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      • November 2022
      • Case

      GE: A New Way Forward?

      By: David J. Collis and Haisley Wert
      One of the most iconic American companies, General Electric (GE) was founded in 1892 in New York state. Named among the original dozen companies on the Dow Jones index in 1896, it was the list’s most tenacious holdout, maintaining its “blue chip” stock status for over...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategy; GE; Conglomerate; Conglomerates; Corporate Strategy; Management; History; Leadership; Problems and Challenges; Change Management; Transformation; Strategic Planning; Value Creation; New York (state, US)
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      Collis, David J., and Haisley Wert. "GE: A New Way Forward?" Harvard Business School Case 723-373, November 2022.
      • August 2022
      • Case

      Air Wars: Deregulating the U.S. Airline Industry

      By: Tom Nicholas and James Weber
      In the early decades of the twentieth century, the U.S. government assisted in the development of an airline industry by subsidizing the delivery of mail and allowing mail carriers to also fly passengers. Because the government awarded mail routes to the lowest...  View Details
      Keywords: Government Regulation; Deregulation; Change Management; Economics; Entrepreneurship; Financial Management; Business History; Human Resources; Compensation and Benefits; Labor; Labor Unions; Leading Change; Leadership Style; Crisis Management; Industry Structures; Operations; Strategy; Adaptation; Competition; Air Transportation; Air Transportation Industry; United States
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      Nicholas, Tom, and James Weber. "Air Wars: Deregulating the U.S. Airline Industry." Harvard Business School Case 823-033, August 2022.
      • July 2022
      • Case

      A Soul and a Service: North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance

      By: Tom Nicholas and John Masko
      The North Carolina Mutual and Provident Association (the Mutual) was founded in 1898 as a for-profit entity selling life insurance catering to the Black community. The Mutual was entering a field crowded with established White-owned competitors that largely refused to...  View Details
      Keywords: Black Entrepreneurs; Insurance; History; Race; Prejudice and Bias; Entrepreneurship; Decision Choices and Conditions; Growth and Development Strategy; Insurance Industry; United States
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      Nicholas, Tom, and John Masko. "A Soul and a Service: North Carolina Mutual Life Insurance." Harvard Business School Case 823-032, July 2022.
      • June 2022
      • Case

      Mossadeq’s Gambit: The US, UK, and Iranian Oil Nationalization

      By: Jeremy Friedman and Jingyu Liu
      Many of the West’s political problems in the Middle East and in Iran in particular can be traced to the overthrow of Prime Minister Mohammad Mossadegh by military forces supported by the American CIA and the British MI6 in August 1953. Mossadegh, at the head of a...  View Details
      Keywords: Neo-imperialism; History; Conflict Management; War; Globalized Economies and Regions; Natural Resources; National Security; Government and Politics; Globalized Markets and Industries; Middle East; Iran
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      Friedman, Jeremy, and Jingyu Liu. "Mossadeq’s Gambit: The US, UK, and Iranian Oil Nationalization." Harvard Business School Case 722-065, June 2022.
      • March 2022 (Revised April 2022)
      • Case

      Pittsburgh: A Successful City?

      By: Karen Mills, Caroline Elkins, Vikram Gandhi, Gabriella Elanbeck and Zeke Gillman
      Pittsburgh, PA, was once the crown jewel of American heavy industry. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the city was an undisputed leader in steel production, boasting some of the largest companies and wealthiest individuals in the world. Its abundance of...  View Details
      Keywords: Economic And Social Disparities; Economic Development; Local Economic Development; Contextual Intelligence; Contextual Knowledge; Context; City Growth; City Innovation; City Leadership; Pittsburgh; Local Government; Local Stakeholders; Business And Community; Business And Community Relations; Community Engagement; Community Relations; Cross-sector Collaboration; Innovation; Innovation Economy; Innovation Clusters; Innovation Ecosystems; Shared Prosperity; Equality Of Opportunity; Equity; Inclusion; Business And Government; Business & Government Relations; Business And Government Relations; Business And Society; Neighborhoods; Race And Ethnicity; Innovation & Entrepreneurship; Diversity; Ethnicity; Race; Household; Income; Economic Growth; Economic Sectors; Economics; Local Range; Urban Development; Urban Scope; City; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Government and Politics; Government Administration; Growth and Development; History; Leadership; Goals and Objectives; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Society; Civil Society or Community; Culture; Human Needs; Public Opinion; Public Sector; Social Issues; Poverty; Equality and Inequality; Manufacturing Industry; Steel Industry; Education Industry; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry; Technology Industry; United States; Pittsburgh; Pennsylvania
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      Mills, Karen, Caroline Elkins, Vikram Gandhi, Gabriella Elanbeck, and Zeke Gillman. "Pittsburgh: A Successful City?" Harvard Business School Case 322-080, March 2022. (Revised April 2022.)
      • 2022
      • Chapter

      Crises and International Business

      By: Geoffrey Jones
      This chapter uses the intellectual journey of the author to suggest that crises have been the norm rather than the exception in the history of international business. Over the last 100 years world wars, regional conflicts, the Great Depression, and decolonization are...  View Details
      Keywords: Crisis; Multinational Companies; International Business; Emerging Market; Business History; Multinational Firms and Management; System Shocks; War; Emerging Markets; Crisis Management
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      Jones, Geoffrey. "Crises and International Business." Chap. 2 in International Business in Times of Crisis. Vol. 16, edited by Rob van Tulder, Alain Verbeke, Lucia Piscitello, and Jonas Puck, 27–32. Progress in International Business Research. Bingley, UK: Emerald Publishing Limited, 2022.
      • January 2022
      • Background Note

      Common Prosperity? China Shifts Left

      By: William C. Kirby and Noah B. Truwit
      Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949, the ruling Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has been mistrustful of entrepreneurs and the private sector that operates outside the government’s authority. In its first decades under Mao Zedong, the CCP...  View Details
      Keywords: Market Reform; Gdp; Government Administration; Government and Politics; Private Sector; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Economy; Globalized Economies and Regions; Entrepreneurship; Business and Government Relations; Globalized Markets and Industries; Social Issues; Society; Economic Growth; China
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      Kirby, William C., and Noah B. Truwit. "Common Prosperity? China Shifts Left." Harvard Business School Background Note 322-069, January 2022.
      • January 2022
      • Case

      Bee-ing Better at Bombas

      By: Elizabeth A. Keenan, Youngme Moon and John Masko
      David Heath and Randy Goldberg founded Bombas in 2013 to serve two missions: to deliver the “best socks in the history of feet,” and to donate socks (the most requested item in homeless shelters) to Americans experiencing homelessness. Eight years later, Bombas had...  View Details
      Keywords: Social Entrepreneurship; Values and Beliefs; Brands and Branding; Marketing Strategy; Digital Marketing; Distribution; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Mission and Purpose; Quality; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Human Needs; Poverty; Growth and Development Strategy; Apparel and Accessories Industry; New York (city, NY)
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      Keenan, Elizabeth A., Youngme Moon, and John Masko. "Bee-ing Better at Bombas." Harvard Business School Case 522-038, January 2022.
      • 2022
      • Chapter

      Luxury Tourism and Environmentalism

      By: Geoffrey Jones
      This chapter examines the evolution of luxury tourism and its environmental impact. Whilst mass tourism is widely seen as environmentally damaging, the impact of luxury tourism is nuanced. During the first stage of the growth in the nineteenth century, the numbers of...  View Details
      Keywords: Luxury Consumption; Environmentalism; Tourism; Green Business; Luxury; History; Ethics; Globalization; Environmental Management; Business History; Tourism Industry; Antarctica; Latin America; North and Central America; Europe; Switzerland; Chile; Costa Rica; Africa; Kenya
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      Jones, Geoffrey. "Luxury Tourism and Environmentalism." Chap. 27 in The Oxford Handbook of Luxury Business, edited by Pierre-Yves Donzé, Véronique Pouillard, and Joanne Roberts, 571–590. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press, 2022.
      • June 2021
      • Case

      One Family Textiles: Stepping Back to Move Forward?

      By: V.G. Narayanan, Alpana Thapar and Fares Khrais
      This case explores how a family business builds a board that includes independent directors that helps to professionalize and strengthen governance in the company. The case relates to One Family Textiles, an Abu Dhabi-headquartered manufacturer of garments. The company...  View Details
      Keywords: Governance; Growth and Development Strategy; Operations; Governing and Advisory Boards; Business History; Decision Making; Accounting
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      Narayanan, V.G., Alpana Thapar, and Fares Khrais. "One Family Textiles: Stepping Back to Move Forward?" Harvard Business School Case 121-045, June 2021.
      • February 2021 (Revised June 2021)
      • Case

      Barbarians at the Gate or Turnaround Gurus? Private Equity and the Rise of the LBO

      By: Tom Nicholas and John Masko
      During the 1980s, leveraged buyouts (LBOs) and the private equity (PE) firms responsible for carrying them out revolutionized both investment and management in the U.S. Between 1980 and 1989, buyout activity in the U.S. surged from $1 billion per year to $60 billion....  View Details
      Keywords: Leveraged Buyouts; Mergers and Acquisitions; Business Conglomerates; Restructuring; Borrowing and Debt; Private Equity; Bonds; Investment Return; Institutional Investing; Profit Sharing; Business History; Management Style; Private Ownership; Performance Effectiveness; Value Creation; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Nicholas, Tom, and John Masko. "Barbarians at the Gate or Turnaround Gurus? Private Equity and the Rise of the LBO." Harvard Business School Case 821-016, February 2021. (Revised June 2021.)
      • February 12, 2021
      • Article

      The Commercial Space Age Is Here

      By: Matt Weinzierl and Mehak Sarang
      In May of 2020, SpaceX made history as the first private company to send humans into space. This marks not only a tremendous technological achievement, but also the first indication that an entirely new “space-for-space” industry—that is, goods and services designed to...  View Details
      Keywords: Space Economy; New Markets; Emerging Markets; Opportunities; Entrepreneurship; Commercialization; Aerospace Industry
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      Weinzierl, Matt, and Mehak Sarang. "The Commercial Space Age Is Here." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (February 12, 2021).
      • September 2020 (Revised April 2021)
      • Case

      Hitachi Rail Limited (A)

      By: David J. Collis, Akiko Kanno and Nobuo Sato
      Hitachi must decide whether to make a British executive, who has successfully built its European rail business from scratch, head of its global rail division even though the bulk of revenues for the unit still come from Japan. The case describes the history of Hitachi...  View Details
      Keywords: Global Strategy; Leadership; Values and Beliefs; Human Resources; Globalized Firms and Management; Organizational Structure; Rail Industry; Japan
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      Collis, David J., Akiko Kanno, and Nobuo Sato. "Hitachi Rail Limited (A)." Harvard Business School Case 721-364, September 2020. (Revised April 2021.)
      • September 2020
      • Case

      Keeping It in the Family at the Hayden Saw Company

      By: V.G. Narayanan and John Masko
      In 2019, Board Chair and third-generation shareholder Helen Fullerton was preparing for a meeting to discuss Ohio-based Hayden Saw Company’s (Hayden) future as a family business. As the company entered its fifth decade, the Hayden family was dealing with three distinct...  View Details
      Keywords: Family Business; Corporate Governance; Family Ownership; Business and Shareholder Relations; Family and Family Relationships; Governing and Advisory Boards; Construction Industry; Ohio; United States
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      Narayanan, V.G., and John Masko. "Keeping It in the Family at the Hayden Saw Company." Harvard Business School Case 121-026, September 2020.
      • August 2020 (Revised July 2021)
      • Case

      From Farm Boy to Financier: Eiichi Shibusawa and the Creation of Modern Japan

      By: Geoffrey Jones, Gabriel Ellsworth and Ryo Takahashi
      This case describes the career of Eiichi Shibusawa (1840-1931), a serial entrepreneur who is widely known as the “father of Japanese capitalism” and as a pioneer of socially responsible investment. Born in feudal Edo Japan, following the Meiji Restoration in 1868...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Personal Development and Career; Business History; Ethics; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Economy; Society; Japan
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      Jones, Geoffrey, Gabriel Ellsworth, and Ryo Takahashi. "From Farm Boy to Financier: Eiichi Shibusawa and the Creation of Modern Japan." Harvard Business School Case 321-043, August 2020. (Revised July 2021.)
      • August 2020 (Revised February 2021)
      • Case

      Luckin Coffee (A): Caffeine-fueled Growth?

      By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Karen Elterman
      This case describes the founding of Chinese coffee chain Luckin Coffee in 2017 and its path to surpassing Starbucks as the largest coffee chain in China (by number of stores) in 2019. Unlike Starbucks stores, which were designed to be welcoming “third places” for...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Model; Business Earnings; Cost; Cost Management; Financial Statements; Financial Condition; Financial Management; Stocks; Profit; Revenue; Price; Food; Business History; Employment; Brands and Branding; Product Positioning; Marketing Strategy; Business Strategy; Expansion; Competitive Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry; Technology Industry; Asia; China
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      Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Karen Elterman. "Luckin Coffee (A): Caffeine-fueled Growth?" Harvard Business School Case 721-370, August 2020. (Revised February 2021.)
      • July 2020 (Revised September 2021)
      • Case

      Mr. Five Percent: Calouste Gulbenkian and the Origins of Global Oil

      By: Geoffrey Jones and Yazeed Al-Rashed
      This case describes the business career of Calouste Gulbenkian, a skilled intermediary who was able to secure 5 percent of a vast oil concession covering much of the Middle East that was signed in 1928. Gulbenkian was an ethnic Armenian born in the Ottoman Empire,...  View Details
      Keywords: Oil; Globalization; Energy Sources; History; Biography; Energy Industry; Turkey; Central Asia; Middle East
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      Jones, Geoffrey, and Yazeed Al-Rashed. "Mr. Five Percent: Calouste Gulbenkian and the Origins of Global Oil." Harvard Business School Case 321-003, July 2020. (Revised September 2021.)
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Cephalosporins: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances

      By: Amar Bhidé, Srikant Datar and Katherine Stebbins
      Our case history describes the development of three generations of cephalosporins—antibiotics that have significantly reduced hospital infections. After providing an overview of antibiotic development and its challenges we describe how: 1) Early (pre-cephalosporin)...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Technological Innovation; Innovation Strategy; Technology Adoption; Collaborative Innovation and Invention; Innovation and Invention; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms
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      Bhidé, Amar, Srikant Datar, and Katherine Stebbins. "Cephalosporins: Case Histories of Significant Medical Advances." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-133, July 2020. (Revised May 2021.)
      • June 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Brand Storytelling at Shinola

      By: Jill Avery, Giana M. Eckhardt and Michael Beverland
      Detroit, Michigan, aka “The Motor City,” is known as the birthplace of most of the American classic automotive brands. It is a city filled with the rich history of the industrial age, the pride of American manufacturing, and of the soulful sounds of Motown music. It is...  View Details
      Keywords: Brand Storytelling; Brand Management; Brand Management Of Places; Luxury Brand; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Advertising; Luxury; Marketing Strategy; Consumer Products Industry; United States
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      Avery, Jill, Giana M. Eckhardt, and Michael Beverland. "Brand Storytelling at Shinola." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-127, June 2020.
      • June 2020
      • Article

      Lazy Prices

      By: Lauren Cohen, Christopher J. Malloy and Quoc Nguyen
      We explore the implications of a subtle "default" choice that firms make in their regular reporting practices, namely that firms typically repeat what they most recently reported. Using the complete history of regular quarterly and annual filings by U.S. corporations...  View Details
      Keywords: Default Behavior; Inertia; Firms; Disclosure; Information; Business or Company Management; Behavior; Annual Reports; Corporate Disclosure; Financial Reporting; United States
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      Cohen, Lauren, Christopher J. Malloy, and Quoc Nguyen. "Lazy Prices." Journal of Finance 75, no. 3 (June 2020): 1371–1415. (Winner of the First Prize, Chicago Quantitative Alliance Academic Paper Competition, 2016. Winner of the Jack Treynor Prize for superior work in the field of investment management and financial markets, sponsored by the Q-Group,The Institute for Quantitative Research in Finance, 2016. Winner of the Hillcrest Behavioral Finance Prize, 2016.)
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