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- 2021
- Working Paper
Growth, Transformation and Digital Capital: The Importance of Technological and Organizational Architecture
By: Ruiqing Cao and Marco Iansiti
The benefits to data analytics and machine learning have been distributed unevenly across firms around the world. Research on IT productivity points to intangible capital as a key driver of value creation from innovation in computing. We argue that a crucial component...
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- Article
Healthy Buildings in 2070
By: John D. Macomber and Joseph G. Allen
Fifty years seems a very long time in the future for most industries. Not so in buildings and real estate; built structures routinely last decades if not hundreds of years, as long as they are economically competitive. Any discussion of the 50-year future has to...
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- Article
Nudging: Progress to Date and Future Directions
By: John Beshears and Harry Kosowsky
Nudges influence behavior by changing the environment in which decisions are made, without restricting the menu of options and without altering financial incentives. This paper assesses past empirical research on nudging and provides recommendations for future work in...
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- Article
Multivariate Unsupervised Machine Learning for Anomaly Detection in Enterprise Applications
By: Daniel Elsner, Pouya Aleatrati Khosroshahi, Alan MacCormack and Robert Lagerström
Existing application performance management (APM) solutions lack robust anomaly detection capabilities and root cause analysis techniques that do not require manual efforts and domain knowledge. In this paper, we develop a density-based unsupervised machine learning...
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- October 2018
- Case
Safecast: Bootstrapping Human Capital to Big Data
By: Ethan Bernstein and Stephanie Marton
On March 11, 2011 at 2:46pm, a 9.1-on-the-Richter-scale, six-minute long earthquake unleashed a tsunami that ravaged the Tohoku region of Japan, damaging the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power facility and releasing sufficient radioactive material into the air and ocean...
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Keywords:
Citizen Science;
Creative Commons;
Open Data;
Open Architecture;
Volunteer-based Organization;
Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Facility;
311;
Nuclear;
Radiation;
Crowdsourcing;
Bgeigie;
Geiger Counters;
Kickstarter;
Sustainability;
Sustainable Business And Innovation;
Design;
Energy Generation;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Human Capital;
Innovation and Invention;
Crisis Management;
Organizational Structure;
Organizational Design;
Technology;
Business Model;
Energy Industry;
Technology Industry;
Japan;
North and Central America;
Europe
- Article
The Impact of the 'Open' Workspace on Human Collaboration
By: Ethan Bernstein and Stephen Turban
Organizations’ pursuit of increased workplace collaboration has led managers to transform traditional office spaces into “open,” transparency-enhancing architectures with fewer walls, doors, and other spatial boundaries, yet there is scant direct empirical research on...
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Keywords:
Open Office;
Transparency;
Collaboration;
Collective Intelligence;
Workspace;
Workspace Design;
Architecture;
Cubicles;
Boundaries;
Spatial Boundaries;
Human Behavior;
Propinquity;
Co-location;
Interaction;
Sociometers;
People Analytics;
Buildings and Facilities;
Communication;
Design;
Human Resources;
Leadership;
Management;
Organizational Design;
Organizational Structure;
Networks;
Social and Collaborative Networks;
Technology;
United States
- June 2018
- Teaching Note
Zurich Insurance
By: Boris Groysberg, David Lane and Joni Coughlin
This teaching note addresses six cases in the Zurich Insurance series, the overview case (HBS No. 417-035) and five cases focused on particular change efforts (HBS Nos. 417-036 through 417-040).
Zurich Insurance was undergoing organizational change after... View Details
Zurich Insurance was undergoing organizational change after... View Details
Keywords:
Managing Change;
Organizational Behavior;
Diversity Management;
Organizational Architecture;
Recruiting;
Succession Planning;
Management;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Leading Change;
Human Capital;
Human Resources;
Insurance;
Leadership;
Diversity;
Organizational Structure;
Recruitment;
Leadership Development;
Management Succession;
Insurance Industry
- 2017
- Other Article
Designing an Agile Software Portfolio Architecture: The Impact of Coupling on Performance
By: Alan MacCormack and Robert Lagerstrom
The modern industrial corporation encompasses a myriad of different software applications, each of which must work in concert to deliver functionality to end-users. However, the increasingly complex and dynamic nature of competition in today’s product-markets dictates...
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- October 2016
- Article
Technical Debt and System Architecture: The Impact of Coupling on Defect-related Activity
By: Alan MacCormack and Daniel J. Sturtevant
Technical debt is created when design decisions that are expedient in the short-term increase the costs of maintaining and adapting this system in future. An important component of technical debt relates to decisions about system architecture. As systems grow and...
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- September 2016 (Revised May 2018)
- Case
Zurich Insurance: Fostering People Management Practices
By: Boris Groysberg and Katherine Connolly
Zurich Insurance was undergoing organizational change after implementing five new people practices focused on manager development, diversity and inclusion, job model and data analytics, recruitment, and talent pipeline. The case provides background for the company, as...
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Keywords:
Managing Change;
Organizational Behavior;
Diversity Management;
Organizational Architecture;
Recruiting;
Succession Planning;
Management;
Organizational Culture;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Leading Change;
Human Capital;
Human Resources;
Insurance;
Leadership;
Diversity;
Organizational Structure;
Recruitment;
Management Succession;
Insurance Industry
- September 2016 (Revised May 2018)
- Case
Zurich Insurance: Global Job Structure and Data Analysis
By: Boris Groysberg and Katherine Connolly
Zurich Insurance was undergoing organizational change after implementing five new people practices focused on manager development, diversity and inclusion, job model and data analytics, recruitment, and talent pipeline. The case “Zurich Insurance: Fostering Key People...
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- March 2016
- Teaching Note
Evive Health and Workplace Influenza Vaccinations
By: John Beshears
Evive Health is a company that manages communication campaigns on behalf of health insurance plans and large employers. Using big data techniques and insights from behavioral economics, Evive deploys targeted and effective messages that improve individuals' health...
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Keywords:
Vaccination;
Influenza;
Flu Shot;
Preventive Care;
Health Care;
Behavioral Economics;
Choice Architecture;
Nudge;
Experimental Design;
Randomized Controlled Trial;
RCT;
Causal Inference;
Insurance;
Consumer Behavior;
Health Care and Treatment;
Health Testing and Trials;
Communication Strategy;
Insurance Industry;
Health Industry
- March 2016
- Case
Evive Health and Workplace Influenza Vaccinations
By: John Beshears
Evive Health is a company that manages communication campaigns on behalf of health insurance plans and large employers. Using big data techniques and insights from behavioral economics, Evive deploys targeted and effective messages that improve individuals' health...
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Keywords:
Vaccination;
Influenza;
Flu Shot;
Preventive Care;
Health Care;
Behavioral Economics;
Choice Architecture;
Nudge;
Experimental Design;
Randomized Controlled Trial;
RCT;
Causal Inference;
Consumer Behavior;
Health Care and Treatment;
Health Testing and Trials;
Communication Strategy;
Health Industry
- Article
Visualizing and Measuring Software Portfolio Architecture: A Power Utility Case
By: Robert Lagerström, Carliss Y. Baldwin and Alan MacCormack
In this paper, we test a Design Structure Matrix (DSM) based method for visualizing and
measuring software portfolio architectures. Our data is drawn from a power utility company, comprising 192 software applications with 614 dependencies between them. We
show that...
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- Article
Big Other: Surveillance Capitalism and the Prospects of an Information Civilization
By: Shoshana Zuboff
This article describes an emergent logic of accumulation in the networked sphere, 'surveillance capitalism,' and considers its implications for 'information civilization.' The institutionalizing practices and operational assumptions of Google Inc. are the...
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- 2014
- Working Paper
Visualizing and Measuring Software Portfolio Architectures: A Flexibility Analysis
By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and David Dreyfus
In this paper, we test a method for visualizing and measuring software portfolio architectures and use our measures to predict the costs of architectural change. Our data is drawn from a biopharmaceutical company, comprising 407 architectural components with 1,157...
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- 2013
- Working Paper
Visualizing and Measuring Enterprise Architecture: An Exploratory BioPharma Case
By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and David Dreyfus
We test a method that was designed and used previously to reveal the hidden internal architectural structure of software systems. The focus of this paper is to test if it can also uncover new facts about the components and their relationships in an enterprise...
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- 2013
- Working Paper
Visualizing and Measuring Enterprise Application Architecture: An Exploratory Telecom Case
By: Robert Lagerstrom, Carliss Y. Baldwin, Alan MacCormack and Stephan Aier
We test a method for visualizing and measuring enterprise application architectures. The method was designed and previously used to reveal the hidden internal architectural structure of software applications. The focus of this paper is to test if it can also uncover...
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- October 2010
- Journal Article
Organizational Designs and Innovation Streams
By: Michael Tushman, Wendy K. Smith, Robert Chapman Wood, George Westerman and Charles A. O'Reilly III
This article empirically explores the relations between alternative organizational designs and a firm's ability to explore as well as exploit. We operationalize exploitation and exploration in terms of innovation streams—incremental innovation in existing products as...
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- August 1995
- Case
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.: IT Organization and Architecture Challenges
By: Richard L. Nolan
Presents the outcome of Air Products ICON decentralization projects. New issues are explored, including the challenges of having a decentralized MIS staff, global network, client/server architecture, new data center issues, outsourcing, a new highly strategic customer...
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