gas Rivals in Europe?" Harvard Business School Case 720-006, August 2019.
      • June 2019
      • Teaching Note

      CEWD: Closing the Skills Gap

      By: William R. Kerr and Ted Smalley Bowen
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 818-081. The teaching note presents background, case details, and teaching strategies, along with board plans and supporting graphics.  View Details
      Keywords: Competency and Skills; Training; Demographics; Economics; Education; Energy; Jobs and Positions; Intellectual Property; Labor; Knowledge; Leadership; Management; Marketing; Organizations; Outcome or Result; Performance; Personal Development and Career; Projects; Relationships; Risk and Uncertainty; Science; Technology; Energy Industry; North and Central America
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      Kerr, William R., and Ted Smalley Bowen. "CEWD: Closing the Skills Gap." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 819-133, June 2019.
      • June 2019
      • Case

      The Shale Revolution: America's Energy Independence?

      By: Richard H.K. Vietor and Howaida Kamel
      The shale revolution has upended oil and gas markets for nearly a decade and has positioned the U.S. to become a net energy exporter by 2020. Technological improvements pushed productivity forward which has had positive overall positive affects for the U.S. economy....  View Details
      Keywords: Shale Oil; Shale Gas; Lng; Energy Policy; Drilling Technology; Energy; Trade; Economics; Macroeconomics; Policy; Energy Industry; Manufacturing Industry; United States; Middle East
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      Vietor, Richard H.K., and Howaida Kamel. "The Shale Revolution: America's Energy Independence?" Harvard Business School Case 719-076, June 2019.
      • January 2019 (Revised December 2019)
      • Case

      CrossBoundary Energy

      By: John Macomber
      Almost 500 million people are without electricity in sub-Saharan Africa. Governments and public utilities are challenged to bring generation and distribution to most of them. Considerable promise exists in “off-grid” or “mini-grid” technologies, notably using renewable...  View Details
      Keywords: Energy Investing; Economic Development; Renewable Energy; Business Growth and Maturation; Developing Countries and Economies; Project Finance; Emerging Markets; Industry Structures; Infrastructure; Segmentation; Private Equity; Decision Choices and Conditions; Energy Industry; Utilities Industry; Africa; Tanzania; Ghana
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      Macomber, John. "CrossBoundary Energy." Harvard Business School Case 219-089, January 2019. (Revised December 2019.)
      • December 2018 (Revised January 2021)
      • Case

      Bulb 2015: Foundation

      By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
      This is the first case in a three-case series on Bulb Energy Ltd. It is followed by “Bulb 2017: Launch” (719-441) and “Bulb 2018: Rapid Growth” (719-442). It describes the foundation of Bulb, a renewable energy supplier entering the highly competitive UK market in...  View Details
      Keywords: Green Energy; Start-up; Launch; Customer Acquisition; Customer Churn; Customer Engagement; Electricity; Resources; Growth Strategy; B-corp; Renewable Energy; Business Startups; Business Plan; Business Model; Working Capital; Customers; Growth and Development Strategy; United Kingdom
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      Wells, John R., and Benjamin Weinstock. "Bulb 2015: Foundation." Harvard Business School Case 719-440, December 2018. (Revised January 2021.)
      • December 2018 (Revised January 2021)
      • Supplement

      Bulb 2017: Launch

      By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
      This is the second case in a three-case series on Bulb Energy Ltd. It comes after “Bulb 2015: Foundation” (719-440) and is followed by “Bulb 2018: Rapid Growth” (719-442). It describes the launch of Bulb, a renewable energy supplier entering the highly competitive UK...  View Details
      Keywords: Green Energy; Start-up; Launch; Customer Acquisition; Customer Churn; Customer Engagement; Electricity; Resources; Growth Strategy; B-corp; Renewable Energy; Business Startups; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Model; Working Capital; Product Launch; Customers; Growth Management; Business Plan; Decision Making; United Kingdom
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      Wells, John R., and Benjamin Weinstock. "Bulb 2017: Launch." Harvard Business School Supplement 719-441, December 2018. (Revised January 2021.)
      • December 2018 (Revised January 2021)
      • Supplement

      Bulb 2018: Rapid Growth

      By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
      This is the third case in a three-case series on Bulb Energy Ltd. It follows “Bulb 2015: Foundation” (719-440) and “Bulb 2017: Launch” (719-441). After a wild and volatile year, Bulb, a new entrant in the UK residential energy market, ended March 2018 with 329,127...  View Details
      Keywords: Rapid Growth Stage; Green Energy; Start-up; Customer Acquisition; Customer Churn; Customer Engagement; Electricity; Resources; Growth Strategy; B-corp; Renewable Energy; Business Startups; Growth and Development Strategy; Business Model; Working Capital; Customers; Growth Management; Finance; Decision Making; United Kingdom
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      Wells, John R., and Benjamin Weinstock. "Bulb 2018: Rapid Growth." Harvard Business School Supplement 719-442, December 2018. (Revised January 2021.)
      • December 2018
      • Background Note

      Making UK Energy Smarter

      By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
      This case describes the history of the United Kingdom's domestic energy industry and the country's efforts to create a more competitive, greener, and distributed power sector. On July 24, 2017, the United Kingdom government and the industry regulator, the Office of Gas...  View Details
      Keywords: Energy Policy; Regulation; Energy Markets; Subsidies; Oligopolistic Competition; Barriers To Entry; Wholesale; Electric Vehicle; Batteries; Energy Storage; Competition Policy; Energy; Policy; Renewable Energy; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Vertical Integration; Competition; Market Entry and Exit; Disruption; Energy Industry; United Kingdom
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      Wells, John R., and Benjamin Weinstock. "Making UK Energy Smarter." Harvard Business School Background Note 719-438, December 2018.
      • December 2018
      • Case

      First Utility Ltd.

      By: John R. Wells and Benjamin Weinstock
      At the end of 2017 First Utility Ltd. was the largest of the middle-tier domestic energy suppliers in the United Kingdom, serving 808,000 of the country’s 27 million households with electricity and gas. In Q1 2017 First Utility captured 3% market share. The company had...  View Details
      Keywords: Rapid Growth Stage; Power/energy; Energy Efficiency Standards; Energy; Competition; Diversification; Acquisition; Expansion; Growth Management; Energy Industry; United Kingdom
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      Wells, John R., and Benjamin Weinstock. "First Utility Ltd." Harvard Business School Case 719-425, December 2018.
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      Government Policy and Energy Markets: A Review Essay
      Contractual Innovation in the U.K. Energy Markets: Enron Europe, The Eastern Group, and the Sutton Bridge Project (TN)
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