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      • 2023
      • Article

      Association Between Regulatory Submission Characteristics and Recalls of Medical Devices Receiving 510(k) Clearance

      By: Alexander O. Everhart, Soumya Sen, Ariel D. Stern, Yi Zhu and Pinar Karaca-Mandic
      Importance: Most regulated medical devices enter the U.S. market via the 510(k) regulatory submission pathway, wherein manufacturers demonstrate that applicant devices are “substantially equivalent” to 1 or more “predicate” devices (legally marketed medical devices...  View Details
      Keywords: Recalls; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
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      Everhart, Alexander O., Soumya Sen, Ariel D. Stern, Yi Zhu, and Pinar Karaca-Mandic. "Association Between Regulatory Submission Characteristics and Recalls of Medical Devices Receiving 510(k) Clearance." JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association 329, no. 2 (2023): 144–156.
      • January 2023
      • Module Note

      LCA Action Planning: Responsibility and Accountability

      By: Sandra J. Sucher and Marilyn Morgan Westner
      LCA action plans integrate responsibility and accountability into decision-making and planning. This module note was designed for the LCA course and reviews six steps leaders can follow to develop a practical LCA action plan for their business. It shows how integrating...  View Details
      Keywords: Responsibility; Accountability; Management Challenges; Corporate Accountability; Leadership; Planning
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      Sucher, Sandra J., and Marilyn Morgan Westner. "LCA Action Planning: Responsibility and Accountability." Harvard Business School Module Note 323-060, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Technical Note

      Ethical Analysis: Honesty and Self-Interest

      By: Nien-hê Hsieh and Christopher Diak
      Information asymmetry is pervasive in business and can often confer great advantage. This note distinguishes forms of deceptive behavior in the face of information asymmetry and aims to help students analyze their impermissibility. The note also introduces students to...  View Details
      Keywords: Ethics; Analysis; Balance and Stability
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      Hsieh, Nien-hê, and Christopher Diak. "Ethical Analysis: Honesty and Self-Interest." Harvard Business School Technical Note 323-067, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Supplement

      Apple: Privacy vs. Safety (B)

      By: Henry McGee, Nien-hê Hsieh and Christian Godwin
      In 2020, as the COVID-19 pandemic swept across the globe, Apple and Google partnered to develop a contact tracing application that would collect information about users infected with the disease and notify those who they had been in contact with. While Apple/Google’s...  View Details
      Keywords: Iphone; Encryption; Data Privacy; Customers; Customer Focus and Relationships; Decision Making; Ethics; Values and Beliefs; Globalized Firms and Management; Government and Politics; Health; Health Pandemics; Leadership; Markets; Safety; Social Issues; Information Technology; Telecommunications Industry; Technology Industry; Consumer Products Industry; Electronics Industry; Health Industry; United States; Europe
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      McGee, Henry, Nien-hê Hsieh, and Christian Godwin. "Apple: Privacy vs. Safety (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 323-066, January 2023.
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Is Pay Transparency Good?

      By: Zoë Cullen
      Countries around the world are designing pay transparency policies with the intention of combating pay discrimination. Are these policies working as intended? Most focus on revealing pay gaps between co-workers within a firm, with the goal of arming workers with...  View Details
      Keywords: Pay Transparency; Trends; Transition; Communication Strategy; Wages; Policy; Europe; North America; Australia
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      Cullen, Zoë. "Is Pay Transparency Good?" Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-039, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Module Note

      Network Effects in Technology

      By: Andy Wu and Matt Higgins
      In business and strategy contexts, network effects are often accompanied by bandwagon (or herding) effects, positive feedback loops (or accumulated advantage effects), and market tipping (or winner-take-all dynamics). Though these phenomena are often grouped together...  View Details
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      Wu, Andy, and Matt Higgins. "Network Effects in Technology." Harvard Business School Module Note 723-417, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Supplement

      Organizational Climate Transition Risk Model

      By: George Serafeim and Benjamin Maletta
      Keywords: Risk Assessment; Opportunities; Environmental Sustainability; Transition; Carbon Footprint; Business Analysis; Valuation; Climate Change
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      Serafeim, George, and Benjamin Maletta. "Organizational Climate Transition Risk Model." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 123-707, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Supplement

      The END Fund (B)

      By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Courtney Han
      Founded in 2012, the END fund focused on eliminating five Neglected Tropical Diseases that accounted for 80% of the tropical diseases affecting nearly 1.5 billion people worldwide. Its roughly $25 million/year annual budget was fully committed when it got news that the...  View Details
      Keywords: Health Disorders; Investment Funds; Global Range; Nonprofit Organizations; Resource Allocation; Decisions; Health Care and Treatment; Mission and Purpose
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      Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Courtney Han. "The END Fund (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 523-064, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Case

      The END Fund: To Eliminate Neglected Tropical Diseases

      By: V. Kasturi Rangan and Courtney Han
      Founded in 2012, the END fund focused on eliminating five Neglected Tropical Diseases that accounted for 80% of the tropical diseases affecting nearly 1.5 billion people worldwide. Its roughly $25 million/year annual budget was fully committed when it got news that the...  View Details
      Keywords: Nonprofit Organizations; Health Disorders; Health Care and Treatment; Resource Allocation; Global Range; Decisions; Investment Funds
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      Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Courtney Han. "The END Fund: To Eliminate Neglected Tropical Diseases." Harvard Business School Case 523-063, January 2023.
      • January 2023 (Revised January 2023)
      • Case

      Belden and Digital Transformation: From Product Sales to Solutions Sales

      By: Frank V. Cespedes and Amy Klopfenstein
      This case provides an overview of a sales transformation in the industrial automation division at Belden, a hardware manufacturer. While Belden historically sold products such as cables, wires, and other networking devices, EVP of Industrial Automation Ashish Chand...  View Details
      Keywords: Implementation; Sales Cycle; Digital Transformation; Sales; Product Positioning; Business Model; Market Entry and Exit; Customer Focus and Relationships; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Supply and Industry; Technology Industry; North America; United States
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      Cespedes, Frank V., and Amy Klopfenstein. "Belden and Digital Transformation: From Product Sales to Solutions Sales." Harvard Business School Case 823-002, January 2023. (Revised January 2023.)
      • January 2023
      • Case

      Cleave Therapeutics: Taking a Risk on Oncology Drug Discovery

      By: Regina Herzlinger and Brian Walker
      How can a successful executive assess her next move as the CEO of a firm with a promising and yet uncertain new drug? Amy Burroughs’ mandate to find a therapeutic window for Cleave Therapeutics oncology drug was on track but faced an uncertain future. Overseeing the...  View Details
      Keywords: Product Development; Leadership; Health Testing and Trials; Research and Development; Risk and Uncertainty; Financial Condition; Partners and Partnerships; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Herzlinger, Regina, and Brian Walker. "Cleave Therapeutics: Taking a Risk on Oncology Drug Discovery." Harvard Business School Case 323-045, January 2023.
      • January 2023
      • Article

      Racial Diversity and Racial Policy Preferences: The Great Migration and Civil Rights

      By: Alvaro Calderon, Vasiliki Fouka and Marco Tabellini
      Between 1940 and 1970, more than 4 million African Americans moved from the South to the North of the United States, during the Second Great Migration. This same period witnessed the struggle and eventual success of the civil rights movement in ending institutionalized...  View Details
      Keywords: Civil Rights; Great Migration; History; Race; Rights; Prejudice and Bias; Government Legislation
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      Calderon, Alvaro, Vasiliki Fouka, and Marco Tabellini. "Racial Diversity and Racial Policy Preferences: The Great Migration and Civil Rights." Review of Economic Studies 90, no. 1 (January 2023): 165–200. (Available also from VOX, Broadstreet, and VOX EU.)
      • January 2023
      • Article

      Social Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship

      By: William R. Kerr and Martin Mandorff
      We study the relationship between ethnicity, occupational choice, and entrepreneurship. Immigrant groups in the United States cluster in specific business sectors. For example, Koreans are 34 times more concentrated in self-employment for dry cleaning than other...  View Details
      Keywords: Self-employed; Occupation; Entrepreneurship; Ethnicity; Immigration; Networks
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      Kerr, William R., and Martin Mandorff. "Social Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship." Journal of Human Resources 58, no. 1 (January 2023): 183–220.
      • January–February 2023
      • Article

      The Overlooked Key to a Successful Scale-Up

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Davide Sola and Martin Kupp
      Many start-ups experience enormous popularity and runaway growth, but only a few go on to become stable giants. What separates them from the pack? They all go through a developmental stage called extrapolation, say three business school professors.
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      Keywords: Entrepreneurship And Strategy; Scalability; Business Startups; Growth and Development Strategy; Entrepreneurship
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Davide Sola, and Martin Kupp. "The Overlooked Key to a Successful Scale-Up." Harvard Business Review (January–February 2023): 56–65.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Post-market Surveillance of Software Medical Devices: Evidence from Regulatory Data

      By: Alexander O. Everhart and Ariel D. Stern
      Medical devices increasingly include software components, which facilitate remote patient monitoring. The introduction of software into previously analog medical devices as well as innovation in software-driven devices may introduce new safety concerns—all the more so...  View Details
      Keywords: Technological Innovation; Safety; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Health Care and Treatment; Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
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      Everhart, Alexander O., and Ariel D. Stern. "Post-market Surveillance of Software Medical Devices: Evidence from Regulatory Data." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-035, November 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Institutional Emplacement and the Novel Resurgence of Independent Bookstores

      By: Ryan Raffaelli and Ryann Noe
      This study reveals how actors leverage physical place as an asset to facilitate organizational adaptation and industry evolution. Through a longitudinal, qualitative analysis of the U.S. independent bookselling industry from 1995 to 2019, we outline how dispersed...  View Details
      Keywords: Industry Growth; Small Business; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Business Processes; Retail Industry; Publishing Industry; United States
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      Raffaelli, Ryan, and Ryann Noe. "Institutional Emplacement and the Novel Resurgence of Independent Bookstores." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-033, December 2022.
      • December 2022 (Revised January 2023)
      • Case

      Marfrig's Quest for Greener Beef

      By: Jose B. Alvarez, Pedro Levindo and Ruth Costas
      Marfrig, one of the world’s leading meatpackers, strived to comply with its commitment to have a deforestation-free value chain in Brazil by 2030. The company also pledged to reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases in accordance with the guidelines set by the...  View Details
      Keywords: Agribusiness; Animal-Based Agribusiness; Plant-Based Agribusiness; Acquisition; Family Business; Communication Strategy; Environmental Management; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Bonds; Food; Global Strategy; Goods and Commodities; Government and Politics; Political Elections; Leading Change; Marketing; Product Marketing; Product Positioning; Supply Chain; Supply Chain Management; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Business and Government Relations; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Partners and Partnerships; Strategy; Adaptation; Business Strategy; Commercialization; Competitive Strategy; Corporate Strategy; Diversification; Expansion; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Brazil; Latin America; Argentina; Uruguay; North America; United States; Europe; Asia; China
      Citation
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      Alvarez, Jose B., Pedro Levindo, and Ruth Costas. "Marfrig's Quest for Greener Beef." Harvard Business School Case 523-073, December 2022. (Revised January 2023.)
      • December 2022
      • Technical Note

      Risks and Opportunities from the Transition to a Low Carbon Economy: A Business Analysis Framework

      By: George Serafeim
      The transition to a low carbon economy introduces many risks and opportunities for businesses. Risks emerge from regulatory actions, such as carbon taxes and cap and trade systems, technological innovation that develop alternatives for customers making existing...  View Details
      Keywords: Risk Assessment; Opportunities; Environmental Sustainability; Carbon Footprint; Risk Management; Competitive Dynamics; Business Analysis; Climate Change; Accounting; Finance; Valuation; Business and Shareholder Relations; Technological Innovation; Transition; Product Positioning; Renewable Energy; Analysis
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      Serafeim, George. "Risks and Opportunities from the Transition to a Low Carbon Economy: A Business Analysis Framework." Harvard Business School Technical Note 123-014, December 2022.
      • 13 Dec 2022
      • Interview

      Why Some Start-Ups Fail to Scale

      By: Jeffrey Rayport and Curt Nickisch
      Managing rapid growth is a huge challenge for young businesses. Even start-ups with glowing reviews and skyrocketing sales can fail. That’s because new ventures and corporate initiatives alike have to sustain profitability at scale, according to Harvard Business School...  View Details
      Keywords: Business Startups; Growth Management; Outcome or Result; Transition
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      "Why Some Start-Ups Fail to Scale." HBR IdeaCast (podcast), Harvard Business Review Group, December 13, 2022.
      • 2022
      • Working Paper

      Getting on the Map: The Impact of Online Listings on Business Performance

      By: Michael Luca, Abhishek Nagaraj and Gauri Subramani
      We evaluate the extent to which small businesses maintain an online presence, looking at restaurant listings on a major online review platform. While the majority of restaurants have an online presence, we find that roughly 18 percent in our sample have no presence as...  View Details
      Keywords: Small Business; Internet and the Web; Revenue; Digital Marketing; Food and Beverage Industry
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      Luca, Michael, Abhishek Nagaraj, and Gauri Subramani. "Getting on the Map: The Impact of Online Listings on Business Performance." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-031, December 2022.
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