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    • All HBS Web  (1,810)
      • Faculty Publications  (133)

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      • 2022
      • Article

      Fairness via Explanation Quality: Evaluating Disparities in the Quality of Post hoc Explanations

      By: Jessica Dai, Sohini Upadhyay, Ulrich Aivodji, Stephen Bach and Himabindu Lakkaraju
      As post hoc explanation methods are increasingly being leveraged to explain complex models in high-stakes settings, it becomes critical to ensure that the quality of the resulting explanations is consistently high across all subgroups of a population. For instance, it...  View Details
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      Dai, Jessica, Sohini Upadhyay, Ulrich Aivodji, Stephen Bach, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Fairness via Explanation Quality: Evaluating Disparities in the Quality of Post hoc Explanations." AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Society, and Ethics (AIES) (2022).
      • 2022
      • Article

      Nonparametric Subset Scanning for Detection of Heteroscedasticity

      By: Charles R. Doss and Edward McFowland III
      We propose Heteroscedastic Subset Scan (HSS), a novel method for identifying covariates that are responsible for violations of the homoscedasticity assumption in regression settings. Viewing the problem as one of anomalous pattern detection, we use subset scanning...  View Details
      Keywords: Scan Statistics; Anomaly Detection; Regression; Model Diagnostics
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      Doss, Charles R., and Edward McFowland III. "Nonparametric Subset Scanning for Detection of Heteroscedasticity." Journal of Computational and Graphical Statistics 31, no. 3 (2022): 813–823.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      A Linear Panel Model with Heterogeneous Coefficients and Variation in Exposure

      By: Jesse M. Shapiro and Liyang Sun
      Linear panel models featuring unit and time fixed effects appear in many areas of empirical economics. An active literature studies the interpretation of the ordinary least squares estimator of the model, commonly called the two-way fixed effects (TWFE) estimator, in...  View Details
      Keywords: Econometric Models; Mathematical Methods
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      Shapiro, Jesse M., and Liyang Sun. "A Linear Panel Model with Heterogeneous Coefficients and Variation in Exposure." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 29976, April 2022.
      • Article

      A Prescriptive Analytics Framework for Optimal Policy Deployment Using Heterogeneous Treatment Effects

      By: Edward McFowland III, Sandeep Gangarapu, Ravi Bapna and Tianshu Sun
      We define a prescriptive analytics framework that addresses the needs of a constrained decision-maker facing, ex ante, unknown costs and benefits of multiple policy levers. The framework is general in nature and can be deployed in any utility maximizing context, public...  View Details
      Keywords: Prescriptive Analytics; Heterogeneous Treatment Effects; Optimization; Observed Rank Utility Condition (OUR); Between-treatment Heterogeneity; Machine Learning; Decision Making; Analysis; Mathematical Methods
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      McFowland III, Edward, Sandeep Gangarapu, Ravi Bapna, and Tianshu Sun. "A Prescriptive Analytics Framework for Optimal Policy Deployment Using Heterogeneous Treatment Effects." MIS Quarterly 45, no. 4 (December 2021): 1807–1832.
      • August 2021 (Revised September 2022)
      • Case

      Fair Park Covid-19 Mass Vaccination Site (A)

      By: Willy Shih
      This case is an opportunity to apply the methods of the Toyota Production System (TPS) to the analysis of an everyday service application: administering Covid-19 vaccines. It describes the start-up of a drive-up Covid-19 mass vaccination site at the Texas State Fair...  View Details
      Keywords: Operations Improvement; Operations And Processes; Toyota Production System; COVID-19 Pandemic; Operations; Service Operations; Health Pandemics; Problems and Challenges; Goals and Objectives; Measurement and Metrics; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry; United States; Texas
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      Shih, Willy. "Fair Park Covid-19 Mass Vaccination Site (A)." Harvard Business School Case 622-003, August 2021. (Revised September 2022.)
      • August 2021 (Revised July 2022)
      • Supplement

      Fair Park Covid-19 Mass Vaccination Site (B)

      By: Willy Shih
      This case is an opportunity to apply the methods of the Toyota Production System (TPS) to the analysis of an everyday service application: administering Covid-19 vaccines. It describes the start-up of a drive-up Covid-19 mass vaccination site at the Texas State Fair...  View Details
      Keywords: Operations Management; Operations Improvement; Operations And Processes; Toyota Production System; COVID-19 Pandemic; Operations; Service Operations; Health Pandemics; Service Delivery; Problems and Challenges; Goals and Objectives; Measurement and Metrics; Health Industry; United States
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      Shih, Willy. "Fair Park Covid-19 Mass Vaccination Site (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 622-004, August 2021. (Revised July 2022.)
      • August 2021
      • Article

      Crowdsourcing Memories: Mixed Methods Research by Cultural Insiders-Epistemological Outsiders

      By: Tarun Khanna, Karim R. Lakhani, Shubhangi Bhadada, Nabil Khan, Saba Kohli Davé, Rasim Alam and Meena Hewett
      This paper examines the role that the two lead authors’ personal connections played in the research methodology and data collection for the Partition Stories Project—a mixed-methods approach to revisiting the much-studied historical trauma of the Partition of British...  View Details
      Keywords: Mixed Methods; Insider-outsiders; Myth Of Informed Objectivity; Hybrid Research; Oral Narratives; Research; Analysis; India
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      Khanna, Tarun, Karim R. Lakhani, Shubhangi Bhadada, Nabil Khan, Saba Kohli Davé, Rasim Alam, and Meena Hewett. "Crowdsourcing Memories: Mixed Methods Research by Cultural Insiders-Epistemological Outsiders." Academy of Management Perspectives 35, no. 3 (August 2021): 384–399.
      • August 2021
      • Article

      The Undervalued Power of Self-relevant Research: The Case of Researching Retirement While Retiring

      By: Teresa M. Amabile and Douglas T. (Tim) Hall
      For decades, training in management research has emphasized objectivity, typically viewed as an arm’s length distance between the topic of the research and the interests of the researcher. This emphasis has led most scholars to avoid research topics of deep personal...  View Details
      Keywords: Qualitative Research Methods; Case Research Methods; Organizational Behavior; Careers; Career Changes And Transitions; Self-relevant Research; Research; Personal Development and Career; Transition; Identity; Retirement
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      Amabile, Teresa M., and Douglas T. (Tim) Hall. "The Undervalued Power of Self-relevant Research: The Case of Researching Retirement While Retiring." Academy of Management Perspectives 35, no. 3 (August 2021): 347–366.
      • April 2021
      • Article

      A Model of Multi-Pass Search: Price Search Across Stores and Time

      By: Navid Mojir and K. Sudhir
      In retail settings with price promotions, consumers often search across stores and time. However, the search literature typically only models one pass search across stores, ignoring revisits to stores; the choice literature using scanner data has modeled search across...  View Details
      Keywords: Consumer Search; Multi-pass Search; Price Search; Store Search; Spatial Search; Temporal Search; Spatiotemporal Search; Dynamic Structural Models; MPEC; Price Promotions; Store Loyalty; Consumer Behavior; Price; Spending; Marketing; Mathematical Methods
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      Mojir, Navid, and K. Sudhir. "A Model of Multi-Pass Search: Price Search Across Stores and Time." Management Science 67, no. 4 (April 2021): 2126–2150.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Population Interference in Panel Experiments

      By: Iavor I Bojinov, Kevin Wu Han and Guillaume Basse
      The phenomenon of population interference, where a treatment assigned to one experimental unit affects another experimental unit's outcome, has received considerable attention in standard randomized experiments. The complications produced by population interference in...  View Details
      Keywords: Finite Population; Potential Outcomes; Dynamic Causal Effects; Mathematical Methods
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., Kevin Wu Han, and Guillaume Basse. "Population Interference in Panel Experiments." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-100, March 2021.
      • February 2021 (Revised April 2021)
      • Case

      Board Director Dilemmas—Back the SPAC?

      By: Suraj Srinivasan, David G. Fubini and Amram Migdal
      This case focuses on a board director of a diversified holding company. The firm’s longtime CEO had always exhibited a cautious, methodical approach to growth. Now, the CEO is raising the idea of joining with a special purpose acquisition company (SPAC) to spin off...  View Details
      Keywords: Board Director; Strategy; Change Management; Decision Making
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      Srinivasan, Suraj, David G. Fubini, and Amram Migdal. "Board Director Dilemmas—Back the SPAC?" Harvard Business School Case 121-042, February 2021. (Revised April 2021.)
      • Article

      Beyond Individualized Recourse: Interpretable and Interactive Summaries of Actionable Recourses

      By: Kaivalya Rawal and Himabindu Lakkaraju
      As predictive models are increasingly being deployed in high-stakes decision-making, there has been a lot of interest in developing algorithms which can provide recourses to affected individuals. While developing such tools is important, it is even more critical to...  View Details
      Keywords: Predictive Models; Decision Making; Framework; Mathematical Methods
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      Rawal, Kaivalya, and Himabindu Lakkaraju. "Beyond Individualized Recourse: Interpretable and Interactive Summaries of Actionable Recourses." Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS) 33 (2020).
      • November 2020 (Revised March 2022)
      • Teaching Note

      Social Salary Setting at Spiber

      By: Ashley Whillans and John Beshears
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 920-050. The case tells the story of Spiber, a Japanese technology start-up company. To reflect the company’s values, the leadership team implemented a new and unique salary-setting process: each employee had the authority to choose their...  View Details
      Keywords: Compensation; General Management; Employee Benefits; Incentives; Motivation; Compensation and Benefits; Fairness; Motivation and Incentives; Management; Happiness; Negotiation; Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues; Japan
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      Whillans, Ashley, and John Beshears. "Social Salary Setting at Spiber." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 921-014, November 2020. (Revised March 2022.)
      • Article

      The Importance of Being Causal

      By: Iavor I Bojinov, Albert Chen and Min Liu
      Causal inference is the study of how actions, interventions, or treatments affect outcomes of interest. The methods that have received the lion’s share of attention in the data science literature for establishing causation are variations of randomized experiments....  View Details
      Keywords: Causal Inference; Observational Studies; Cross-sectional Studies; Panel Studies; Interrupted Time-series; Instrumental Variables
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      Bojinov, Iavor I., Albert Chen, and Min Liu. "The Importance of Being Causal." Harvard Data Science Review 2.3 (July 30, 2020).
      • June 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar

      By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
      Teaching Note for HBS Case Nos. 519-061 and 519-062. In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of twenty of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Under the...  View Details
      Keywords: Brand Management; Brand Storytelling; Brand Equity; Market Research; Qualitative Methods; Marketing; Brands and Branding; Marketing Communications; Consumer Behavior; Marketing Strategy; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Avery, Jill, and Gerald Zaltman. "Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-124, June 2020.
      • Article

      Innovation Contests for High-Tech Procurement

      By: Jin Hyun Paik, Martin Scholl, Rinat A. Sergeev, Steven Randazzo and Karim R. Lakhani
      Innovation managers rarely use crowdsourcing as an innovative instrument despite extensive academic and theoretical research. The lack of tools available to compare and measure crowdsourcing, specifically contests, against traditional methods of procuring goods and...  View Details
      Keywords: Open Innovation; Contests; Crowdsourcing; Nasa; Evaluation; Acquisition; Information Technology; Innovation and Invention; Performance Evaluation; Framework
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      Hyun Paik, Jin, Martin Scholl, Rinat A. Sergeev, Steven Randazzo, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Innovation Contests for High-Tech Procurement." Research-Technology Management 63, no. 2 (March–April 2020): 36–45.
      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Impact Investing: A Theory of Financing Social Enterprises

      By: Benjamin N. Roth
      I present a model of financing social enterprises to delineate the role of impact investors relative to “pure” philanthropists. I characterize the optimal scale and structure of a social enterprise when financed by grants, and when financed by investments. Impact...  View Details
      Keywords: Impact Investing; Social Entrepreneurship; Finance; Investment; Mathematical Methods
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      Roth, Benjamin N. "Impact Investing: A Theory of Financing Social Enterprises." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-078, February 2020. (Revised June 2021.)
      • 2020
      • Book

      Teaching by Heart: One Professor's Journey to Inspire

      By: Thomas J. DeLong
      The best teachers are leaders, and the best leaders are teachers. Teaching by Heart summarizes the author's key insights gained from more than 40 years of teaching and managing. It illustrates how teachers can both lift people up and let them down. It proposes...  View Details
      Keywords: Teaching; Leadership; Attitudes; Management; Business Education
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      DeLong, Thomas J. Teaching by Heart: One Professor's Journey to Inspire. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2020.
      • December 2019
      • Technical Note

      Technical Note on Bayesian Statistics and Frequentist Power Calculations

      By: Amitabh Chandra and Ariel Dora Stern
      This Technical Note provides an introduction to Bayes’ Rule and the statistical intuition that stems from it. In this note, we review the concepts that underlie Bayesian statistics, and we offer several simple mathematical examples to illustrate applications of Bayes’...  View Details
      Keywords: Bayesian Statistics; Mathematical Methods
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      Chandra, Amitabh, and Ariel Dora Stern. "Technical Note on Bayesian Statistics and Frequentist Power Calculations." Harvard Business School Technical Note 620-032, December 2019.
      • December 2019
      • Article

      Costly Concessions: An Empirical Framework for Matching with Imperfectly Transferable Utility

      By: Alfred Galichon, Scott Duke Kominers and Simon Weber
      We introduce an empirical framework for models of matching with imperfectly transferable utility and unobserved heterogeneity in tastes. Our framework allows us to characterize matching equilibrium in a flexible way that includes as special cases the classic fully- and...  View Details
      Keywords: Sorting; Matching; Marriage Market; Intrahousehold Allocation; Imperfectly Transferable Utility; Marketplace Matching; Mathematical Methods
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      Galichon, Alfred, Scott Duke Kominers, and Simon Weber. "Costly Concessions: An Empirical Framework for Matching with Imperfectly Transferable Utility." Journal of Political Economy 127, no. 6 (December 2019): 2875–2925.
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