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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (394)
      • Faculty Publications  (28)

      Energy Efficiency Remove Energy Efficiency →

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      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Advances in Power-to-Gas Technologies: Cost and Conversion Efficiency

      By: Gunther Glenk, Philip Holler and Stefan Reichelstein
      Widespread adoption of hydrogen as an energy carrier is widely believed to require continued advances in Power-to-Gas (PtG) technologies. Here we provide a comprehensive assessment of the dynamics of system prices and conversion efficiency for three currently prevalent...  View Details
      Keywords: Clean Tech; Decarbonization; Carbon Emissions; Learning By Doing; Environment; Energy; Environmental Management; Sustainable Cities; Price; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Europe; North America; South America; Africa; Asia
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      Glenk, Gunther, Philip Holler, and Stefan Reichelstein. "Advances in Power-to-Gas Technologies: Cost and Conversion Efficiency." TRR 266 Accounting for Transparency Working Paper Series, No. 109, December 2022.
      • March 2022
      • Case

      Unilever: Remote Work in Manufacturing

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury and Susie L. Ma
      In December 2021, Unilever—one of the world’s largest producers of consumer goods—was in the midst of a pilot project to digitize its manufacturing facilities and enable remote work for factory employees. This was possible because of an earlier project to retrofit a...  View Details
      Keywords: Change; Globalization; Information Technology; Technology Adoption; Human Resources; Jobs and Positions; Operations; Education; Training; Manufacturing Industry
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, and Susie L. Ma. "Unilever: Remote Work in Manufacturing." Harvard Business School Case 622-030, March 2022.
      • 2022
      • Case

      Mandalay Homes: Building Sustainable Innovation in Residential Construction

      By: Andrew J. Hoffman
      Mandalay Homes, a home builder based in northern Arizona, is a market leader in energy efficiency based construction. The company is now at a crossroads for developing a strategy for the future. Internal leadership is in agreement that quality is better than quantity...  View Details
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      Hoffman, Andrew J. "Mandalay Homes: Building Sustainable Innovation in Residential Construction." William Davidson Institute Case 2-070-379, 2022.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Do Markets Reduce Prices? Evidence from the Electricity Sector

      By: Alexander MacKay and Ignacia Mercadal
      We construct a novel dataset on electricity generation, wholesale transactions, and retail sales to assess the shift from cost-of-service regulation to deregulated, market-based prices in the context of the U.S. electricity sector. Consistent with earlier studies, we...  View Details
      Keywords: Deregulation; Market Power; Markups; Prices; Electricity; Energy; Markets; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Price; Utilities Industry
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      MacKay, Alexander, and Ignacia Mercadal. "Do Markets Reduce Prices? Evidence from the Electricity Sector." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-095, February 2021. (Revised June 2023. Direct download.)
      • March 1, 2021
      • Article

      Transitioning to Clean Energy Transportation Services: Life-cycle Cost Analysis for Vehicle Fleets

      By: Stephen Comello, Gunther Glenk and Stefan Reichelstein
      Comprehensive global decarbonization requires that transportation services cease to rely on fossil fuels for power generation. This paper develops a generic, time-driven life-cycle cost model for mobility services to address two closely related questions central to the...  View Details
      Keywords: Decarbonization; Electric Vehicles; Renewable Energy; Biofuel; Carbon Emissions; Mobility; Batteries; Energy; Environmental Management; Environmental Accounting; Transportation; Operations; Management; Sustainable Cities; Decision Making; Investment; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Europe; North America; South America; Africa; Asia
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      Comello, Stephen, Gunther Glenk, and Stefan Reichelstein. "Transitioning to Clean Energy Transportation Services: Life-cycle Cost Analysis for Vehicle Fleets." Art. 116408. Applied Energy 285 (March 1, 2021).
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The ESG-Innovation Disconnect: Evidence from Green Patenting

      By: Lauren Cohen, Umit G. Gurun and Quoc H. Nguyen
      No firm or sector of the global economy is untouched by innovation. In equilibrium, innovators will flock to (and innovation will occur where) the returns to innovative capital are the highest. In this paper, we document a strong empirical pattern in green patent...  View Details
      Keywords: ESG (Environmental, Social, Governance) Performance; Investment; Decision Making; Policy; Energy; Green Technology; Technological Innovation; Patents
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      Cohen, Lauren, Umit G. Gurun, and Quoc H. Nguyen. "The ESG-Innovation Disconnect: Evidence from Green Patenting." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 27990, October 2020. (Winner of the Fordham University Gabelli School of Business – PVH Corp. Global Thought Leadership Grant on Corporate Social Responsibility, 2020.)
      • January 2020 (Revised January 2020)
      • Case

      Governing PG&E

      By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
      The five commissioners of the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) listened intently at a public forum in April 2019 as PG&E Corporation’s out-going chairman Richard Kelly described the company’s proposed new board. PG&E, which provided electricity and natural...  View Details
      Keywords: Bankruptcy; Board Of Directors; Board Dynamics; Business Ethics; Business Model Innovation; Corporate Boards; Energy Efficiency; Environmental And Social Sustainability; Government And Business; Hedge Funds; Institutional Investors; Legal Aspects Of Business; Regulated Monopolies; Regulation; Shareholders; Stakeholder Management; Strategy And Execution; Utilities; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Governing and Advisory Boards; Ethics; Capital Structure; Climate Change; Corporate Accountability; Corporate Governance; Environmental Sustainability; Executive Compensation; Leadership; Management; Safety; Business and Government Relations; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; California; United States
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      Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "Governing PG&E." Harvard Business School Case 320-024, January 2020. (Revised January 2020.)
      • October 2019
      • Case

      Leading Bank Leumi into the Future

      By: Joshua D. Margolis, Allison M. Ciechanover, Nicole Keller and Danielle Golan
      An unlikely but highly effective leader of a traditional bank, Rakefet Russak-Aminoach, simultaneously leads a classic change effort and an unconventional effort to innovate. She focuses her initial energy on making the bank more efficient in the face of industry...  View Details
      Keywords: Mobile Banking; Digital Banking; Fintech; Startup; Financial Services; Artificial Intelligence; Innovation; Efficiency; Organizational Change; Personal Development; Female Ceo; Banks and Banking; Mobile and Wireless Technology; Leadership; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Innovation and Invention; Disruption; Information Technology; Opportunities; Performance Effectiveness; Personal Development and Career; AI and Machine Learning; Financial Services Industry; Banking Industry; Israel
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      Margolis, Joshua D., Allison M. Ciechanover, Nicole Keller, and Danielle Golan. "Leading Bank Leumi into the Future." Harvard Business School Case 420-063, October 2019.
      • March 2019
      • Article

      Economics of Converting Renewable Power to Hydrogen

      By: Gunther Glenk and Stefan Reichelstein
      The recent sharp decline in the cost of renewable energy suggests that the production of hydrogen from renewable power through a power-to-gas process might become more economical. Here we examine this alternative from the perspective of an investor who considers a...  View Details
      Keywords: Sustainability; Clean Technology; Renewable Energy; Energy Storage; Sustainability Management; Sustainable Business; Synergies; Green Hydrogen; Green Technology; Environment; Decarbonization; Carbon Emissions; Carbon Abatement; Energy; Accounting; Decision Making; Economics; Environmental Management; Growth and Development; Management; Operations; Science; Transportation; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Africa; Asia; Europe; North and Central America; South America; Middle East
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      Glenk, Gunther, and Stefan Reichelstein. "Economics of Converting Renewable Power to Hydrogen." Nature Energy 4, no. 3 (March 2019): 216–222.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Ratcheting, Competition, and the Diffusion of Technological Change: The Case of Televisions Under an Energy Efficiency Program

      By: Tomomichi Amano and Hiroshi Ohashi
      In differentiated goods markets with societal implications, quality standards are commonly implemented to avoid the under-provision of innovation. Firms have clear incentives to engage in strategic behavior because policymakers use market outcomes as a benchmark in...  View Details
      Keywords: Product Differentiation; Energy Efficiency Standards; Ratcheting; Diffusion Of Innovation; Technological Innovation; Competition; Quality; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Policy
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      Amano, Tomomichi, and Hiroshi Ohashi. "Ratcheting, Competition, and the Diffusion of Technological Change: The Case of Televisions Under an Energy Efficiency Program." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-021, September 2018.
      • January 2018
      • Case

      Environmental Technology Fund Partners and E-Leather

      By: Vikram S. Gandhi and Aldo Sesia
      It is 2014 and Environmental Technologies Fund (ETF) Partners, a UK-based venture capital firm, has an opportunity to invest in a privately held UK company that manufactured engineered composition leather extracted from waste leather using an environmentally friendly...  View Details
      Keywords: Sustainability; Venture Capital; Investment Strategy; Investment; Strategy; Ownership; Valuation; Energy Conservation; Equity; Technological Innovation; Environmental Sustainability; Performance Efficiency; Manufacturing Industry; Financial Services Industry; United Kingdom
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      Gandhi, Vikram S., and Aldo Sesia. "Environmental Technology Fund Partners and E-Leather." Harvard Business School Case 318-001, January 2018.
      • April 2017
      • Article

      The Effectiveness of U.S. Energy Efficiency Building Labels

      By: Omar Isaac Asensio and Magali A Delmas
      Information programs are promising strategies to encourage investments in energy efficiency in commercial buildings. However, the realized effectiveness of these programs has not yet been estimated on a large scale. Here we take advantage of a large sample of monthly...  View Details
      Keywords: Energy Conservation; Green Building; Energy Policy
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      Asensio, Omar Isaac, and Magali A Delmas. "The Effectiveness of U.S. Energy Efficiency Building Labels." Art. 17033. Nature Energy 2, no. 4 (April 2017).
      • September 2016 (Revised September 2016)
      • Case

      Spectio: A Digital Lighting Company

      By: Rajiv Lal and Sarah McAra
      Spectio Tech, founded in 2005, developed and implemented intelligent LED lighting solutions for the industrial market. Sensors and wireless connectivity embedded in its LED fixtures not only significantly reduced lighting-related energy use—by up to 90% in some...  View Details
      Keywords: Internet Of Things; IoT; LED Lighting; Start-up; Energy Efficiency; Information Technology; Technology Adoption; Technological Innovation; Business Startups; Internet and the Web
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      Lal, Rajiv, and Sarah McAra. "Spectio: A Digital Lighting Company." Harvard Business School Case 517-002, September 2016. (Revised September 2016.)
      • February 2016 (Revised February 2017)
      • Case

      Greening Walmart: Progress and Controversy

      By: Rebecca Henderson and James Weber
      In 2005, Walmart, the world’s largest retailer, launched a sustainability initiative aimed at reducing waste and making the company more environmentally and socially conscious. By 2015, the company had made progress on multiple dimensions: energy efficiency in its...  View Details
      Keywords: Sustainability; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business or Company Management; Motivation and Incentives; Reputation; Environmental Sustainability; Retail Industry; United States
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      Henderson, Rebecca, and James Weber. "Greening Walmart: Progress and Controversy." Harvard Business School Case 316-042, February 2016. (Revised February 2017.)
      • January 2016
      • Teaching Note

      Groom Energy Solutions: Selling Efficiency

      By: Michael W. Toffel, Kira Fabrizio and Stephanie van Sice
      This case examines a start-up service provider that helps clients improve the energy efficiency of their factories, warehouses, and commercial and office spaces by integrating and installing lighting, heating, and cooling technologies. The company seeks to double...  View Details
      Keywords: Energy Efficiency; Energy Efficiency Paradox; Environment; Environmental Strategy; Growth; Energy; Energy Conservation; Entrepreneurship; Environmental Sustainability; Energy Industry
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      Toffel, Michael W., Kira Fabrizio, and Stephanie van Sice. "Groom Energy Solutions: Selling Efficiency." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 616-023, January 2016.
      • September 2014 (Revised April 2016)
      • Case

      Cree Inc.: Introducing the LED Light Bulb

      By: John Gourville and Michael Norris
      Cree, a North Carolina-based maker of light emitting diodes (LEDs), has just introduced its first consumer product—an LED light bulb. It is designed as an energy efficient replacement for the ubiquitous incandescent light bulb. But given that it is an unfamiliar...  View Details
      Keywords: Marketing; Innovation; Product Adoption; Technological Innovation; Technology Adoption; Energy Conservation; Product Launch; Consumer Products Industry; North Carolina
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      Gourville, John, and Michael Norris. "Cree Inc.: Introducing the LED Light Bulb." Harvard Business School Case 515-026, September 2014. (Revised April 2016.)
      • September 2013 (Revised August 2015)
      • Background Note

      Leadership and Teaming

      By: Ethan Bernstein
      Small differences in the leadership of teams can have large consequences for the success of their efforts. Many initiatives fail not because of a fatal error in judgment or insufficient ideas, knowledge, motivation, or capabilities to deliver a solution. They fail...  View Details
      Keywords: Teams; Teaming; Leadership And Managing People; Leadership; Team Effectiveness; Team Performance; Team Design; Team Leadership; Teamwork; Team Process; Team Function; Team Launch; 60/30/10 Rule; Team Boundary; Distribution Of Leadership Authority; Self-Managed Teams; Virtual Teams; Unbounded Teams; Acts Of Leadership; Execution Teams; Decision Making Teams; Creativity Teams; Team Size; Task Design; Team Timeline; Team Roles; Team Representation; Diversity; Team Familiarity; Collective Intelligence; Team Stages Of Development; Team Coaching; Performance Pressure; X-Teams; Team Focus; Interaction; Management Teams; Managerial Roles; Management Systems; Management Style; Management Skills; Management Practices and Processes; Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Performance Effectiveness; Performance Efficiency; Performance Productivity; Groups and Teams; Networks; Social Psychology; Behavior; Conflict and Resolution; Creativity; Social and Collaborative Networks; Satisfaction; Prejudice and Bias; Power and Influence; Personal Characteristics; Familiarity; Cognition and Thinking; Attitudes; Projects; Organizational Culture; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Leadership Development; Leadership Style; Leading Change; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Knowledge Sharing; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Management; Innovation Leadership; Design; Interpersonal Communication; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Asia; North and Central America; South America; Atlantic Ocean; Central Asia; Europe; Latin America; Middle East; Oceania; West Indies
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      Bernstein, Ethan. "Leadership and Teaming." Harvard Business School Background Note 414-033, September 2013. (Revised August 2015.)
      • August 2013 (Revised January 2016)
      • Case

      Sustainability at Siemens

      By: V. Kasturi Rangan, Amy C. Edmondson, Daniela Beyersdorfer and Emer Moloney
      Describes sustainability efforts at Siemens since arrival of Chief Sustainability Officer, Barbara Kux, in 2008. Asks students to evaluate success of those efforts and outline what the company should do going forward.  View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Sustainability; Energy Efficiency; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Change Management; Supply Chain Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Energy Conservation; Environmental Sustainability; Gender; Electronics Industry
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      Rangan, V. Kasturi, Amy C. Edmondson, Daniela Beyersdorfer, and Emer Moloney. "Sustainability at Siemens." Harvard Business School Case 514-026, August 2013. (Revised January 2016.)
      • February 2013 (Revised December 2015)
      • Case

      Groom Energy Solutions: Selling Efficiency

      By: Michael W. Toffel, Kira R. Fabrizio and Stephanie van Sice
      Groom Energy Solutions helps organizations reduce their energy use and costs through the implementation of energy efficiency measures, which create long-term financial and environmental benefits. With early success serving customers in the cold storage and industrial...  View Details
      Keywords: Groom Energy Solutions; Jon Guerster; Salem, MA; Energy Management; Energy Efficiency Paradox; Sustainability Management; Manufacturing; Cold Storage; Commercial Real Estate; Enterprise Smart Grid; Carbon Accounting; LED Lighting; Sustainability Research; Entrepreneurship; Environmental Entrepreneurship; Energy Entrepreneurship; Energy Services; Electricity; Startup; Expansion; Growth; Sustainability; Business Startups; Forecasting and Prediction; Energy Conservation; Revenue; Geographic Location; Human Resources; Management; Growth and Development Strategy; Market Entry and Exit; Operations; Service Delivery; Strategic Planning; Science; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Society; Social Issues; Technology Adoption; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; Energy Industry; United States; Boston
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      Toffel, Michael W., Kira R. Fabrizio, and Stephanie van Sice. "Groom Energy Solutions: Selling Efficiency." Harvard Business School Case 613-054, February 2013. (Revised December 2015.)
      • June 2012
      • Teaching Note

      Edward Lundberg and the Rockville Building: Energy Efficiency Finance in Commercial Real Estate (TN)

      By: John D. Macomber and Annelena Lobb
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      Macomber, John D., and Annelena Lobb. "Edward Lundberg and the Rockville Building: Energy Efficiency Finance in Commercial Real Estate (TN) ." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 212-076, June 2012.
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