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      • Faculty Publications  (246)

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      • April 2022
      • Article

      Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment

      By: Meg Rithmire
      How do state-business relations interact with outward investment in authoritarian regimes? This paper examines this question in the context of China’s rapid transformation into a major capital exporter. While most political economy scholarship focuses on firms’...  View Details
      Keywords: Outward Investment; Capital Controls; Corruption; Foreign Direct Investment; Political Economy; State-owned Enterprises; Investment; Global Range; Capital; Globalization; Policy; Government and Politics; China
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      Rithmire, Meg. "Going Out or Opting Out? Capital, Political Vulnerability, and the State in China's Outward Investment." Comparative Politics 54, no. 3 (April 2022): 477–499.
      • 2022
      • White Paper

      Building from the Bottom Up: What Business Can Do to Strengthen the Bottom Line by Investing in Front-line Workers

      By: Joseph B. Fuller and Manjari Raman
      A significant number of American workers—44%—are employed in low wage jobs at the front line of industries. Despite undertaking some of the most tedious, dirtiest, and most dangerous jobs, low-wage workers are—and have long been—the most likely to be overlooked by...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Labor Market; Low-wage Workers; Worker Welfare; Churn/retention; Morale; Jobs and Positions; Employees; Wages; Retention; Well-being; Human Resources
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      Fuller, Joseph B., and Manjari Raman. "Building from the Bottom Up: What Business Can Do to Strengthen the Bottom Line by Investing in Front-line Workers." White Paper, Harvard Business School, January 2022.
      • January 2022
      • Article

      Investing Outside the Box: Evidence from Alternative Vehicles in Private Equity

      By: Josh Lerner, Jason Mao, Antoinette Schoar and Nan R. Zhang
      This paper uses previously unexplored custodial data to examine the use of alternative investment vehicles in private equity (PE) over four decades. We document a steep increase in the capital directed to alternative vehicles, with these vehicles approaching a 40%...  View Details
      Keywords: Alternative Investment Vehicles; Investment Funds; Private Equity; Venture Capital; Performance
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      Lerner, Josh, Jason Mao, Antoinette Schoar, and Nan R. Zhang. "Investing Outside the Box: Evidence from Alternative Vehicles in Private Equity." Journal of Financial Economics 143, no. 1 (January 2022): 359–380.
      • January 2022
      • Article

      Replicating Private Equity with Value Investing, Homemade Leverage, and Hold-to-Maturity Accounting

      By: Erik Stafford
      The contributions of asset selection and incremental leverage to buyout investment performance are more important than typically assumed or estimated to be. Buyout funds select small firms with distinct value characteristics. Public equities with these characteristics...  View Details
      Keywords: Replicating Portfolio; Private Equity; Investment Portfolio
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      Stafford, Erik. "Replicating Private Equity with Value Investing, Homemade Leverage, and Hold-to-Maturity Accounting." Review of Financial Studies 35, no. 1 (January 2022): 299–342.
      • October 2021 (Revised January 2022)
      • Case

      Project Maji: Pricing Water in Sub-Saharan Africa

      By: Elie Ofek, Marco Bertini, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha and Esel Çekin
      In July 2021, Sunil Lalvani, founder and CEO of Project Maji, a non-profit social enterprise headquartered in Dubai that had already provided sustainable, clean water solutions to 80,000 people living in rural communities across Ghana and Kenya, was facing an important...  View Details
      Keywords: Water; Pricing; Nonprofit Organizations; Projects; Price; Decision Making; Social Enterprise; Growth and Development Strategy; Equity; Green Technology; Social and Collaborative Networks; Africa; Dubai
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      Ofek, Elie, Marco Bertini, Dilyana Karadzhova Botha, and Esel Çekin. "Project Maji: Pricing Water in Sub-Saharan Africa." Harvard Business School Case 522-043, October 2021. (Revised January 2022.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Customer Churn and Intangible Capital

      By: Scott Baker, Brian Baugh and Marco Sammon
      Intangible capital is a crucial and growing piece of firms’ capital structure and helps to explain long run trends in concentration and markups. We develop new firm level metrics regarding a key component of intangible capital—customer churn—using a class of household...  View Details
      Keywords: Customer Base; Transaction Data; Customer Churn; Intangible Capital; Capital; Capital Structure; Customers
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      Baker, Scott, Brian Baugh, and Marco Sammon. "Customer Churn and Intangible Capital." Working Paper, December 2021.
      • June 2021
      • Case

      Mobileye 2021: Robotaxi and/or Consumer AV?

      By: David B. Yoffie, Danielle Golan and Nicole Tempest Keller
      In March 2021, Amnon Shashua, co-founder and CEO of Israel-based Mobileye, was preparing to meet with Intel’s new CEO, Pat Gelsinger, to review plans for the future. Mobileye had been acquired by California-based Intel in 2017, but still operated independently....  View Details
      Keywords: Technology Companies; Robotics; Autonomous Vehicles; Strategy; Decision Making; Transportation; Technological Innovation; Technology Industry; Auto Industry; Transportation Industry; Israel
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      Yoffie, David B., Danielle Golan, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "Mobileye 2021: Robotaxi and/or Consumer AV?" Harvard Business School Case 721-481, June 2021.
      • July–August 2021
      • Article

      Why You Aren't Getting More from Your Marketing AI

      By: Eva Ascarza, Michael Ross and Bruce G.S. Hardie
      Fewer than 40% of companies that invest in AI see gains from it, usually because of one or more of these errors: (1) They don’t ask the right question, and end up directing AI to solve the wrong problem. (2) They don’t recognize the differences between the value of...  View Details
      Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Marketing; Decision Making; Communication; Framework; AI and Machine Learning
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      Ascarza, Eva, Michael Ross, and Bruce G.S. Hardie. "Why You Aren't Getting More from Your Marketing AI." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 4 (July–August 2021): 48–54.
      • May 2021
      • Article

      Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability

      By: Amrita Ahuja, Susan Athey, Arthur Baker, Eric Budish, Juan Camilo Castillo, Rachel Glennerster, Scott Duke Kominers, Michael Kremer, Jean Lee, Canice Prendergast, Christopher M. Snyder, Alex Tabarrok, Brandon Joel Tan and Witold Wiecek
      Vaccinating the world’s population quickly in a pandemic has enormous health and economic benefits. We analyze the problem faced by governments in determining the scale and structure of procurement for vaccines. We analyze alternative approaches to procurement, arguing...  View Details
      Keywords: Vaccines; Procurement; Health Pandemics; Health Care and Treatment; Acquisition; Cooperation
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      Ahuja, Amrita, Susan Athey, Arthur Baker, Eric Budish, Juan Camilo Castillo, Rachel Glennerster, Scott Duke Kominers, Michael Kremer, Jean Lee, Canice Prendergast, Christopher M. Snyder, Alex Tabarrok, Brandon Joel Tan, and Witold Wiecek. "Preparing for a Pandemic: Accelerating Vaccine Availability." AEA Papers and Proceedings 111 (May 2021): 331–335.
      • March 2021
      • Article

      On the Direct and Indirect Real Effects of Credit Supply Shocks

      By: Laura Alfaro, Manuel García-Santana and Enrique Moral-Benito
      We explore the real effects of bank-lending shocks and how they permeate the economy through buyer-supplier linkages. We combine administrative data on all Spanish firms with a matched bank-firm-loan dataset of all corporate loans from 2003 to 2013 to estimate...  View Details
      Keywords: Credit Supply Shocks; Bank Lending Channel; Input-output Linkages; Output; Mechanisms; Trade Credits; Price Effects; Economics; Credit; System Shocks; Employment; Investment; Spain
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      Alfaro, Laura, Manuel García-Santana, and Enrique Moral-Benito. "On the Direct and Indirect Real Effects of Credit Supply Shocks." Journal of Financial Economics 139, no. 3 (March 2021): 895–921.
      • October 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Case

      AfricInvest: A Pan-African Investment Platform

      By: Victoria Ivashina and Youssef Abdel Aal
      The case is set in December 2018, when Ziad Oueslati, co-managing director and co-founder of AfricInvest, a leading pan-African private equity firm headquartered in Tunisia, was reflecting on the future direction of his firm. AfricInvest started as a traditional small...  View Details
      Keywords: Finance; Private Equity; Venture Capital; Strategy; Governance; Financial Services Industry; Tunisia; Africa; Middle East
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      Ivashina, Victoria, and Youssef Abdel Aal. "AfricInvest: A Pan-African Investment Platform." Harvard Business School Case 221-037, October 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • September 2020 (Revised December 2020)
      • Case

      Hot Wheels at Mattel: Reinventing the Wheel

      By: Elie Ofek, Andres Terech and Nicole Tempest Keller
      In 2017, Chris Down, Global Brand General Manager for Hot Wheels, and his team from the Advanced Play Group within Mattel, Inc., were considering which innovation path to pursue in order to "future proof" the Hot Wheels franchise going forward. Hot Wheels was the...  View Details
      Keywords: Toys; Industry Evolution; Innovation Strategy; Product Development; Growth and Development Strategy; Technological Innovation; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Decision Making; Digital Transformation
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      Ofek, Elie, Andres Terech, and Nicole Tempest Keller. "Hot Wheels at Mattel: Reinventing the Wheel." Harvard Business School Case 521-015, September 2020. (Revised December 2020.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Fencing Off Silicon Valley: Cross-Border Venture Capital and Technology Spillovers

      By: Ufuk Akcigit, Sina T. Ates, Josh Lerner, Richard Townsend and Yulia Zhestkova
      The treatment of foreign investors has been a contentious topic in U.S. entrepreneurship policy in recent years. This paper examines foreign corporate investments in Silicon Valley from a theoretical and empirical perspective. We model a setting where such funding may...  View Details
      Keywords: Innovation; Corporate Venture Capital; Knowledge Spillovers; Innovation and Invention; Foreign Direct Investment; Venture Capital; Entrepreneurship; Policy; United States
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      Akcigit, Ufuk, Sina T. Ates, Josh Lerner, Richard Townsend, and Yulia Zhestkova. "Fencing Off Silicon Valley: Cross-Border Venture Capital and Technology Spillovers." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-043, September 2020.
      • 2020
      • Chapter

      Foreign Direct Investment, Finance and Economic Development

      By: Laura Alfaro and Jasmina Chauvin
      Research has sought to understand how foreign direct investment affects host economies. This paper reviews the empirical literature, specifically addressing the question: How does FDI affect economic development of host countries and what is the role of local financial...  View Details
      Keywords: Foreign Direct Investment; Developing Countries and Economies; Financial Condition; Development Economics
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Jasmina Chauvin. "Foreign Direct Investment, Finance and Economic Development." In Encyclopedia of International Economics and Global Trade, Vol. 1: Foreign Direct Investment and the Multinational Enterprise, edited by Mariana Spatareanu, 231–258. World Scientific, 2020.
      • February 2020 (Revised March 2022)
      • Case

      Anomalie

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport and Thomas O. Jones
      In early 2019, the founders of Anomalie, an online direct-to-consumer provider of bridal gowns, have just agreed to an $13.6 million Series A investment from a Silicon Valley VC. They are considering three major initiatives as they move forward. (1) To scale their...  View Details
      Keywords: Direct-to-consumer; Entrepreneurship; Internet and the Web; Growth and Development Strategy; Decision Choices and Conditions; Apparel and Accessories Industry; Technology Industry
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., and Thomas O. Jones. "Anomalie." Harvard Business School Case 820-100, February 2020. (Revised March 2022.)
      • September 2019
      • Supplement

      Keroche (B): Considering Entry into the Kenyan Beer Market

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
      This case discusses the situation of the Kenyan alcoholic drinks producer Keroche in July 2004, when co-founder Tabitha Karanja was debating whether to enter the Kenyan beer market. Doing so would mean direct competition with the multinational EABL in an industry and...  View Details
      Keywords: Keroche; Alcohol; Alcoholic Drinks; Alcoholic Beverages; Beverages; Drinks; Wine Industry; Wine; Fortified Wine; Viena; Beer; Beer Market; Manufacturing; Production Capacity; Capacity; Growth; Regulated; Unregulated; Informal; Informal Market; Regulation; Illicit; Illegal; Substandard; Dangerous; Shutdown; Factory; Safe; Affordable; Low-income Consumers; Business Growth and Maturation; Business Startups; Production; Investment; Safety; Quality; Small Business; Family Business; Crime and Corruption; Customer Focus and Relationships; Decisions; Income; Demographics; Geographic Scope; Geographic Location; Goods and Commodities; Government Legislation; Growth and Development; Business History; Lawsuits and Litigation; Laws and Statutes; Lawfulness; Goals and Objectives; Consumer Behavior; Market Entry and Exit; Problems and Challenges; Social Issues; Poverty; Strategy; Competition; Entrepreneurship; Marketing; Manufacturing Industry; Food and Beverage Industry; Kenya; Nairobi; Africa
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Pippa Tubman Armerding. "Keroche (B): Considering Entry into the Kenyan Beer Market." Harvard Business School Supplement 720-391, September 2019.
      • August 2019 (Revised April 2021)
      • Case

      Zillow Offers: Winning Online Real Estate 2.0

      By: Luis Viceira, Marco Di Maggio and Allison Ciechanover
      Founded in 2005, Zillow had become the leading online real estate and home-related marketplace. The brand was recognized as a trusted resource for players in the real estate market, providing information and transparency on home prices. Revenue, which was historically...  View Details
      Keywords: Real Estate; Corporate Culture; Intermediation; Brokerage; Startup; Evaluating Business Investments; Property; Information Technology; Business Model; Expansion; Business Startups; Real Estate Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; United States
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      Viceira, Luis, Marco Di Maggio, and Allison Ciechanover. "Zillow Offers: Winning Online Real Estate 2.0." Harvard Business School Case 220-021, August 2019. (Revised April 2021.)
      • June 2019
      • Article

      Brokers vs. Retail Investors: Conflicting Interests and Dominated Products

      By: Mark Egan
      I study how brokers distort household investment decisions. Using a novel convertible bond dataset, I find that consumers often purchase dominated bonds—cheap and expensive versions of otherwise identical bonds coexist in the market. The empirical evidence suggests...  View Details
      Keywords: Brokers; Fiduciary Standard; Consumer Finance; Structured Products; Household; Investment; Decisions; Motivation and Incentives; Conflict of Interests
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      Egan, Mark. "Brokers vs. Retail Investors: Conflicting Interests and Dominated Products." Journal of Finance 74, no. 3 (June 2019): 1217–1260.
      • March 2019 (Revised January 2022)
      • Case

      Accion's Fintech Strategy

      By: V. Kasturi Rangan, Michael Chu and Tricia Gregg
      Accion, an NGO, had been a pioneer in microfinance since its entry into that sector in the early 1970s. Its investments in Banco Compartamos paid off, when the microfinance bank went IPO in 2007, leaving an influx of $138 million for Accion. Under a new CEO, Michael...  View Details
      Keywords: Fintech; Impact Investing; Financial Inclusion; Technological Innovation; Strategy; Strategic Planning; Performance Effectiveness; Non-Governmental Organizations; Microfinance; Financial Institutions; Business Growth and Maturation; Customer Focus and Relationships; Industry Growth
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      Rangan, V. Kasturi, Michael Chu, and Tricia Gregg. "Accion's Fintech Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 319-091, March 2019. (Revised January 2022.)
      • Article

      Short-Termism and Capital Flows

      By: Jesse M. Fried and Charles C.Y. Wang
      During 2007–2016, S&P 500 firms distributed to shareholders $7 trillion via buybacks and dividends, over 96% of their aggregate net income, prompting claims that "short-termism" is impairing firms' ability to invest and innovate. We show that, when taking into account...  View Details
      Keywords: Short-termism; Quarterly Capitalism; Share Buybacks; Open Market Repurchases; Dividends; Equity Issuances; Seasoned Equity Offerings; Equity Compensastion; Acquisitions; Payout Policy; Capital Flows; Capital Distribution; Working Capital; Business and Shareholder Relations; Acquisition
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      Fried, Jesse M., and Charles C.Y. Wang. "Short-Termism and Capital Flows." Review of Corporate Finance Studies 8, no. 1 (March 2019): 207–233.
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