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- March 2022 (Revised April 2022)
- Case
Pittsburgh: A Successful City?
Pittsburgh, PA, was once the crown jewel of American heavy industry. During the 19th and 20th centuries, the city was an undisputed leader in steel production, boasting some of the largest companies and wealthiest individuals in the world. Its abundance of...
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Keywords:
Economic And Social Disparities;
Economic Development;
Local Economic Development;
Contextual Intelligence;
Contextual Knowledge;
Context;
City Growth;
City Innovation;
City Leadership;
Pittsburgh;
Local Government;
Local Stakeholders;
Business And Community;
Business And Community Relations;
Community Engagement;
Community Relations;
Cross-sector Collaboration;
Innovation;
Innovation Economy;
Innovation Clusters;
Innovation Ecosystems;
Shared Prosperity;
Equality Of Opportunity;
Equity;
Inclusion;
Business And Government;
Business & Government Relations;
Business And Government Relations;
Business And Society;
Neighborhoods;
Race And Ethnicity;
Innovation & Entrepreneurship;
Diversity;
Ethnicity;
Race;
Household;
Income;
Economic Growth;
Economic Sectors;
Economics;
Local Range;
Urban Development;
Urban Scope;
City;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Government and Politics;
Government Administration;
Growth and Development;
History;
Leadership;
Goals and Objectives;
Philanthropy and Charitable Giving;
Society;
Civil Society or Community;
Culture;
Human Needs;
Public Opinion;
Public Sector;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Equality and Inequality;
Manufacturing Industry;
Steel Industry;
Education Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Technology Industry;
United States;
Pittsburgh;
Pennsylvania
- March 2022
- Article
Winner Takes All? Tech Clusters, Population Centers, and the Spatial Transformation of U.S. Invention
By: Brad Chattergoon and William R. Kerr
U.S. invention has become increasingly concentrated around major tech centers since the 1970s, with implications for how much cities across the country share in concomitant local benefits. Is invention becoming a winner-takes-all race? We explore the rising spatial...
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Keywords:
Clusters;
Invention;
Agglomeration;
Artificial Intelligence;
Innovation and Invention;
Patents;
Applications and Software;
Industry Clusters;
AI and Machine Learning
Chattergoon, Brad, and William R. Kerr. "Winner Takes All? Tech Clusters, Population Centers, and the Spatial Transformation of U.S. Invention." Art. 104418. Research Policy 51, no. 2 (March 2022).
- Article
How NFTs Create Value
By: Steve Kaczynski and Scott Duke Kominers
How much could a cluster of pixels possibly be worth? More pointedly, why is it worth anything at all? The explosion of NFTs and their accompanying marketplaces have left many baffled, incredulous, and deeply skeptical. But while NFTs may be fetching eye-popping,...
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Keywords:
Technological And Scientific Innovation;
Crypto Economy;
Blockchain;
Technological Innovation;
Currency;
Technology Adoption;
Digital Transformation
Kaczynski, Steve, and Scott Duke Kominers. "How NFTs Create Value." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (November 10, 2021).
- 2021
- Working Paper
Winner Takes All? Tech Clusters, Population Centers, and the Spatial Transformation of U.S. Invention
By: Brad Chattergoon and William R. Kerr
U.S. invention has become increasingly concentrated around major tech centers since the 1970s, with implications for how much cities across the country share in concomitant local benefits. Is invention becoming a winner-takes-all race? We explore the rising spatial...
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Keywords:
Invention;
Innovation;
Artificial Intelligence;
Clusters;
Agglomeration;
Innovation and Invention;
Patents;
Applications and Software;
Industry Clusters;
United States
Chattergoon, Brad, and William R. Kerr. "Winner Takes All? Tech Clusters, Population Centers, and the Spatial Transformation of U.S. Invention." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-027, October 2021. (NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29456, November 2021.)
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Demand for Executive Skills
By: Stephen Hansen, Raffaella Sadun, Tejas Ramdas and Joseph B. Fuller
We use a unique corpus of job descriptions for C-suite positions to document skills requirements in top managerial occupations across a large sample of firms. A novel algorithm maps the text of each executive search into six separate skill clusters reflecting...
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Keywords:
C-Suite;
Jobs and Positions;
Competency and Skills;
Management Skills;
Job Search;
Job Design and Levels
Hansen, Stephen, Raffaella Sadun, Tejas Ramdas, and Joseph B. Fuller. "The Demand for Executive Skills." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-133, June 2021.
- 2021
- Working Paper
The Demand for Executive Skills
By: Stephen Hansen, Tejas Ramdas, Raffaella Sadun and Joseph B. Fuller
We use a unique corpus of job descriptions for C-suite positions to document skills requirements in top managerial occupations across a large sample of firms. A novel algorithm maps the text of each executive search into six separate skill clusters reflecting...
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Hansen, Stephen, Tejas Ramdas, Raffaella Sadun, and Joseph B. Fuller. "The Demand for Executive Skills." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28959, June 2021.
- 2022
- Working Paper
Data Architecture, Machine Learning and Firm Productivity
By: Sam (Ruiqing) Cao and Marco Iansiti
As enterprise IT systems increasingly incorporate machine learning technology, it is crucial to
understand complementary organizational practices that allow firms to unleash productivity benefits from
adoption. This study examines the relationship between machine...
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Keywords:
Organizations;
Information Technology;
Performance Productivity;
Growth and Development;
Transformation
Cao, Sam (Ruiqing), and Marco Iansiti. "Data Architecture, Machine Learning and Firm Productivity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-122, May 2021. (Revised May 2022.)
- August 2020 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
1928 Diagnostics: Fighting Antibiotics Resistance
By: Ariel D. Stern and Daniela Beyersdorfer
In 2019, the co-founders of the Swedish medical start-up 1928 Diagnostics, CEO Dr. Kristina Lagerstedt and COO Dr. Susanne Staaf, had to pick the right business model to commercialize their novel technology to hospitals and health care providers. Developed in...
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Keywords:
Health Care and Treatment;
Entrepreneurship;
Leadership;
Science-Based Business;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Information Technology;
Digital Platforms;
Health Disorders;
Market Entry and Exit;
Value Creation;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Health Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Technology Industry;
Europe;
Sweden
Stern, Ariel D., and Daniela Beyersdorfer. "1928 Diagnostics: Fighting Antibiotics Resistance." Harvard Business School Case 621-025, August 2020. (Revised January 2022.)
- Summer 2020
- Article
Tech Clusters
By: William R. Kerr and Frederic Robert-Nicoud
Tech clusters like Silicon Valley play a central role for modern innovation, business competitiveness, and economic performance. This paper reviews what constitutes a tech cluster, how they function internally, and the degree to which policy makers can purposefully...
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Keywords:
Clusters;
Agglomeration;
Innovation;
Industry Clusters;
Innovation and Invention;
Entrepreneurship;
Patents
Kerr, William R., and Frederic Robert-Nicoud. "Tech Clusters." Journal of Economic Perspectives 34, no. 3 (Summer 2020): 50–76.
- 2020
- Article
Immigrant Entrepreneurship in America: Evidence from the Survey of Business Owners 2007 & 2012
By: Sari Pekkala Kerr and William R. Kerr
We study immigrant entrepreneurship in 2007 and 2012 using the Survey of Business Owners. First-generation immigrants create about 25% of new firms in America, but this share exceeds 40% in some states. Immigrant-owned firms tend to create fewer jobs than native-owned...
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Keywords:
Job Creation;
Employee Benefits;
Owner Demographics;
Exports;
Outsourcing;
Immigration;
Entrepreneurship;
Ownership;
Demographics;
Jobs and Positions;
Compensation and Benefits;
United States
Kerr, Sari Pekkala, and William R. Kerr. "Immigrant Entrepreneurship in America: Evidence from the Survey of Business Owners 2007 & 2012." Art. 103918. Research Policy 49, no. 3 (April 2020).
- 2020
- Working Paper
How Do Private Equity Fees Vary Across Public Pensions?
By: Juliane Begenau and Emil Siriwardane
We study how investment fees vary within private-capital funds. Net-of-fee return clustering suggests that most funds have two tiers of fees, and we decompose differences across tiers into both management and performance-based fees. Managers of venture capital funds...
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Keywords:
Pension Funds;
Fee Dispersion;
Search And Negotiation Frictions;
Private Equity;
Investment Funds
Begenau, Juliane, and Emil Siriwardane. "How Do Private Equity Fees Vary Across Public Pensions?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-073, January 2020. (Revised March 2022.)
- 2020
- Working Paper
Tech Clusters
By: William R. Kerr and Frederic Robert-Nicoud
Tech clusters like Silicon Valley play a central role for modern innovation, business competitiveness, and economic performance. This paper reviews what constitutes a tech cluster, how they function internally, and the degree to which policy makers can purposefully...
View Details
Keywords:
Clusters;
Agglomeration;
Innovation;
Industry Clusters;
Innovation and Invention;
Entrepreneurship;
Patents
Kerr, William R., and Frederic Robert-Nicoud. "Tech Clusters." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-063, November 2019. (Revised June 2020.)
- 2019
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize
The purpose of this chapter is to explain what the technologies of flow production with stochastic bottlenecks require and reward in organizations. I argue that organizations successfully implementing these technologies are likely to have unified governance and...
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Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 9 Organizing to Rationalize." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-033, September 2019.
- 2019
- Chapter
Spatial Agglomeration and Superstar Firms: Firm-level Patterns from Europe and U.S.
By: Laura Alfaro, Maggie X. Chen and Harald Fadinger
We characterize the agglomeration patterns of industries and plants in Europe, distinguishing Eurozone countries and the United States. Using a micro-level index, we quantify the degree of geographic concentration in industrial activities and explore how firm...
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Alfaro, Laura, Maggie X. Chen, and Harald Fadinger. "Spatial Agglomeration and Superstar Firms: Firm-level Patterns from Europe and U.S." In ECB Forum on Central Banking, 17-19 June 2019, Sintra, Portugal: 20 years of European Economic and Monetary Union: Conference Proceedings. Frankfurt: European Central Bank, 2019.
- 2019
- Chapter
Location Fundamentals, Agglomeration Economies, and the Geography of Multinational Firms
By: Laura Alfaro and Maggie Xiaoyang Chen
Multinationals exhibit distinct agglomeration patterns, which have transformed the global landscape of industrial production (Alfaro and Chen, 2014). Using a unique worldwide plant-level dataset that reports detailed location, ownership, and operation information for...
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Keywords:
Multinational Firm;
Economic Geography;
Agglomeration;
Location Fundamentals;
Agglomeration Economies;
Multinational Firms and Management;
Geographic Location;
Industry Clusters;
Economics
Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie Xiaoyang Chen. "Location Fundamentals, Agglomeration Economies, and the Geography of Multinational Firms." Chap. 10 in The Oxford Handbook of Structural Transformation, edited by Célestin Monga and Justin Yifu Lin. Oxford University Press, 2019.
- 2018
- Working Paper
Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity
The purpose of this chapter is to relate the theory of task networks and technology set forth in previous chapters to theories of firm boundaries from economics and management. Complementary goods have more value when used together than separately. Complementarity may...
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Keywords:
Complementarity
Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-036, October 2018.
- September 2018
- Article
Knowledge Integrators and the Survival of Manufacturing Clusters
By: Giulio Buciuni and Gary P. Pisano
Over the past two decades, the greater prevalence of global supply chains has had contrasting effects on Western manufacturing clusters. While some of them dwindled, others proved resilient. Contributing to the recent literature on co-located clusters and clusters'...
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Buciuni, Giulio, and Gary P. Pisano. "Knowledge Integrators and the Survival of Manufacturing Clusters." Special Issue on Challenges in International Business Development. Journal of Economic Geography 118, no. 5 (September 2018): 1069–1089.
- Article
Navigating Talent Hot Spots
By: William R. Kerr
Innovation clusters like San Francisco and Boston have long had an outsize impact on the global economy, and their influence keeps growing. In 2017, for instance, America’s ten largest tech hubs accounted for 58% of U.S. patents. Globally, cities such as Tokyo, Paris,...
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Keywords:
Talent and Talent Management;
Innovation and Invention;
Urban Scope;
Industry Clusters;
Innovation and Management
Kerr, William R. "Navigating Talent Hot Spots." Harvard Business Review 96, no. 5 (September–October 2018): 80–86.
- 2018
- Working Paper
Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century
By: Ufuk Akcigit, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas and Stefanie Stantcheva
This paper studies the effect of corporate and personal taxes on innovation in the United States over the 20th century. We use three new datasets: a panel of the universe of inventors who patent since 1920; a dataset of the employment, location, and patents of firms...
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Akcigit, Ufuk, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas, and Stefanie Stantcheva. "Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 24982, September 2018. (Forthcoming in Quarterly Journal of Economics.)
- August 2018 (Revised April 2019)
- Case
Chateau Winery (A): Unsupervised Learning
By: Srikant M. Datar and Caitlin N. Bowler
This case follows Bill Booth, marketing manager of a regional wine distributor, as he applies unsupervised learning on data about his customers’ purchases to better understand their preferences. Specifically, he uses the K-means clustering technique to identify groups...
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Datar, Srikant M., and Caitlin N. Bowler. "Chateau Winery (A): Unsupervised Learning." Harvard Business School Case 119-023, August 2018. (Revised April 2019.)