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Publications

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    • All HBS Web  (553)
      • Faculty Publications  (41)

      Dominant Individual Rationality Remove Dominant Individual Rationality →

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      • 2022
      • Report

      The First Four Healthy Building Strategies Every Building Should Pursue to Reduce Risk from COVID-19

      By: Joseph G. Allen, Emily Jones, Marissa V. Rainbolt, Linsey C. Marr, David Michaels, Leslie R. Cadet, Shelly L. Miller, Meira Levinson, Lidia Morawska, Richard L. Corsi, Nira R. Pollock, Yuguo Li, Alasdair P.S. Munro, Kelly Grier, Qingyan Chen, John D. Macomber and Xiaodong Cao
      Understanding of the most probable transmission routes and identifying the risk environments for disease spread should always be among the first critical steps in the response to future disease threats. This is one of the most vital public health lessons of the...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Pandemics; Buildings and Facilities; Risk and Uncertainty; Health Industry; Education Industry; Real Estate Industry
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      Allen, Joseph G., Emily Jones, Marissa V. Rainbolt, Linsey C. Marr, David Michaels, Leslie R. Cadet, Shelly L. Miller, Meira Levinson, Lidia Morawska, Richard L. Corsi, Nira R. Pollock, Yuguo Li, Alasdair P.S. Munro, Kelly Grier, Qingyan Chen, John D. Macomber, and Xiaodong Cao. "The First Four Healthy Building Strategies Every Building Should Pursue to Reduce Risk from COVID-19." Report, Lancet COVID-19 Commission, Task Force on Safe School, Safe Work, Safe Travel, July 2022. (COVID-19 Commission.)
      • June 2021
      • Article

      Making Marketplaces Safe: Dominant Individual Rationality and Applications to Market Design

      By: Benjamin N. Roth and Ran I. Shorrer
      Often market designers cannot force agents to join a marketplace rather than using pre-existing institutions. We propose a new desideratum for marketplace design that guarantees the safety of participation: Dominant Individual Rationality (DIR). A marketplace is DIR if...  View Details
      Keywords: Dominant Individual Rationality; Market Design; Safety
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      Roth, Benjamin N., and Ran I. Shorrer. "Making Marketplaces Safe: Dominant Individual Rationality and Applications to Market Design." Management Science 67, no. 6 (June 2021).
      • April 2020
      • Background Note

      U.S. Food Retail During the Pandemic: March 2020

      By: José B. Alvarez and Natalie Kindred
      This note, written in late March 2020 and mainly U.S. focused, looks at the unfolding impact of the coronavirus pandemic on food retailers and their suppliers. It allows student to consider the challenges facing food retail executives as they navigate urgent supply...  View Details
      Keywords: Coronavirus Pandemic; Risk and Uncertainty; Risk Management; Food; Supply Chain; Consumer Behavior; Demand and Consumers; Trade; Crisis Management; Health Pandemics; Food and Beverage Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Retail Industry; United States
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      Alvarez, José B., and Natalie Kindred. "U.S. Food Retail During the Pandemic: March 2020." Harvard Business School Background Note 520-098, April 2020.
      • Article

      Relational Reconciliation: Socializing Others Across Demographic Differences

      By: Lakshmi Ramarajan and Erin M. Reid
      In demographically diverse organizations, employees charged with socializing others— socialization agents—must navigate a deep tension between the organization’s needs to integrate individuals into a collective and individuals’ needs for recognition of their unique...  View Details
      Keywords: Diversity; Organizational Culture; Identity; Employees
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      Ramarajan, Lakshmi, and Erin M. Reid. "Relational Reconciliation: Socializing Others Across Demographic Differences." Academy of Management Journal 63, no. 2 (April 2020): 356–385.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      The purpose of this chapter is to explain what the technologies of flow production with stochastic bottlenecks require and reward in organizations. I argue that organizations successfully implementing these technologies are likely to have unified governance and...  View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Organizational Design; Management Teams; Business History
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-033, September 2019.
      • June 2019
      • Article

      Brokers vs. Retail Investors: Conflicting Interests and Dominated Products

      By: Mark Egan
      I study how brokers distort household investment decisions. Using a novel convertible bond dataset, I find that consumers often purchase dominated bonds—cheap and expensive versions of otherwise identical bonds coexist in the market. The empirical evidence suggests...  View Details
      Keywords: Brokers; Fiduciary Standard; Consumer Finance; Structured Products; Household; Investment; Decisions; Motivation and Incentives; Conflict of Interests
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      Egan, Mark. "Brokers vs. Retail Investors: Conflicting Interests and Dominated Products." Journal of Finance 74, no. 3 (June 2019): 1217–1260.
      • January 2019
      • Case

      Capitalism, Entrepreneurship and Responsibility

      By: Geoffrey Jones
      This case contains excerpts from prominent business leaders and others expressing their views on the responsibilities, if any, of business leaders to other stakeholders in society. It begins with an excerpt from Andrew Carnegie, the nineteenth century steel magnate, in...  View Details
      Keywords: Capitalism; Entrepreneurship; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Leadership; Attitudes; Perspective
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      Jones, Geoffrey. "Capitalism, Entrepreneurship and Responsibility." Harvard Business School Case 319-081, January 2019.
      • February 2018
      • Article

      Financial Disclosure and Market Transparency with Costly Information Processing

      By: Marco Di Maggio and Marco Pagano
      We study a model where some investors (“hedgers”) are bad at information processing, while others (“speculators”) have superior information-processing ability and trade purely to exploit it. The disclosure of financial information induces a trade externality: if...  View Details
      Keywords: Financial Disclosure; Information Processing; Liquidity; Market Transparency; Rational Inattention; Information; Financial Liquidity; Knowledge Use and Leverage; Corporate Disclosure; Financial Markets; Investment
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      Di Maggio, Marco, and Marco Pagano. "Financial Disclosure and Market Transparency with Costly Information Processing." Review of Finance 22, no. 1 (February 2018): 117–153.
      • August 2017 (Revised March 2020)
      • Case

      Flex Hungary: Launching Production (A)

      By: Willy Shih
      This case examines design choices in the construction of flow lines. Flow lines are a popular way of arranging production because they are simple and inherently efficient. Equipment or workstations are arranged according to the sequence of steps in which a product is...  View Details
      Keywords: Manufacturing; Line-balancing; Flow Line; Conveyor-paced Line; Consumer Goods; Consumer Products; Production Management; Production Planning; Production Scheduling; Operations; Production; Management; Supply Chain; Design; Analysis; Goods and Commodities; Consumer Products Industry; Manufacturing Industry; European Union
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      Shih, Willy. "Flex Hungary: Launching Production (A)." Harvard Business School Case 618-002, August 2017. (Revised March 2020.)
      • July 2017
      • Article

      Inflation Expectations, Learning, and Supermarket Prices: Evidence from Survey Experiments

      By: Alberto Cavallo, Guillermo Cruces and Ricardo Perez-Truglia
      Information frictions play a central role in the formation of household inflation expectations, but there is no consensus about their origins. We address this question with novel evidence from survey experiments. We document two main findings. First, individuals in...  View Details
      Keywords: Inflation Expectations; Survey Experiment; Rational Inattention; Supermarkets; Macroeconomics; Household; Inflation and Deflation; Policy
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      Cavallo, Alberto, Guillermo Cruces, and Ricardo Perez-Truglia. "Inflation Expectations, Learning, and Supermarket Prices: Evidence from Survey Experiments." American Economic Journal: Macroeconomics 9, no. 3 (July 2017): 1–35.
      • Article

      Who Will Vote Quadratically? Voter Turnout and Votes Cast Under Quadratic Voting

      By: Louis Kaplow and Scott Duke Kominers
      Who will vote quadratically in large-N elections under quadratic voting (QV)? First, who will vote? Although the core QV literature assumes that everyone votes, turnout is endogenous. Drawing on other work, we consider the representativeness of endogenously...  View Details
      Keywords: Voting Turnout; Paradox Of Voting; Quadratic Voting; Pivotality; Elections; Voting; Political Elections; Mathematical Methods
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      Kaplow, Louis, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Who Will Vote Quadratically? Voter Turnout and Votes Cast Under Quadratic Voting." Special Issue on Quadratic Voting and the Public Good. Public Choice 172, nos. 1-2 (July 2017): 125–149.
      • 2017
      • Working Paper

      Explaining the Vertical-to-Horizontal Transition in the Computer Industry

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      This paper seeks to explain the technological forces that led to the rise of vertically integrated corporations in the late 19th century and the opposing forces that led to a vertical-to-horizontal transition in the computer industry 100 years later. I first model the...  View Details
      Keywords: Organizational Design; Business History; Vertical Integration; Horizontal Integration; Technology Platform; Computer Industry
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Explaining the Vertical-to-Horizontal Transition in the Computer Industry." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 17-084, March 2017.
      • July–August 2016
      • Article

      How to Pay for Health Care

      By: Michael E. Porter and Robert S. Kaplan
      The United States stands at a crossroads in how to pay for health care. Fee for service, the dominant model in the United States and many other countries, is now widely recognized as perhaps the biggest obstacle to improving health care delivery. A battle is currently...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Finance; Health Industry; United States
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      Porter, Michael E., and Robert S. Kaplan. "How to Pay for Health Care." Harvard Business Review 94, nos. 7-8 (July–August 2016): 88–100.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      Understanding Conformity: An Experimental Investigation

      By: B. Douglas Bernheim and Christine L Exley
      Some theories of conformity hold that social equilibrium either standardizes inferences or promotes a shared understanding of conventions and norms among individuals with fixed heterogeneous preferences (belief mechanisms). Others depict tastes as fluid and hence...  View Details
      Keywords: Conformity; Norms; Image Motivation; Prosocial Behavior; Motivation and Incentives; Behavior; Standards
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      Bernheim, B. Douglas, and Christine L Exley. "Understanding Conformity: An Experimental Investigation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-070, December 2015.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      Blinded by Experience: Prior Experience, Negative News and Belief Updating

      By: Bradley R. Staats, Diwas S. KC and Francesca Gino
      Traditional models of operations management involve dynamic decision-making assuming optimal (Bayesian) updating. However, behavioral theory suggests that individuals exhibit bias in their beliefs and decisions. We conduct both a field study and two laboratory studies...  View Details
      Keywords: Behavioral Operations; Egocentric Bias; Experience; Healthcare Operations; Prejudice and Bias; Behavior; Operations; Decision Making; Health Care and Treatment
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      Staats, Bradley R., Diwas S. KC, and Francesca Gino. "Blinded by Experience: Prior Experience, Negative News and Belief Updating." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-015, August 2015.
      • 2015
      • Article

      Approach, Ability, Aftermath: A Psychological Framework of Unethical Behavior at Work

      By: C. Moore and F. Gino
      Many of the scandalous organizational practices that have come to light in the last decade—rigging LIBOR, misselling payment protection insurance, rampant Wall Street insider trading, large-scale bribery of foreign officials, and the packaging and sale of toxic...  View Details
      Keywords: Working Conditions; Ethics; Decision Making
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      Moore, C., and F. Gino. "Approach, Ability, Aftermath: A Psychological Framework of Unethical Behavior at Work." Academy of Management Annals 9 (2015): 235–289.
      • Article

      Search-Based Peer Firms: Aggregating Investor Perceptions Through Internet Co-Searches

      By: Charles M.C. Lee, Paul Ma and Charles C.Y. Wang
      Applying a "co-search" algorithm to Internet traffic at the SEC's EDGAR website, we develop a novel method for identifying economically-related peer firms and for measuring their relative importance. Our results show that firms appearing in chronologically adjacent...  View Details
      Keywords: Peer Firm; EDGAR Search Traffic; Revealed Preference; Co-search; Industry Classification; Perception; Internet and the Web; Investment
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      Lee, Charles M.C., Paul Ma, and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Search-Based Peer Firms: Aggregating Investor Perceptions Through Internet Co-Searches." Journal of Financial Economics 116, no. 2 (May 2015): 410–431.
      • 2015
      • Chapter

      Negotiations: Statistical Aspects

      By: James K. Sebenius
      'Negotiation analysis' seeks to develop prescriptive theory and useful advice for negotiators and third parties. It generally emphasizes the parties' underlying interests, alternatives to negotiated agreement, approaches to productively manage the inherent tension...  View Details
      Keywords: Negotiation Preparation; Negotiation Tactics; Negotiation Participants
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      Sebenius, James K. "Negotiations: Statistical Aspects." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences. 2nd ed. Edited by James D. Wright, 430–436. London: Elsevier, 2015.
      • Summer 2014
      • Article

      When Does a Platform Create Value by Limiting Choice?

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Hanna Halaburda
      We present a theory for why it might be rational for a platform to limit the number of applications available on it. Our model is based on the observation that even if users prefer application variety, applications often also exhibit direct network effects. When there...  View Details
      Keywords: Platform Governance; Direct Network Effects; Indirect Network Effects; Complements; Tragedy Of The Commons; Equilibrium Selection; Coordination; Foresight; Strategy; Value Creation; Digital Platforms; Balance and Stability; Decision Choices and Conditions; Consumer Behavior; Applications and Software; Network Effects
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Hanna Halaburda. "When Does a Platform Create Value by Limiting Choice?" Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 23, no. 2 (Summer 2014): 259–293.
      • 2013
      • Dissertation

      Designing Freemium: A Model of Consumer Usage, Upgrade, and Referral Dynamics

      By: Clarence Lee, Vineet Kumar and Sunil Gupta
      Abstract. Over the past decade "freemium" (free + premium) has become the dominant business model among internet start-ups for its ability to acquire and monetize a large install-base with limited marketing resources. Freemium is a hybrid strategy where a firm offers...  View Details
      Keywords: Discrete-Continuous Choice Dynamic Structural Models; Bayesian Estimation; Word-of-Mouth; Digital Services; Freemium; Entrepreneurship; Business Model; Motivation and Incentives; Marketing Strategy; Internet and the Web; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Reference Programs; Business Startups
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      Lee, Clarence, Vineet Kumar, and Sunil Gupta. "Designing Freemium: A Model of Consumer Usage, Upgrade, and Referral Dynamics." Diss., Harvard Business School, 2013. (Job Market Paper.)
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