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    • All HBS Web  (2,692)
      • Faculty Publications  (138)

      Economic Sectors Remove Economic Sectors →

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      Economic Sectors: Articles, Research, & Case Studies on Economic Sectors – HBS Working Knowledge
      Skip to Main Content Cold Call A podcast featuring faculty discussing cases they've written and the lessons they impart. Subscribe on iTunes 29 Sep...
      Business and Low Income Sectors: The Creation of Economic and Social Value
      → Search All HBS Web
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The Market for Healthcare in Low Income Countries

      By: Reshmaan Hussam, Abhijit Banerjee, Jishnu Das, Jeffrey Hammer and Aakash Mohpal
      New research clearly identifies trust as an important driver of the demand for healthcare. However, doctors who realize that patients may not trust them may also alter their behavior in response. We assemble a large dataset that assesses clinical performance using...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care And Treatment; Quality; Developing Countries And Economies; Trust
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      Hussam, Reshmaan, Abhijit Banerjee, Jishnu Das, Jeffrey Hammer, and Aakash Mohpal. "The Market for Healthcare in Low Income Countries." Working Paper, December 2020.
      • Article

      Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents

      By: David Autor, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Gary P. Pisano and Pian Shu
      Manufacturing accounts for more than three-quarters of U.S. corporate patents. The competitive shock to this sector emanating from China's economic ascent could in theory either augment or stifle U.S. innovation. Using three decades of U.S. patents matched to corporate...  View Details
      Keywords: Patents; Production; Trade; Competition; Innovation And Invention; United States
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      Autor, David, David Dorn, Gordon H. Hanson, Gary P. Pisano, and Pian Shu. "Foreign Competition and Domestic Innovation: Evidence from U.S. Patents." American Economic Review: Insights 2, no. 3 (September 2020): 357–374.
      • July 2020
      • Teaching Note

      COVID-19: The Global Shutdown

      By: Laura Alfaro and Sarah Jeong
      In the first months of 2020, a pandemic overwhelmed the world. COVID-19, commonly known as the coronavirus, spread from China and created a severe public health emergency across countries. While an immediate fear of the disease’s impact on human life permeaacted...  View Details
      Keywords: Covid-19; Health Pandemics; Trade; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics; Financial Crisis; Economy; Policy; Governance; economic Systems; economic Slowdown And Stagnation; economic sectors
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Sarah Jeong. "COVID-19: The Global Shutdown." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 321-021, July 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      EMEs and COVID-19: Shutting Down in a World of Informal and Tiny Firms

      By: Laura Alfaro, Oscar Becerra and Marcela Eslava
      Emerging economies are characterized by an extremely high prevalence of informality, small-firm employment and jobs not fit for working from home. These features factor into how the COVID-19 crisis has affected the economy. We develop a framework that, based on...  View Details
      Keywords: Covid-19; Emerging Economies; Informality; Firm-size Distribution; Health Pandemics; Developing Countries And Economies; Economy; System Shocks; Latin America
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      Alfaro, Laura, Oscar Becerra, and Marcela Eslava. "EMEs and COVID-19: Shutting Down in a World of Informal and Tiny Firms." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-125, June 2020. (See application of the methodology to Latin American Countries in the IMF Regional Economic Outlook: Western Hemisphere 2020, Chapter 3. https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/REO/WH/Issues/2020/10/13/regional-economic-outlook-western-hemisphere.)
      • May 2020 (Revised July 2020)
      • Case

      COVID-19: The Global Shutdown

      By: Laura Alfaro and Sarah Jeong
      In the first months of 2020, a pandemic overwhelmed the world. COVID-19, commonly known as the coronavirus, spread from China and created a severe public health emergency across countries. While an immediate fear of the disease’s impact on human life permeated society,...  View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics; Financial Crisis; Economy; economic Systems; economic Slowdown And Stagnation; economic sectors; Health Pandemics
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Sarah Jeong. "COVID-19: The Global Shutdown." Harvard Business School Case 320-108, May 2020. (Revised July 2020.)
      • 2020
      • Chapter

      Health Care Markets a Decade After the ACA: Bigger, but Probably Not Better

      By: Leemore S. Dafny
      Love it or hate it, the Affordable Care Act (ACA) embraced and extended the role of private markets in financing and delivering health care in the United States. Ten years after the ACA’s passage, it is unclear whether health care markets are better (along a range of...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care And Treatment; Markets; Laws And Statutes; Outcome Or Result; Health Industry; United States
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      Dafny, Leemore S. "Health Care Markets a Decade After the ACA: Bigger, but Probably Not Better." Chap. 15 in The Trillion Dollar Revolution: How the Affordable Care Act Transformed Politics, Law, and Health Care in America, edited by Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Abbe R. Gluck. New York: PublicAffairs, 2020.
      • January 23, 2020
      • Article

      Sanctions and the End of Trans-Atlanticism: Iran, Russia, and the Unintended Division of the West

      By: Rawi Abdelal and Aurélie Bros
      Sanctions have become the dominant tool of statecraft in the United States and other Western states, especially the European Union, since the end of the Cold War. But the systematic use of this instrument may produce unintended and somewhat paradoxical geopolitical...  View Details
      Keywords: Geopolitics; Economic Sanctions; International Relations; United States; Russia; Iran; Europe
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      Abdelal, Rawi, and Aurélie Bros. "Sanctions and the End of Trans-Atlanticism: Iran, Russia, and the Unintended Division of the West." Notes de l'Ifri (January 23, 2020). (Also published as "The End of Transatlanticism? How Sanctions Are Dividing the West," Horizons, no. 16 (spring 2020), pp. 114-134.)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Industrial Change, the Boundary of the Firm, and Racial Employment Segregation

      By: John-Paul Ferguson and Rembrand Koning
      Racial employment segregation between large workplaces in America has grown over the last generation. We know little about how changes in patterns of employment by economic sector have contributed to this growth, though. While there are many stylized narratives about...  View Details
      Keywords: Workplace Segregation; Firm Boundaries; Organizations; Employees; Segmentation; Race; Change; United States
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      Ferguson, John-Paul, and Rembrand Koning. "Industrial Change, the Boundary of the Firm, and Racial Employment Segregation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-069, December 2019.
      • January 2020
      • Article

      Gifts of the Immigrants, Woes of the Natives: Lessons from the Age of Mass Migration

      By: Marco Tabellini
      In this paper, I jointly investigate the political and the economic effects of immigration and study the causes of anti-immigrant sentiments. I exploit exogenous variation in European immigration to U.S. cities between 1910 and 1930 induced by World War I and the...  View Details
      Keywords: Political Backlash; Age Of Mass Migration; Cultural Diversity; Immigration; History; Economy; Attitudes; Cross-cultural And Cross-border Issues; Diversity
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      Tabellini, Marco. "Gifts of the Immigrants, Woes of the Natives: Lessons from the Age of Mass Migration." Review of Economic Studies 87, no. 1 (January 2020): 454–486. (Also Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-005, July 2018. Available also from Cato Institute, Microeconomic Insights, VOX, Broadstreet and in Cato Institute.)
      • November 2019 (Revised April 2020)
      • Case

      Danone: Changing the Food System

      By: David E. Bell, Federica Gabrieli and Daniela Beyersdorfer
      Emmanuel Faber, Chairman and CEO of the food and beverage company Danone, believed that humankind had only ten years to bend the curve on climate change and restore the biodiversity that the global food and agricultural ecosystem was critically dependent on. Upon...  View Details
      Keywords: Animal-based Agribusiness; Plant-based Agribusiness; Food; Nutrition; Quality; Business And Stakeholder Relations; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Business Model; Food And Beverage Industry; Agriculture And Agribusiness Industry; France
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      Bell, David E., Federica Gabrieli, and Daniela Beyersdorfer. "Danone: Changing the Food System." Harvard Business School Case 520-053, November 2019. (Revised April 2020.)
      • Article

      Economic Principles for Medicare Reform

      By: Amitabh Chandra and Craig Garthwaite
      In this article, we develop an economic framework for Medicare reform that highlights trade-offs that reform proposals should grapple with but often ignore. Central to our argument is a tension in administratively set prices, which may improve short-term efficiency but...  View Details
      Keywords: Medicare; Value-based Care; Health Care Reform; Markets In Health Care; Health Care And Treatment; Value; Governing Rules, Regulations, And Reforms
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      Chandra, Amitabh, and Craig Garthwaite. "Economic Principles for Medicare Reform." Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 686, no. 1 (November 2019): 63 – 92.
      • 2019
      • Chapter

      Ethical Business, Corruption and Economic Development in Comparative Perspective

      By: Janet Hunter and G. Jones
      This chapter contextualises the drivers of corruption in Turkish business through comparisons with Japan and India in the late 19th century. It identifies the developmental state as a common driver of corruption. Catching up by using extensive state intervention had...  View Details
      Keywords: Corruption; Crime And Corruption; economic Growth; Turkey; Middle East; Central Asia; Japan; India
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      Hunter, Janet, and G. Jones. "Ethical Business, Corruption and Economic Development in Comparative Perspective." Chap. 10 in Business, Ethics and Institutions: The Evolution of Turkish Capitalism in Global Perspectives, edited by Asli M. Colpan and G. Jones, 224–245. New York: Routledge, 2019.
      • 2019
      • White Paper

      Impact-Weighted Financial Accounts: The Missing Piece for an Impact Economy

      By: George Serafeim, T. Robert Zochowski and Jennifer Downing
      Reimagining capitalism is an imperative. We need to create a more inclusive and sustainable form of capitalism that works for every person and the planet. Massive environmental damage, growing income and wealth disparity, stress, and depression within developed...  View Details
      Keywords: Impact-weighted Accounts; Iwai; Background; economic Systems; Economy; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Measurement And Metrics; Financial Statements
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      Serafeim, George, T. Robert Zochowski, and Jennifer Downing. "Impact-Weighted Financial Accounts: The Missing Piece for an Impact Economy." White Paper, Harvard Business School, Boston, MA, September 2019.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Infrastructure and Finance: Evidence from India's GQ Highway Network

      By: Abhiman Das, Ejaz Ghani, Arti Grover, William R. Kerr and Ramana Nanda
      We use the construction of India's Golden Quadrangle (GQ) central highway network, together with comprehensive loan data drawn from the Reserve Bank of India, to investigate the interaction between infrastructure development and financial sector depth. We identify a...  View Details
      Keywords: Infrastructure; Financing And Loans; India
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      Das, Abhiman, Ejaz Ghani, Arti Grover, William R. Kerr, and Ramana Nanda. "Infrastructure and Finance: Evidence from India's GQ Highway Network." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-121, June 2019.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Formal Employment and Organized Crime: Regression Discontinuity Evidence from Colombia

      By: Gaurav Khanna, Carlos Medina, Anant Nyshadham and Jorge Tamayo
      Canonical models of criminal behavior highlight the importance of economic incentives and employment opportunities in determining participation in crime (Becker, 1968). Yet, deriving causal corroborating evidence from individual-level variation in employment incentives...  View Details
      Keywords: Gangs; Informality; Medellí­n; economic sectors; Crime And Corruption; Health Care And Treatment; Policy; Colombia
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      Khanna, Gaurav, Carlos Medina, Anant Nyshadham, and Jorge Tamayo. "Formal Employment and Organized Crime: Regression Discontinuity Evidence from Colombia." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-099, March 2019.
      • 2019
      • Book

      The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power

      By: Shoshana Zuboff
      In this masterwork of original thinking and research, Shoshana Zuboff provides startling insights into the phenomenon that she has named surveillance capitalism. The stakes could not be higher: a global architecture of behavior modification threatens human nature in...  View Details
      Keywords: Consumer Profiling; Consumer Behavior; Forecasting And Prediction; Information Technology; Power And Influence; Ethics; Society; Transformation
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      Zuboff, Shoshana. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power. New York: PublicAffairs, 2019.
      • 2018
      • Article

      Cracking the Organizational Challenge of Pursuing Joint Social and Financial Goals: Social Enterprise as a Laboratory to Understand Hybrid Organizing

      By: Julie Battilana
      While in recent decades the social and business sectors have evolved on fairly separate tracks, today companies are increasingly expected to generate social value in addition to profit. As a result, they also increasingly face the distinct challenge of pursuing social...  View Details
      Keywords: Hybrid Organizations; Hybrid Organizing; Multiple Goals; Social Enterprise; Goals And Objectives; Organizational Design; Organizational Culture
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      Battilana, Julie. "Cracking the Organizational Challenge of Pursuing Joint Social and Financial Goals: Social Enterprise as a Laboratory to Understand Hybrid Organizing." M@n@gement 21, no. 4 (2018): 1278–1305.
      • November 2018 (Revised May 2019)
      • Case

      Almarai Company: Milk and Modernization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

      By: Kristin Fabbe, Safwan Al-Amin, Esel Cekin and Natalie Kindred
      With SAR 14 billion ($3.7 billion) in 2017 revenues, Almarai was Saudi Arabia’s largest dairy producer, distributor, and marketer, with a large portfolio of branded dairy products, juices, bakery goods, and infant formula and a sales presence across the Gulf region,...  View Details
      Keywords: Dairy; Agriculture; Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia; Almarai; Schorderet; Food Security; Public Policy; Self Sufficiency; Gulf; Gcc; Business And Government; Agribusiness; Marketing; Distribution; Change Management; Leading Change; Strategy; Government And Politics; Policy; Diversification; Integration; Horizontal Integration; Vertical Integration; Food; Brands And Branding; Growth And Development Strategy; Business And Government Relations; Agriculture And Agribusiness Industry; Food And Beverage Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Saudi Arabia; Middle East
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      Fabbe, Kristin, Safwan Al-Amin, Esel Cekin, and Natalie Kindred. "Almarai Company: Milk and Modernization in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." Harvard Business School Case 719-020, November 2018. (Revised May 2019.)
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Sustainability and Green Business in Latin America During Globalization Waves

      By: Geoffrey Jones
      This working paper examines the impact of modern business enterprise on the natural environment of Latin America during the globalization waves between the 19th century and the present day. It argues that although global capitalism created much wealth for the region,...  View Details
      Keywords: Globalization; Natural Environment; Outcome Or Result; Business History; Pollutants; Environmental Sustainability; Green Technology Industry; Beauty And Cosmetics Industry; Tourism Industry; Latin America
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      Jones, Geoffrey. "Sustainability and Green Business in Latin America During Globalization Waves." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-009, August 2018.
      • Article

      Space, the Final Economic Frontier

      By: Matthew C. Weinzierl
      After decades of centralized control of economic activity in space, NASA and U.S. policymakers have begun to cede the direction of human activities in space to commercial companies. NASA garnered more than 0.7% of GDP in the mid-1960s but is only around 0.1% of GDP...  View Details
      Keywords: Emerging Markets; economics; Private sector; Aerospace Industry
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      Weinzierl, Matthew C. "Space, the Final Economic Frontier." Journal of Economic Perspectives 32, no. 2 (Spring 2018): 173–192.
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      Economic Sectors: Articles, Research, & Case Studies on Economic Sectors – HBS Working Knowledge
      Skip to Main Content Cold Call A podcast featuring faculty discussing cases they've written and the lessons they impart. Subscribe on iTunes 29 Sep...
      Business and Low Income Sectors: The Creation of Economic and Social Value
      → Search All HBS Web
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