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Every night on the outskirts of Manila, thousands of people lie down to sleep amid acres of rotting food and industrial detritus in a vast urban...
- October 2020
- Case
HOPE and Transformational Lending: Netflix Invests in Black Led Banks
By: John D. Macomber and Janice Broome Brooks
Following the killing of George Floyd on Memorial Day in 2020, the large US corporation Netflix elected to make a "transformational deposit" of $10 million into Hope Credit Union (HCU), a small Black led community development finance institution (CDFI) based in...
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- 2019
- Working Paper
Intelligent Design of Inclusive Growth Strategies
By: Robert S. Kaplan, George Serafeim and Eduardo Tugendhat
Improving corporate engagement with society, as advocated in the Business Roundtable’s 2019 statement, should not be viewed as a zero-sum proposition where attention to new stakeholders detracts from delivering shareholder value. Corporate programs for sustainable and...
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- September 2019 (Revised May 2020)
- Case
Keroche (A): Fighting for Share in the Kenyan Alcoholic Drinks Market
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
This case discusses the challenges faced by Kenyan alcoholic drinks producer Keroche Industries Limited in 2003, when the Kenyan government accused the company of manufacturing and selling substandard alcoholic drinks, revoked its liquor licenses, and shut down its...
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Keywords:
Keroche;
Alcohol;
Wine;
Manufacturing;
Informal Market;
Regulation;
Illicit;
Illegal;
Shutdown;
Factory;
Low-income Consumers;
Multinational;
Local;
Government;
Allegations;
Accusations;
Negative Press;
Eabl;
Tusker;
Beer;
Sab;
Chang'aa;
Naivasha;
Rift Valley;
East Africa;
Lawsuit;
Legal Battle;
Business Ventures;
Business Exit or Shutdown;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Startups;
Production;
Safety;
Quality;
Distribution;
Small Business;
Family Business;
Crime and Corruption;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Decisions;
Income;
Demographics;
Geographic Scope;
Geographic Location;
Goods and Commodities;
Government Legislation;
Growth and Development;
Business History;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Laws and Statutes;
Lawfulness;
Goals and Objectives;
Consumer Behavior;
Market Entry and Exit;
Problems and Challenges;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Strategy;
Competition;
Entrepreneurship;
Manufacturing Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Kenya;
Nairobi;
Africa
- September 2019
- Supplement
Keroche (B): Considering Entry into the Kenyan Beer Market
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
This case discusses the situation of the Kenyan alcoholic drinks producer Keroche in July 2004, when co-founder Tabitha Karanja was debating whether to enter the Kenyan beer market. Doing so would mean direct competition with the multinational EABL in an industry and...
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Keywords:
Keroche;
Alcohol;
Alcoholic Drinks;
Alcoholic Beverages;
Beverages;
Drinks;
Wine Industry;
Wine;
Fortified Wine;
Viena;
Beer;
Beer Market;
Manufacturing;
Production Capacity;
Capacity;
Growth;
Regulated;
Unregulated;
Informal;
Informal Market;
Regulation;
Illicit;
Illegal;
Substandard;
Dangerous;
Shutdown;
Factory;
Safe;
Affordable;
Low-income Consumers;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Startups;
Production;
Investment;
Safety;
Quality;
Small Business;
Family Business;
Crime and Corruption;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Decisions;
Income;
Demographics;
Geographic Scope;
Geographic Location;
Goods and Commodities;
Government Legislation;
Growth and Development;
Business History;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Laws and Statutes;
Lawfulness;
Goals and Objectives;
Consumer Behavior;
Market Entry and Exit;
Problems and Challenges;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Strategy;
Competition;
Entrepreneurship;
Marketing;
Manufacturing Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Kenya;
Nairobi;
Africa
- September 2019 (Revised May 2020)
- Supplement
Keroche (C): The Excise Tax Increase
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
This case discusses the Kenyan government’s decision to increase excise taxes on wines in 2007. The tax increase would cause an average increase in price of 367% on Keroche’s fortified wines. Meanwhile, Keroche’s competitor EABL had effectively lobbied the government...
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Keywords:
Keroche;
Alcohol;
Alcoholic Drinks;
Alcoholic Beverages;
Beverages;
Drinks;
Wine Industry;
Wine;
Fortified Wine;
Business Ventures;
Business Exit or Shutdown;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Startups;
Small Business;
Family Business;
Crime and Corruption;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Decisions;
Income;
Demographics;
Geographic Scope;
Geographic Location;
Goods and Commodities;
Government Legislation;
Growth and Development;
Business History;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Laws and Statutes;
Lawfulness;
Goals and Objectives;
Consumer Behavior;
Market Entry and Exit;
Problems and Challenges;
Safety;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Strategy;
Competition;
Entrepreneurship;
Manufacturing Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Kenya;
Nairobi;
Africa
- September 2019 (Revised May 2020)
- Supplement
Keroche (D): Transforming the Core Business
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
This case describes Keroche co-founder Tabitha Karanja’s decision to exit the wine business following the Kenyan government’s 2007 increase in excise taxes on wine. In August 2007, Keroche introduced the vodka drink Viena Ice as a replacement for its fortified wines,...
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Keywords:
Keroche;
Alcohol;
Alcoholic Beverages;
Alcoholic Drinks;
Beverages;
Drinks;
Wine Industry;
Wine;
Fortified Wine;
Viena;
Viena Ice;
Beer;
Beer Market;
Premium Beer;
Manufacturing;
Summit Lager;
Business Ventures;
Business Exit or Shutdown;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Startups;
Small Business;
Family Business;
Crime and Corruption;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Decisions;
Income;
Demographics;
Geographic Scope;
Geographic Location;
Goods and Commodities;
Government Legislation;
Growth and Development;
Business History;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Laws and Statutes;
Lawfulness;
Goals and Objectives;
Consumer Behavior;
Market Entry and Exit;
Problems and Challenges;
Safety;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Strategy;
Competition;
Manufacturing Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Kenya;
Nairobi;
Africa
- September 2019 (Revised May 2020)
- Supplement
Keroche (E): Considering Additional Capacity
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
This case describes Keroche’s growth after entering the beer business in 2008. Although the company was operating at full capacity and not able to fulfill all of its orders, Tabitha Karanja had set a goal of growing Keroche’s share of the Kenyan beer market from...
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Keywords:
Keroche;
Alcohol;
Alcoholic Beverages;
Beer;
Beer Market;
Premium Beer;
Manufacturing;
Production;
Production Capacity;
Capacity;
Business Ventures;
Business Exit or Shutdown;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Startups;
Small Business;
Family Business;
Crime and Corruption;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Decisions;
Income;
Demographics;
Geographic Scope;
Geographic Location;
Goods and Commodities;
Government Legislation;
Growth and Development;
Business History;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Laws and Statutes;
Lawfulness;
Goals and Objectives;
Consumer Behavior;
Market Entry and Exit;
Problems and Challenges;
Safety;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Strategy;
Competition;
Entrepreneurship;
Investment;
Financing and Loans;
Manufacturing Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry
- September 2019 (Revised May 2020)
- Supplement
Keroche (F): Future Growth Plans
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Pippa Tubman Armerding
This case describes Keroche co-founder Tabitha Karanja’s 2012 decision to invest in additional production capacity. In November 2012, with a loan from Barclay’s bank, Keroche began constructing a new state-of-the-art beer brewery using German technology. The new plant,...
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Keywords:
Keroche;
Alcohol;
Aloholic Beverages;
Beer;
Production Capacity;
Growth;
Business Ventures;
Business Exit or Shutdown;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Startups;
Small Business;
Family Business;
Crime and Corruption;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Decisions;
Income;
Demographics;
Geographic Scope;
Geographic Location;
Goods and Commodities;
Government Legislation;
Growth and Development;
Business History;
Lawsuits and Litigation;
Laws and Statutes;
Lawfulness;
Goals and Objectives;
Consumer Behavior;
Market Entry and Exit;
Problems and Challenges;
Safety;
Social Issues;
Poverty;
Strategy;
Competition;
Entrepreneurship;
Manufacturing Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Kenya;
Nairobi;
Africa
- April 2019 (Revised April 2020)
- Case
Reaganomics: Impact and Legacy
By: Tom Nicholas, John Masko and Matthew G. Preble
During the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan and his administration instituted several far-reaching economic policies that had both near- and long-term impacts on such aspects of the U.S. economy as monetary policy, inflation, the tax structure, and the role of...
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- December 2018 (Revised February 2019)
- Case
Associação Saúde Criança: Trying to Break the Cycle of Poverty and Illness at Scale
By: Julie Battilana, Marissa Kimsey, Priscilla Zogbi and Johanna Mair
Dr. Vera Cordeiro founded the NGO Associação Saúde Criança in 1991 to try to help poor families break the cycle of poverty and illness in Brazil. She and her team of employees and volunteers developed a holistic methodology to address the multidimensional sources of...
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- 2018
- Working Paper
Alleviating Time Poverty among the Working Poor: A Pre-Registered Longitudinal Field Experiment
By: Ashley V. Whillans and Colin West
Poverty entails more than a scarcity of material resources—it also involves a shortage of time. To examine the causal benefits of reducing time poverty, we will conduct a longitudinal field experiment in an urban slum in Kenya with a sample of working mothers, a...
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Keywords:
Time;
Money;
Subjective Well-being;
Administrative Costs;
Friction;
Poverty;
Welfare;
Perception
- February 2018 (Revised June 2018)
- Case
Uruguay: Facing the 21st Century
By: Sophus A. Reinert, Michael Chu and Carin-Isabel Knoop
In the fall of 2017, self-made business leader Edgardo Novick pondered his campaign to be elected President of Uruguay, “the Switzerland of Latin America.” Inspired by populist revolts against the status quo observable worldwide, Novick hoped he could ride popular...
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- February 2018 (Revised March 2018)
- Case
ArcelorMittal and the Ebola Outbreak in Liberia
By: Sophus A. Reinert, Sarah Nam, Sisi Pan and Eric Werker
During the summer of 2014, Alan Knight, general manager of corporate responsibility at the integrated steel and mining company ArcelorMittal, observed the unfolding of an Ebola epidemic in Liberia and other countries in West Africa with great concern. On the one hand...
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Keywords:
Ebola;
Epidemics;
Ebola Private Sector Mobalization Group;
Epsmg;
Civil War;
Sovereignty;
Change Management;
Judgments;
Development Economics;
Geopolitical Units;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Emerging Markets;
Business and Community Relations;
Business and Government Relations;
Safety;
War;
Wealth and Poverty;
Welfare;
Crisis Management;
Mining Industry;
Liberia
- January 2018 (Revised February 2018)
- Technical Note
The Scope of Business at the Base of the Pyramid: Poverty in the U.S. and Other OECD Countries
By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Tricia Gregg
Using data from U.S. Census and OECD, this note defines poverty as those populations who fall below 50% of that country’s median per capita income. It then provides a brief statistical tour of six key challenges facing such populations: Income and Jobs, Healthcare,...
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- January–February 2018
- Article
Inclusive Growth: Profitable Strategies for Tackling Poverty and Inequality
By: Robert S. Kaplan, George Serafeim and Eduardo Tugendhat
More than a billion people in the developing world remain in extreme poverty and outside the formal economy. Traditional CSR programs have done little to alleviate the situation and rarely produce transformative change.
Instead of trying to fix local problems,... View Details
Instead of trying to fix local problems,... View Details
Keywords:
Inclusive Growth;
Sustainability;
Social Impact;
Business Strategy;
Shared Value;
Impact Investing;
Inequality;
Corporate Governance;
Balanced Scorecard;
Strategy Execution;
Economic Growth;
Developing Countries and Economies;
Poverty;
Equality and Inequality;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
Strategy;
Investment
- July 2017 (Revised November 2017)
- Case
Propel
By: Mitchell Weiss and Sarah McAra
In 2014, Jimmy Chen, a former product manager at Facebook, founded the start-up Propel to build software for low-income Americans. After conducting in-depth behavioral research, Chen and his small team in New York City began to develop technology to address the...
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Keywords:
Public Entrepreneurship;
Govtech;
Food Stamps;
Ebt;
Mobile App;
User Research;
Financial Services Referrals;
Grocery Marketing;
Customer Discovery;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Entrepreneurship;
Public Sector;
Business Model;
Research;
Social Enterprise;
Poverty;
Welfare;
Mobile Technology;
Software;
Technology Industry;
United States
- 2017
- Working Paper
Business History, the Great Divergence and the Great Convergence
By: Geoffrey Jones
This working paper provides a business history perspective on debates about the Great Divergence, the rise of the income gap between the West and the Rest, and the more recent Great Convergence, which has seen a narrowing of that gap. The literature on the timing and...
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- May 2017 (Revised November 2017)
- Case
Cotopaxi: Managing Growth for Good
By: Andy Wu and Laura Huang
Cotopaxi, an innovative outdoor gear business targeting millennials, focuses on profit and social impact. This registered benefit corporation was formed by Davis Smith who coalesced his experiences as a Wharton MBA student along with professional knowledge from an...
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- July 2015 (Revised October 2015)
- Case
Building Strong Partnerships at the Inter-American Development Bank
By: Amy C. Edmondson, Erin L. Henry, Andreas Georgoulias and Natalie Bartlett
Building Strong Partnerships at the Inter-American Development Bank details the development of the bank's new Office of Outreach Partnerships to sustain a culture of innovation through maintaining and generating partnerships in order to fulfill the bank's greater...
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Keywords:
Business Organization;
Business And Community;
Well-being;
Wealth and Poverty;
Organizational Structure;
Groups and Teams;
Organizational Culture;
Technology Adoption;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Business and Government Relations;
Change Management;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Expansion;
Partners and Partnerships;
Restructuring;
Welfare or Wellbeing;
Business and Community Relations;
Non-Governmental Organizations;
Banking Industry;
Latin America
- November 2014
- Case
BRAC in 2014
By: Tarun Khanna, Rachna Tahilyani, Reeti Roy and Aldo Sesia
In the early 1970s BRAC was a startup nongovernmental organization (NGO) working in Bangladesh. By 2014, it was the world's largest NGO. It had a strong presence in Bangladesh and had begun to deliver social development programs in nine other countries. Its founder and...
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