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      • Faculty Publications  (66)

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      • May 2023
      • Article

      Decarbonizing Health Care: Engaging Leaders in Change

      By: Vivian S. Lee, Kathy Gerwig, Emily Hough, Kedar Mate, Robert Biggio and Robert S. Kaplan
      Health care leaders are often surprised to learn that their operations contribute significantly to a warming climate. In addition to their roles as responders to and victims of extreme weather events, health care organizations have an obligation to reduce...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care; Decarbonization; Carbon Emissions; Net-zero Emissions; Climate Change; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry
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      Lee, Vivian S., Kathy Gerwig, Emily Hough, Kedar Mate, Robert Biggio, and Robert S. Kaplan. "Decarbonizing Health Care: Engaging Leaders in Change." NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 4, no. 5 (May 2023).
      • April 21, 2023
      • Article

      When Scenario Planning Fails

      By: Kalle Heikkinen, William R. Kerr, Mika Malin, Panu Routila and Eemil Rupponen
      How can organizations perform scenario planning when they are hit by shocks outside of leaders’ field of vision? Interviews with Nordic executives, who experienced both the Covid-19 pandemic and were in close proximity to Russia as the country invaded Ukraine, can...  View Details
      Keywords: Planning; Crisis Management; Organizational Structure; Forecasting and Prediction; System Shocks; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Heikkinen, Kalle, William R. Kerr, Mika Malin, Panu Routila, and Eemil Rupponen. "When Scenario Planning Fails." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (April 21, 2023).
      • April 2023
      • Technical Note

      An Art & A Science: How to Apply Design Thinking to Data Science Challenges

      By: Michael Parzen, Eddie Lin, Douglas Ng and Jessie Li
      We hear it all the time as managers: “what is the data that backs up your decisions?” Even local mom-and-pop shops now have access to complex point-of-sale systems that can closely track sales and customer data. Social media influencers have turned into seven-figure...  View Details
      Keywords: Decision Making; Framework; Analytics and Data Science
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      Parzen, Michael, Eddie Lin, Douglas Ng, and Jessie Li. "An Art & A Science: How to Apply Design Thinking to Data Science Challenges." Harvard Business School Technical Note 623-070, April 2023.
      • Other Article

      Introduction

      By: Stefano Brusoni, Joachim Henkel, Michael G Jacobides, Samina Karim, Alan MacCormack, Phanish Puranam and Melissa Schilling
      In 2000, Carliss Baldwin and Kim Clark published Design Rules: The Power of Modularity, a book that introduced new ways of understanding and explaining the architecture of complex systems. This Special Issue of Industrial and Corporate Change celebrates...  View Details
      Keywords: Complex Systems; Industry Structure; Systems Design; Complexity; Organizational Design; Competitive Strategy; Innovation and Management
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      Brusoni, Stefano, Joachim Henkel, Michael G Jacobides, Samina Karim, Alan MacCormack, Phanish Puranam, and Melissa Schilling. "Introduction." Special Issue on The Power of Modularity: Twenty Years of Design Rules. Industrial and Corporate Change 32, no. 1 (February 2023): 1–10.
      • Working Paper

      Representation and Extrapolation: Evidence from Clinical Trials

      By: Marcella Alsan, Maya Durvasula, Harsh Gupta, Joshua Schwartzstein and Heidi L. Williams
      This article examines the consequences and causes of low enrollment of Black patients in clinical trials. We develop a simple model of similarity-based extrapolation that predicts that evidence is more relevant for decision-making by physicians and patients when it...  View Details
      Keywords: Representation; Racial Disparity; Health Testing and Trials; Race; Equality and Inequality; Innovation and Invention; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Alsan, Marcella, Maya Durvasula, Harsh Gupta, Joshua Schwartzstein, and Heidi L. Williams. "Representation and Extrapolation: Evidence from Clinical Trials." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30575, October 2022. (Revise and resubmit, Quarterly Journal of Economics.)
      • July 15, 2022
      • Article

      Does Elon Musk Have a Strategy?

      By: Andy Wu and Goran Calic
      Does Elon Musk have a strategy? Or is he just out there winging it? Looking at Musk’s many companies, common themes stand out across three areas: what fits into his vision for problems to solve, how he designs an organization as a solution to those problems, and why he...  View Details
      Keywords: Technology; Strategy; Vision; Resources; Organization; Platform; Closed Systems; Leadership; Complexity; Organizational Design; Vertical Integration; Problems and Challenges; Success; Auto Industry; Aerospace Industry; Media and Broadcasting Industry; Energy Industry
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      Wu, Andy, and Goran Calic. "Does Elon Musk Have a Strategy?" Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (July 15, 2022).
      • October 7, 2021
      • Article

      How to Resolve America's Hidden-Worker Problem

      By: Joseph B. Fuller
      Most companies rely on recruiting systems that are superficially efficient but consistently ineffective at closing their chronic skills gaps. Is there a dearth of workers or are employers looking for talent in a self-limiting way?  View Details
      Keywords: Talent Acquisition; HR; Talent and Talent Management; Recruitment; Leadership; Human Resources
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      Fuller, Joseph B. "How to Resolve America's Hidden-Worker Problem." SHRM Executive Network (October 7, 2021).
      • September 17, 2021
      • Article

      AI Can Help Address Inequity—If Companies Earn Users' Trust

      By: Shunyuan Zhang, Kannan Srinivasan, Param Singh and Nitin Mehta
      While companies may spend a lot of time testing models before launch, many spend too little time considering how they will work in the wild. In particular, they fail to fully consider how rates of adoption can warp developers’ intent. For instance, Airbnb launched a...  View Details
      Keywords: Artificial Intelligence; Algorithmic Bias; Technological Innovation; Perception; Diversity; Equality and Inequality; Trust; AI and Machine Learning
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      Zhang, Shunyuan, Kannan Srinivasan, Param Singh, and Nitin Mehta. "AI Can Help Address Inequity—If Companies Earn Users' Trust." Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (September 17, 2021).
      • May–June 2021
      • Article

      How to Close the Gender Gap

      By: Colleen Ammerman and Boris Groysberg
      Most companies say they’re committed to advancing women into leadership roles. What they may fail to recognize, though, is that systemic barriers are holding women back. As a result, women remain disadvantaged at every stage of their employment and underrepresented in...  View Details
      Keywords: Gender Discrimination; Employment; Gender; Prejudice and Bias; Talent and Talent Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation
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      Ammerman, Colleen, and Boris Groysberg. "How to Close the Gender Gap." Harvard Business Review 99, no. 3 (May–June 2021): 124–133.
      • 2021
      • Book

      Glass Half-Broken: Shattering the Barriers That Still Hold Women Back at Work

      By: Colleen Ammerman and Boris Groysberg
      Why does the gender gap persist and how can we close it? For years women have made up the majority of college-educated workers in the United States. In 2019, the gap between the percentage of women and the percentage of men in the workforce was the smallest on record....  View Details
      Keywords: Women; Career; Gender Gap; Glass Ceiling; Gender; Employment; Personal Development and Career; Equality and Inequality; Organizational Culture; Diversity; Management; Strategy
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      Ammerman, Colleen, and Boris Groysberg. Glass Half-Broken: Shattering the Barriers That Still Hold Women Back at Work. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2021.
      • November 2020 (Revised February 2022)
      • Case

      CommonSpirit Health: Integrating a Merger of Equals

      By: Robert S. Huckman, Hise Gibson and Nicole Gilmore
      Soon after closing the 2019 merger of Catholic Health Initiatives (CHI) and Dignity Health to create CommonSpirit Health, Lloyd Dean and Kevin Lofton -– jointly appointed to the role of CEO – must make several operational and strategic decisions related to the...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care Delivery; Hospital; Merger; Merger Integration; Hospital Mergers; Health Information Technology; CEOs; Health Care and Treatment; Mergers and Acquisitions; Integration; Leadership; Customer Value and Value Chain; Decision Choices and Conditions; Governance; Information Technology; Health Industry; United States
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      Huckman, Robert S., Hise Gibson, and Nicole Gilmore. "CommonSpirit Health: Integrating a Merger of Equals." Harvard Business School Case 621-034, November 2020. (Revised February 2022.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Hospital Allocation and Racial Disparities in Health Care

      By: Amitabh Chandra, Pragya Kakani and Adam Sacarny
      We develop a simple framework to measure the role of hospital allocation in racial disparities in health care and use it to study Black and white Medicare patients who are treated for heart attacks—a condition where virtually everyone receives care, hospital care is...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Equality and Inequality; Race; Analysis
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      Chandra, Amitabh, Pragya Kakani, and Adam Sacarny. "Hospital Allocation and Racial Disparities in Health Care." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28018, November 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Bankruptcy and the COVID-19 Crisis

      By: Jialan Wang, Jeyul Yang, Benjamin Iverson and Ray Kluender
      We examine the impact of the COVID-19 economic crisis on business and consumer bankruptcies in the United States using real-time data on the universe of filings. Historically, bankruptcies have closely tracked the business cycle and contemporaneous unemployment rates....  View Details
      Keywords: Bankruptcy; Financial Distress; COVID-19; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Financial Crisis; Health Pandemics; United States
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      Wang, Jialan, Jeyul Yang, Benjamin Iverson, and Ray Kluender. "Bankruptcy and the COVID-19 Crisis." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-041, September 2020.
      • September 2020 (Revised November 2020)
      • Case

      d.light

      By: Michael Chu, Krishna G. Palepu and Dilyana Karadzhova Botha
      Kenyan off-grid-solar pioneer d.light can power entire homes in rural Africa but must now decide how to fund the growth of its asset-heavy business model. Ned Tozun and Sam Goldman founded d.light in 2006 to transform lives through solar solutions enabling access to...  View Details
      Keywords: Alternative Energy; Business Model; Capital; Emerging Markets; Expansion; Financial Strategy; Renewable Energy; Strategy; Social Entrepreneurship; Energy Industry; Africa; Kenya; India
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      Chu, Michael, Krishna G. Palepu, and Dilyana Karadzhova Botha. "d.light." Harvard Business School Case 321-069, September 2020. (Revised November 2020.)
      • July 2020
      • Teaching Note

      COVID-19: The Global Shutdown

      By: Laura Alfaro and Sarah Jeong
      In the first months of 2020, a pandemic overwhelmed the world. COVID-19, commonly known as the coronavirus, spread from China and created a severe public health emergency across countries. While an immediate fear of the disease’s impact on human life permeaacted...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Health Pandemics; Trade; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics; Financial Crisis; Economy; Policy; Governance; Economic Systems; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Economic Sectors
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Sarah Jeong. "COVID-19: The Global Shutdown." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 321-021, July 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      How Should U.S. Bank Regulators Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis?

      By: Michael Blank, Samuel G. Hanson, Jeremy C. Stein and Adi Sunderam
      Drawing on lessons from the 2007–2009 Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and a simple conceptual framework, we examine the response of U.S. bank regulators to the COVID-19 pandemic. We argue that the current regulatory strategy of “watchful waiting”—the same strategy that...  View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Bank Regulation; Recapitalization; Health Pandemics; Banks and Banking; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Strategy; Risk Management; United States
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      Blank, Michael, Samuel G. Hanson, Jeremy C. Stein, and Adi Sunderam. "How Should U.S. Bank Regulators Respond to the COVID-19 Crisis?" Hutchins Center Working Paper, No. 63, June 2020.
      • May 2020 (Revised July 2020)
      • Case

      COVID-19: The Global Shutdown

      By: Laura Alfaro and Sarah Jeong
      In the first months of 2020, a pandemic overwhelmed the world. COVID-19, commonly known as the coronavirus, spread from China and created a severe public health emergency across countries. While an immediate fear of the disease’s impact on human life permeated society,...  View Details
      Keywords: Trade; Microeconomics; Macroeconomics; Financial Crisis; Economy; Economic Systems; Economic Slowdown and Stagnation; Economic Sectors; Health Pandemics
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Sarah Jeong. "COVID-19: The Global Shutdown." Harvard Business School Case 320-108, May 2020. (Revised July 2020.)
      • August 2019
      • Article

      When and How to Diversify—A Multicategory Utility Model for Personalized Content Recommendation

      By: Yicheng Song, Nachiketa Sahoo and Elie Ofek
      Sometimes we desire change, a break from the same or an opportunity to fulfill different aspects of our needs. Noting that consumers seek variety, several approaches have been developed to diversify items recommended by personalized recommender systems. However,...  View Details
      Keywords: Recommender Systems; Personalization; Recommendation Diversity; Variety Seeking; Collaborative Filtering; Consumer Utility Models; Digital Media; Clickstream Analysis; Learning-to-rank; Consumer Behavior; Media; Customization and Personalization; Strategy; Mathematical Methods
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      Song, Yicheng, Nachiketa Sahoo, and Elie Ofek. "When and How to Diversify—A Multicategory Utility Model for Personalized Content Recommendation." Management Science 65, no. 8 (August 2019): 3737–3757.
      • July–August 2019
      • Article

      The Soul of a Startup

      By: Ranjay Gulati
      There’s an essential, intangible something in start-ups—an energy, a soul. It inspires enthusiasm and fosters a sense of deep connection and mutual purpose. While this spirit persists, engagement is high and businesses keep their edge.
      But all too often,...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Mission and Purpose; Customer Focus and Relationships; Employees; Creativity; Business Growth and Maturation
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      Gulati, Ranjay. "The Soul of a Startup." Harvard Business Review 97, no. 4 (July–August 2019): 85–91.
      • October 2018 (Revised January 2019)
      • Case

      The Financial Crisis: Hank Paulson in 2008

      By: Adi Sunderam, Robin Greenwood, Sam Hanson and David Scharfstein
      On the afternoon of Monday October 13, 2008, Hank Paulson Jr., the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, walked into the large conference room across the hall from his office in the Treasury Department. Joining him were Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke,...  View Details
      Keywords: Bailout; Regulation; Financial Crisis; History; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Decision Making; Banking Industry; Financial Services Industry; Real Estate Industry; United States
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      Sunderam, Adi, Robin Greenwood, Sam Hanson, and David Scharfstein. "The Financial Crisis: Hank Paulson in 2008." Harvard Business School Case 219-037, October 2018. (Revised January 2019.)
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