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    • All HBS Web  (4,703)
      • Faculty Publications  (259)

      Economic Models Remove Economic Models →

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      Economic Models for Software Vulnerability Research
      Emerging Economic Models for Vulnerability Research
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      • February 2021
      • Case

      AptDeco: Circular Economy Furniture Marketplace

      By: Ayelet Israeli and Jamie Merkrebs
      AptDeco, a used furniture marketplace was growing rapidly in the tri-state area. The Co-Founders were confident that the business model, financial position, and unit economics positioned AptDeco for scaling in the massive $120 billion furniture market, despite its...  View Details
      Keywords: E-commerce; E-commerce Strategy; Mobile; Digital Marketing; Word-of-mouth; Word-of-mouth Marketing; Word Of Mouth; Internet Marketing; Growth And Development Strategy; Growth Strategy; Platform; Platforms; Two Sided Markets; Two-sided Market; Two-sided Marketplace; Two-sided Markets; Two-sided Platforms; Two-sided Network; Black Entrepreneurs; Black Leadership; African Americans; Circular; Peer-to-peer Markets; Furniture Industry; Furniture; Growth Hacking; Monetization Strategy; Growth Management; Marketing Strategy; Entrepreneurship; Market Platforms; Marketing Channels; Online Advertising; Consumer Behavior; Acquisition; Growth And Development Strategy; Customer Focus And Relationships; Retail Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Technology Industry; Web Services Industry; United States; North America; New York (city, Ny); New York (state, Us)
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      Israeli, Ayelet, and Jamie Merkrebs. "AptDeco: Circular Economy Furniture Marketplace." Harvard Business School Case 521-069, February 2021.
      • Article

      Variety of Innovation in Global Value Chains

      By: Giulio Buciuni and Gary P. Pisano
      This article analyzes how the geography and organization of pre- and production stages in Global Value Chains (GVC) contribute to lead firms' innovation development. A novel approach in GVC studies is introduced based on transaction cost economics (TCE) and the...  View Details
      Keywords: Gvc; Global Value Chains; Manufacturing; Production; Global Range; Innovation And Invention
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      Buciuni, Giulio, and Gary P. Pisano. "Variety of Innovation in Global Value Chains." Art. 101167. Journal of World Business 56, no. 2 (February 2021).
      • January 2021
      • Case

      Digital Transformation 2.0: CEO Elie Girard at Atos

      By: Tsedal Neeley and James Barnett
      Elie Girard has taken the helm as CEO of Atos—multinational IT giant—to lead the company into the next era of digital transformation. Noticing that customers’ digital needs were evolving to become even more specialized and global in scope, he made a bold first step as...  View Details
      Keywords: Restructuring; Change; Leadership; Technology Industry
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      Neeley, Tsedal, and James Barnett. "Digital Transformation 2.0: CEO Elie Girard at Atos." Harvard Business School Case 421-024, January 2021.
      • January 2021
      • Article

      A Model of Relative Thinking

      By: Benjamin Bushong, Matthew Rabin and Joshua Schwartzstein
      Fixed differences loom smaller when compared to large differences. We propose a model of relative thinking where a person weighs a given change along a consumption dimension by less when it is compared to bigger changes along that dimension. In deterministic settings,...  View Details
      Keywords: Relative Thinking; Econometric Models; Behavior; Cognition And Thinking
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      Bushong, Benjamin, Matthew Rabin, and Joshua Schwartzstein. "A Model of Relative Thinking." Review of Economic Studies 88, no. 1 (January 2021): 162–191.
      • January 2021
      • Article

      Using Models to Persuade

      By: Joshua Schwartzstein and Adi Sunderam
      We present a framework where "model persuaders" influence receivers’ beliefs by proposing models that organize past data to make predictions. Receivers are assumed to find models more compelling when they better explain the data, fixing receivers’ prior beliefs. Model...  View Details
      Keywords: Model Persuasion; Data And Data Sets; Forecasting And Prediction; Mathematical Methods; Framework
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      Schwartzstein, Joshua, and Adi Sunderam. "Using Models to Persuade." American Economic Review 111, no. 1 (January 2021): 276–323.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      The Market for Healthcare in Low Income Countries

      By: Reshmaan Hussam, Abhijit Banerjee, Jishnu Das, Jeffrey Hammer and Aakash Mohpal
      New research clearly identifies trust as an important driver of the demand for healthcare. However, doctors who realize that patients may not trust them may also alter their behavior in response. We assemble a large dataset that assesses clinical performance using...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care And Treatment; Quality; Developing Countries And Economies; Trust
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      Hussam, Reshmaan, Abhijit Banerjee, Jishnu Das, Jeffrey Hammer, and Aakash Mohpal. "The Market for Healthcare in Low Income Countries." Working Paper, December 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Party-State Capitalism in China

      By: Margaret Pearson, Meg Rithmire and Kellee Tsai
      The “state capitalism” model, in which the state retains a dominant role as owner or investor-shareholder amidst the presence of markets and private firms, has received increasing attention, with China cited as the main exemplar. Yet as models evolve, so has China’s...  View Details
      Keywords: Capitalism; State Capitalism; economic Systems; China
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      Pearson, Margaret, Meg Rithmire, and Kellee Tsai. "Party-State Capitalism in China." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-065, November 2020.
      • September 2020
      • Case

      Summit Partners: Independent Vetcare

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Terrence Shu
      This case follows Summit Partners, a leading growth equity firm, as it evaluates an investment opportunity in IVC, a veterinary care group in the U.K. market. The case allows students to articulate and evaluate the investment thesis of this transaction. Additionally,...  View Details
      Keywords: Growth Equity; Investment Evaluation; Private Equity; Investment; Decision Making; Valuation
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Terrence Shu. "Summit Partners: Independent Vetcare." Harvard Business School Case 221-024, September 2020.
      • July 2020 (Revised January 2021)
      • Case

      Pattern Brands

      By: Sunil Gupta, Elie Ofek and Julia Kelley
      In March 2020, direct-to-consumer (DTC) company Pattern Brands needed to decide how to allocate resources across its different brands. Pattern Co-Founders Nick Ling and Emmett Shine hoped to avoid the pitfalls faced by some DTC companies—such as inability to scale and...  View Details
      Keywords: Direct-to-consumer; Brands And Branding; Marketing Channels; Marketing Strategy; Product Marketing; Product Launch; Product Positioning; Business model; Business Startups; Growth And Development Strategy; Demand And Consumers; Business Strategy; Diversification; Competitive Advantage; Consumer Products Industry; Retail Industry; North And Central America; United States; New York (city, Ny); New York (state, Us)
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      Gupta, Sunil, Elie Ofek, and Julia Kelley. "Pattern Brands." Harvard Business School Case 521-009, July 2020. (Revised January 2021.)
      • 2020
      • Article

      Making Economics More Useful: How Technological Eclecticism Could Help

      By: Amar Bhidé
      Keynes thought it would be ‘splendid’ if economists became more like dentists. Disciplinary economics has instead become more like physics in focusing on concise, universal propositions verified through decisive tests. This focus, I argue, limits the practical utility...  View Details
      Keywords: Economic Methodology; Simulations; Banking; Regulation; Judgment; economics; Policy
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      Bhidé, Amar. "Making Economics More Useful: How Technological Eclecticism Could Help." Applied Economics 52, no. 26 (2020).
      • May 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Danone: Changing the Food System

      By: David E. Bell, Federica Gabrieli, Daniela Beyersdorfer, Amy Klopfenstein and Aldo Sesia
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 520-053.
      This is a teaching note for the case “Danone: Changing the Food System?” The case examines the efforts of one of the world’s largest food and beverage companies to resolve the social, environmental, and economic issues within its...  View Details
      Keywords: Food; Goods And Commodities; Agribusiness; Animal-based Agribusiness; Plant-based Agribusiness; Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Environmental Management; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Agriculture And Agribusiness Industry; Food And Beverage Industry; Europe; France; Paris
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      Bell, David E., Federica Gabrieli, Daniela Beyersdorfer, Amy Klopfenstein, and Aldo Sesia. "Danone: Changing the Food System." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-066, May 2020.
      • May 2020
      • Article

      Identifying Sources of Inefficiency in Health Care

      By: Amitabh Chandra and Douglas O. Staiger
      In medicine, the reasons for variation in treatment rates across hospitals serving similar patients are not well understood. Some interpret this variation as unwarranted and push standardization of care as a way of reducing allocative inefficiency. However, an...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care And Treatment; Performance Efficiency; Performance Productivity; Mathematical Methods
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      Chandra, Amitabh, and Douglas O. Staiger. "Identifying Sources of Inefficiency in Health Care." Quarterly Journal of Economics 135, no. 2 (May 2020): 785–843.
      • April 2020
      • Case

      Singapore: 'Facing Challenges Together'

      By: Richard H.K. Vietor
      Since its expulsion from Malaysia in 1965, Singapore had transformed itself from a third world island nation into a vibrant city-state with one of the highest levels of GDP per capita in the world. However, sluggish demand among Singapore's major trade partners began...  View Details
      Keywords: Savings; Productivity Growth; Productivity; Economic Institutions; Economic Development; Government And Business; Government Policy; Economic Policy; Country Analysis; Investment And Savings; Institutions; economic Growth; Macroeconomics; Development economics; Investment; Government And Politics; Trade; Policy; Research And Development; Analysis; economics; Business And Government Relations; Asia; Singapore; Southeast Asia
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      Vietor, Richard H.K. "Singapore: 'Facing Challenges Together'." Harvard Business School Case 720-036, April 2020.
      • January 2020
      • Article

      Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and Its Relation to Firm Performance

      By: Ethan Rouen
      I develop measures of firm-level pay disparity and examine their relation to firm performance. Using comprehensive compensation data for a large sample of firms, I find no statistically significant relation between the ratio of CEO-to-mean employee compensation and...  View Details
      Keywords: Pay Disparity; Pay Ratio; Ceo Pay Ratio; Income Inequality; Executive Compensation; Employees; Wages; Equality And Inequality; Business Ventures; Performance
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      Rouen, Ethan. "Rethinking Measurement of Pay Disparity and Its Relation to Firm Performance." Accounting Review 95, no. 1 (January 2020): 343–378.
      • December 2019
      • Case

      Noiler

      By: José B. Alvarez and Natalie Kindred
      In 2019, Nigerian entrepreneur Dr. Ayoola (Ayo) Oduntan is accelerating distribution of Noiler, a genetically optimized breed of poultry, to smallholder farmers across Nigeria. The bird was bred to be productive as a source of both meat and eggs and to thrive in the...  View Details
      Keywords: Social Enterprise; Animal-based Agribusiness; Poverty; Health; Growth And Development Strategy; Nigeria
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      Alvarez, José B., and Natalie Kindred. "Noiler." Harvard Business School Case 520-047, December 2019.
      • November 2019 (Revised June 2020)
      • Case

      Russia: A Drama In Three Acts

      By: Rawi Abdelal, Rafael Di Tella, Galit Goldstein and Sogomon Tarontsi
      The collapse of central authority in the Soviet Union in 1991 ushered in a period of revolutionary transformations for the states that emerged in its wake. The leaders of Russia, the USSR's successor, struggled to reestablish central authority while also seeking to...  View Details
      Keywords: Business & Government Relations; Developing Countries; Government Policy; Policy Change; Policy Making; economic Systems; economics; Globalization; Emerging Markets; Privatization; Non-renewable Energy; Governance; Global Strategy; Corporate Governance; Policy; Business History; Lawfulness; Problems And Challenges; Business And Government Relations; Risk And Uncertainty; Strategy; Change Management; Russia; Moscow
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      Abdelal, Rawi, Rafael Di Tella, Galit Goldstein, and Sogomon Tarontsi. "Russia: A Drama In Three Acts." Harvard Business School Case 720-020, November 2019. (Revised June 2020.)
      • November 2019 (Revised April 2020)
      • Case

      Danone: Changing the Food System

      By: David E. Bell, Federica Gabrieli and Daniela Beyersdorfer
      Emmanuel Faber, Chairman and CEO of the food and beverage company Danone, believed that humankind had only ten years to bend the curve on climate change and restore the biodiversity that the global food and agricultural ecosystem was critically dependent on. Upon...  View Details
      Keywords: Animal-based Agribusiness; Plant-based Agribusiness; Food; Nutrition; Quality; Business And Stakeholder Relations; Environmental Sustainability; Climate Change; Business model; Food And Beverage Industry; Agriculture And Agribusiness Industry; France
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      Bell, David E., Federica Gabrieli, and Daniela Beyersdorfer. "Danone: Changing the Food System." Harvard Business School Case 520-053, November 2019. (Revised April 2020.)
      • November 2019
      • Article

      Full Substitutability

      By: John William Hatfield, Scott Duke Kominers, Alexandru Nichifor, Michael Ostrovsky and Alexander Westkamp
      Various forms of substitutability are essential for establishing the existence of equilibria and other useful properties in diverse settings such as matching, auctions, and exchange economies with indivisible goods. We extend earlier models’ definitions of...  View Details
      Keywords: Substitutability; Mathematical Methods; Auctions; Market Design
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      Hatfield, John William, Scott Duke Kominers, Alexandru Nichifor, Michael Ostrovsky, and Alexander Westkamp. "Full Substitutability." Theoretical Economics 14, no. 4 (November 2019): 1535–1590.
      • October 2019
      • Case

      Agility Africa

      By: Juan Alcacer, Caroline M. Elkins and Esel Çekin
      This case illustrates the challenge and opportunities that firms face when developing and executing new business models in high-risk, low-infrastructure, low-trust countries. It features a global logistics group, Agility, that aimed to become the leader in supplying...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; Business model; Innovation And Invention; Expansion; Emerging Markets; Decision Choices And Conditions; Real Estate Industry; Distribution Industry; Africa
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      Alcacer, Juan, Caroline M. Elkins, and Esel Çekin. "Agility Africa." Harvard Business School Case 720-357, October 2019.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Collusion in Brokered Markets

      By: John William Hatfield, Scott Duke Kominers and Richard Lowery
      The U.S. residential real estate agency market presents a puzzle for economic theory: commissions on real estate transactions have remained high for decades even though entry is frequent and costs are low. We model the real estate agency market, and other brokered...  View Details
      Keywords: Real Estate; "repeated Games"; Collusion; Antitrust; Brokered Markets; Game Theory; Real Estate Industry
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      Hatfield, John William, Scott Duke Kominers, and Richard Lowery. "Collusion in Brokered Markets." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-023, September 2019. (Revised July 2020.)
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