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- Fall, 2024
- Article
Sixty Years of the Voting Rights Act: Progress and Pitfalls
By: Andrea Bernini, Giovanni Facchini, Marco Tabellini and Cecilia Testa
We review the literature on the effects of the 1965 Voting Rights Act (VRA), which removed formal restrictions to Black political participation. After a brief description of racial discrimination suffered by Black Americans since Reconstruction, we introduce the goals... View Details
Keywords: Prejudice and Bias; Equality and Inequality; Race; Political Elections; Voting; Policy; Outcome or Result; Government Legislation
Bernini, Andrea, Giovanni Facchini, Marco Tabellini, and Cecilia Testa. "Sixty Years of the Voting Rights Act: Progress and Pitfalls." Oxford Review of Economic Policy 40, no. 3 (Fall, 2024): 486–497.
- July 2024
- Article
How Artificial Intelligence Constrains Human Experience
By: A. Valenzuela, S. Puntoni, D. Hoffman, N. Castelo, J. De Freitas, B. Dietvorst, C. Hildebrand, Y.E. Huh, R. Meyer, M. Sweeney, S. Talaifar, G. Tomaino and K. Wertenbroch
Many consumption decisions and experiences are digitally mediated. As a consequence, consumer behavior is increasingly the joint product of human psychology and ubiquitous algorithms (Braun et al. 2024; cf. Melumad et al. 2020). The coming of age of Large Language... View Details
Keywords: Large Language Model; User Experience; AI and Machine Learning; Consumer Behavior; Technology Adoption; Risk and Uncertainty; Cost vs Benefits
Valenzuela, A., S. Puntoni, D. Hoffman, N. Castelo, J. De Freitas, B. Dietvorst, C. Hildebrand, Y.E. Huh, R. Meyer, M. Sweeney, S. Talaifar, G. Tomaino, and K. Wertenbroch. "How Artificial Intelligence Constrains Human Experience." Journal of the Association for Consumer Research 9, no. 3 (July 2024): 241–256.
- June 2024
- Article
Information Spillovers in Experience Goods Competition
By: Zhuoqiong Charlie Chen, Christopher Stanton and Catherine Thomas
When experience goods compete, consuming one product can be informative about value for similar untried products. We study a two-period model of duopoly competition in markets that have this feature and where firms can price discriminate between consumers based on... View Details
Chen, Zhuoqiong Charlie, Christopher Stanton, and Catherine Thomas. "Information Spillovers in Experience Goods Competition." Management Science 70, no. 6 (June 2024): 3923–3950.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Social Movements and Public Opinion in the United States
By: Amory Gethin and Vincent Pons
Recent social movements stand out by their spontaneous nature and lack of stable leadership, raising doubts on their ability to generate political change. This article provides systematic evidence on the effects of protests on public opinion and political attitudes.... View Details
Gethin, Amory, and Vincent Pons. "Social Movements and Public Opinion in the United States." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 32342, April 2024.
- 2024
- Working Paper
Choosing and Using Information in Evaluation Decisions
By: Katherine Baldiga Coffman, Scott Kostyshak and Perihan O. Saygin
Most studies of gender discrimination consider how male versus female candidates are assessed given otherwise identical information about them. But, in many settings of interest, evaluators have a choice about how much information to acquire about a candidate before... View Details
- Working Paper
Non-Binary Gender Economics
By: Katherine B. Coffman, Lucas C. Coffman and Keith Marzilli Ericson
Economics research has largely overlooked non-binary individuals. We aim to jump-start the literature by providing data on several economically-important beliefs and preferences. Among many results, non-binary individuals report more gender-based discrimination and... View Details
Coffman, Katherine B., Lucas C. Coffman, and Keith Marzilli Ericson. "Non-Binary Gender Economics." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 32222, March 2024.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Why Do Index Funds Have Market Power? Quantifying Frictions in the Index Fund Market
By: Zach Y. Brown, Mark Egan, Jihye Jeon, Chuqing Jin and Alex A. Wu
Index funds are one of the most common ways investors access financial markets and are perceived to be a transparent and low-cost alternative to active investment management. Despite these purported virtues of index fund investing and the introduction of new products... View Details
Keywords: Mutual Funds; Passive Investing; Asset Management; Financial Markets; Investment Funds; Financial Management; Financial Services Industry; United States
Brown, Zach Y., Mark Egan, Jihye Jeon, Chuqing Jin, and Alex A. Wu. "Why Do Index Funds Have Market Power? Quantifying Frictions in the Index Fund Market." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 24-019, October 2023. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 31778, October 2023.)
- 2023
- Working Paper
Black-box Training Data Identification in GANs via Detector Networks
By: Lukman Olagoke, Salil Vadhan and Seth Neel
Since their inception Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have been popular generative models across images, audio, video, and tabular data. In this paper we study whether given access to a trained GAN, as well as fresh samples from the underlying distribution, if... View Details
Olagoke, Lukman, Salil Vadhan, and Seth Neel. "Black-box Training Data Identification in GANs via Detector Networks." Working Paper, October 2023.
- June 2023
- Simulation
Artea Dashboard and Targeting Policy Evaluation
By: Ayelet Israeli and Eva Ascarza
Companies deploy A/B experiments to gain valuable insights about their customers in order to answer strategic business problems. In marketing, A/B tests are often used to evaluate marketing interventions intended to generate incremental outcomes for the firm. The Artea... View Details
Keywords: Algorithm Bias; Algorithmic Data; Race And Ethnicity; Experimentation; Promotion; Marketing And Society; Big Data; Privacy; Data-driven Management; Data Analysis; Data Analytics; E-Commerce Strategy; Discrimination; Targeted Advertising; Targeted Policies; Pricing Algorithms; A/B Testing; Ethical Decision Making; Customer Base Analysis; Customer Heterogeneity; Coupons; Marketing; Race; Gender; Diversity; Customer Relationship Management; Marketing Communications; Advertising; Decision Making; Ethics; E-commerce; Analytics and Data Science; Retail Industry; Apparel and Accessories Industry; United States
- June 2023
- Article
The Salary Taboo: Privacy Norms and the Diffusion of Information
By: Zoë Cullen and Ricardo Perez-Truglia
The limited diffusion of salary information has implications for labor markets, such as wage discrimination policies and collective bargaining. Access to salary information is believed to be limited and unequal, but there is little direct evidence on the sources of... View Details
Keywords: Search Costs; Privacy; Norms; Compensation; Financial Industry; Field Experiment; Knowledge Dissemination; Equality and Inequality; Gender; Compensation and Benefits; Societal Protocols
Cullen, Zoë, and Ricardo Perez-Truglia. "The Salary Taboo: Privacy Norms and the Diffusion of Information." Art. 104890. Journal of Public Economics 222 (June 2023).
- April 2023
- Article
Racial Inequality in Work Environments
By: Letian Zhang
This article explores racial stratification in work environments. Inequality scholars have long identified racial disparities in wage and occupational attainment, but workers’ careers and well-being are also shaped by elements of their work environment, including firm... View Details
Keywords: Discrimination; Race; Equality and Inequality; Working Conditions; Personal Development and Career; Organizational Culture
Zhang, Letian. "Racial Inequality in Work Environments." American Sociological Review 88, no. 2 (April 2023): 252–283.
- March 2023
- Article
Reaching for Rigor and Relevance: Better Marketing Research for a Better World
By: Shilpa Madan, Gita Venkataramani Johar, Jonah Berger, Pierre Chandon, Rajesh Chandy, Rebecca Hamilton, Leslie John, Aparna Labroo, Peggy J. Liu, John G. Lynch, Nina Mazar, Nicole Mead, Vikas Mittal, Christine Moorman, Michael I. Norton, John Roberts, Dilip Soman, Madhu Viswanathan and Katherine White
Over the past several decades, scholars have highlighted the obligations and opportunities for marketing as a discipline to play a role in creating a better world — or risk becoming irrelevant for the largest problems facing consumers and society. Climate change,... View Details
Keywords: COVID-19 Pandemic; Marketing; Social Issues; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Community Relations; Research
Madan, Shilpa, Gita Venkataramani Johar, Jonah Berger, Pierre Chandon, Rajesh Chandy, Rebecca Hamilton, Leslie John, Aparna Labroo, Peggy J. Liu, John G. Lynch, Nina Mazar, Nicole Mead, Vikas Mittal, Christine Moorman, Michael I. Norton, John Roberts, Dilip Soman, Madhu Viswanathan, and Katherine White. "Reaching for Rigor and Relevance: Better Marketing Research for a Better World." Marketing Letters 34, no. 1 (March 2023): 1–12.
- December 2022
- Article
Different Roots, Different Fruits: Gender-Based Differences in Cultural Narratives about Perceived Discrimination Produce Divergent Psychological Consequences
By: Leigh Plunkett Tost, Ashley E. Hardin and Francesca Gino
We examine whether narratives about, and the psychological consequences of, perceived gender discrimination differ between women and men. We argue that women and men have different dominant narratives about the reasons why people discriminate against people of their... View Details
Tost, Leigh Plunkett, Ashley E. Hardin, and Francesca Gino. "Different Roots, Different Fruits: Gender-Based Differences in Cultural Narratives about Perceived Discrimination Produce Divergent Psychological Consequences." Academy of Management Journal 65, no. 6 (December 2022): 1804–1834.
- 2022
- Article
A Human-Centric Take on Model Monitoring
By: Murtuza Shergadwala, Himabindu Lakkaraju and Krishnaram Kenthapadi
Predictive models are increasingly used to make various consequential decisions in high-stakes domains such as healthcare, finance, and policy. It becomes critical to ensure that these models make accurate predictions, are robust to shifts in the data, do not rely on... View Details
Shergadwala, Murtuza, Himabindu Lakkaraju, and Krishnaram Kenthapadi. "A Human-Centric Take on Model Monitoring." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Human Computation and Crowdsourcing (HCOMP) 10 (2022): 173–183.
- September 16, 2022
- Article
3 Workplace Biases that Derail Mid-Career Women
By: Colleen Ammerman and Boris Groysberg
Mid-career women are often surprised by the levels of bias and discrimination they encounter in the workplace, especially if they’ve successfully avoided it earlier in their careers. After speaking to 100 senior women executives, the authors identified three distinct... View Details
Ammerman, Colleen, and Boris Groysberg. "3 Workplace Biases that Derail Mid-Career Women." Harvard Business Review (website) (September 16, 2022).
- September 2022
- Case
Deciding When to Engage on Societal Issues
By: Hubert Joly and Amram Migdal
This case provides brief descriptions of 18 examples of corporate leaders confronting questions of whether and how to engage with societal issues, including social, political, and environmental issues. Social issues include COVID-19; social and racial justice;... View Details
Keywords: Political Issues; Social Justice; Racial Justice; Environmental Issues; Social Issues; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Values and Beliefs
Joly, Hubert, and Amram Migdal. "Deciding When to Engage on Societal Issues." Harvard Business School Case 523-045, September 2022.
- September 2022
- Article
Tone at the Bottom: Measuring Corporate Misconduct Risk from the Text of Employee Reviews
By: Dennis W. Campbell and Ruidi Shang
This paper examines whether information extracted via text-based statistical methods applied to employee reviews left on the website Glassdoor.com can be used to develop indicators of corporate misconduct risk. We argue that inside information on the incidence of... View Details
Keywords: Management Accounting; Management Control; Corporate Culture; Corporate Misconduct; Risk Measurement; Organizational Culture; Crime and Corruption; Risk and Uncertainty; Measurement and Metrics
Campbell, Dennis W., and Ruidi Shang. "Tone at the Bottom: Measuring Corporate Misconduct Risk from the Text of Employee Reviews." Management Science 68, no. 9 (September 2022): 7034–7053.
- May 2022
- Article
When Harry Fired Sally: The Double Standard in Punishing Misconduct
By: Mark Egan, Gregor Matvos and Amit Seru
We examine gender differences in misconduct punishment in the financial advisory industry. We find evidence of a “gender punishment gap”: following an incident of misconduct, female advisers are 20% more likely to lose their jobs and 30% less likely to find new jobs... View Details
Keywords: Financial Advisers; Brokers; Gender Discrimination; Consumer Finance; Financial Misconduct And Fraud; FINRA; Financial Institutions; Employees; Crime and Corruption; Gender; Prejudice and Bias; Personal Finance; Financial Services Industry
Egan, Mark, Gregor Matvos, and Amit Seru. "When Harry Fired Sally: The Double Standard in Punishing Misconduct." Journal of Political Economy 130, no. 5 (May 2022): 1184–1248.
- April 2022
- Case
Marsha Simms: Trailblazer in Corporate Law
By: Robin Ely, Boris Groysberg, Colleen Ammerman and Olivia Hull
Follows the journey of lawyer Marsha Simms from her childhood in racially-segregated St. Louis to the upper echelons of the New York legal community. Describes her education, career choices, accomplishments, and setbacks. Highlights significant moments such as her... View Details
Keywords: Leadership; Career; Career Management; Diversity; Inclusion; Equity; Gender; Race; Corporate Finance; Law; Leadership Development; Personal Development and Career; Relationships; Power and Influence; Social and Collaborative Networks; Status and Position; Social Issues; Legal Services Industry; United States; New York (state, US)
Ely, Robin, Boris Groysberg, Colleen Ammerman, and Olivia Hull. "Marsha Simms: Trailblazer in Corporate Law." Harvard Business School Case 422-012, April 2022.
- 2022
- Other Teaching and Training Material
Organizational Behavior Reading: Managing Differences
By: Robin Ely and Colleen Ammerman
This reading provides principles and practices managers can draw upon to leverage differences in social identities - such as gender and race - to create more effective work relationships, teams, and organizations. The Essential Reading's first section draws upon... View Details
Keywords: Diversity; Groups and Teams; Prejudice and Bias; Identity; Management Practices and Processes
Ely, Robin, and Colleen Ammerman. "Organizational Behavior Reading: Managing Differences." Core Curriculum Readings Series. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Publishing 8394, 2022.