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- January 2022
- Article
Pushed into a Crowd: Repositioning Costs, Resources, and Competition in the RTE Cereal Industry
By: Young Hou and Dennis Yao
This paper exploits a natural experiment involving self-regulation in the ready-to-eat (RTE) breakfast cereal industry to evaluate the performance impact of product repositioning. It then examines how a product's brand equity value declines with repositioning distance...
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- October 2020
- Case
Unison Capital Korea: Gong Cha
By: Victoria Ivashina and Sangyun Lee
In the Spring of 2017, Soomin Kim, Founding Partner of Unison Capital Korea, and his team were debating the potential exit of Unison Capital Korea’s investment in Gong Cha Korea, the sole local franchisor of the premium milk tea brand that they proprietarily sourced...
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- September 2020
- Case
Blackstone: Crocs Investment
By: Victoria Ivashina, John D. Dionne and Terrence Shu
This case follows Prakash Melwani (HBS MBA '86), CIO of Blackstone's Private Equity Group, and his teams’ investment in the footwear company Crocs. Instead of a traditional secondary offering, Crocs opted for a unique deal structure by taking Blackstone's cash in a...
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- June 2020
- Teaching Note
Shiseido Acquires Drunk Elephant
By: Jill Avery
On October 7, 2019, the Shiseido Group announced that it would acquire clean skincare brand Drunk Elephant for $845 million, a valuation of 8.5 times sales. Did Shiseido pay too much or too little for this brand asset? How much was the Drunk Elephant brand worth and...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Brand Valuation;
Brand Equity;
Brand Value;
Mergers ＆ Acquisitions;
Startup;
DTC;
Brand Portfolio Strategy;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Valuation;
Entrepreneurship;
Business Startups;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
United States;
Japan;
Asia;
North America
- June 2020
- Teaching Note
Global Brand Management of Anheuser Busch InBev's Budweiser
By: Jill Avery
Brian Perkins, chief architect of the $6 billion Budweiser brand, was excited about 2018, in which the company would launch Budweiser into several new markets in Africa and Latin America. He was feeling the pressure to finalize a global brand strategy that would define...
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- June 2020
- Teaching Note
Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar
By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
Teaching Note for HBS Case Nos. 519-061 and 519-062. In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of twenty of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Under the...
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- March–April 2020
- Article
Pricing Policies that Protect your Brand
By: Ayelet Israeli and Eugene F. Zelek Jr.
When customers seek out online deals, it seems like a win for everybody: Brands, retailers, dealers, and distributors sell more goods, and buyers get a bargain. What's not to like? Here's the problem: Lured by rock-bottom online prices, customers often end up dealing...
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- November 2019 (Revised February 2020)
- Case
Constellation Brands' Investment in Canopy Growth: Aiming High
By: Stuart C. Gilson and Sarah L. Abbott
In 2017, Constellation Brands, the U.S.-based beverage company, acquired a 9.9% equity interest in the Canadian marijuana company, Canopy Growth. In 2018, Constellation announced a subsequent investment in Canopy—taking its ownership interest to 37%. However, Canopy’s...
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- November 2019 (Revised June 2020)
- Case
Shiseido Acquires Drunk Elephant
By: Jill Avery
On October 7, 2019, the Shiseido Group announced that it would acquire clean skincare brand Drunk Elephant for $845 million, a valuation of 8.5 times sales. Did Shiseido pay too much or too little for this brand asset? How much was the Drunk Elephant brand worth and...
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Keywords:
Personal Care;
Startup;
Brand Equity;
Brand Valuation;
Brand Value;
Brand Storytelling;
Brand Management;
Brands and Branding;
Valuation;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Entrepreneurship;
Business Startups;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
United States;
Japan
- 2020
- Working Paper
Pushed into a Crowd: Repositioning Costs, Resources, and Competition in the RTE Cereal Industry
By: Young Hou and Dennis Yao
This paper exploits a natural experiment involving self-regulation in the ready-to-eat (RTE) breakfast cereal industry to evaluate how firms respond to entry in light of changes in competition and to estimate the value of brand equity as products are repositioned....
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- April 2019 (Revised October 2020)
- Case
Kraft Heinz: The $8 Billion Brand Write-Down
By: Jill Avery
On Friday, February 22, 2019, following an unexpected and disappointing earnings report, The Kraft Heinz Company’s stock price fell 27%, wiping out $16 billion in market value. CEO Bernardo Hees had announced that the company had taken a $15.4 billion asset write-down,...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Brand Value;
Brand Equity;
Marketing ROI;
Brand Storytelling;
Intangible Assets;
Brand Valuation;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Management;
Corporate Strategy;
Consumer Behavior;
Food;
Marketing Communications;
Advertising;
Private Equity;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
United States;
North America
- January 2019
- Supplement
Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar (B): Data Analysis
By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of 20 of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Luckily, an old consumer research study on the Nestlé Crunch Bar...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Market Research;
Brand Positioning;
Value Proposition;
Consumer Products;
Fast Moving Consumer Goods;
Qualitative Methods;
Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique;
ZMET;
Data Analysis;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Consumer Behavior;
Marketing Communications;
Data and Data Sets;
Analysis;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Advertising Industry;
United States;
North America;
Italy
- January 2019
- Case
Understanding the Brand Equity of Nestlé Crunch Bar: A Market Research Case
By: Jill Avery and Gerald Zaltman
In early 2018, Nestlé announced the sale of its U.S. candy-making division and a select collection of 20 of its confectionery brands, including the Nestlé Crunch Bar, to Ferrero SpA for $2.8 billion. Under the terms of the Nestlé acquisition, each of the purchased...
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- December 2018 (Revised September 2019)
- Case
Brand Activism: Nike and Colin Kaepernick
By: Jill Avery and Koen Pauwels
Nike's selection of politically polarizing Colin Kaepernick as the spokesperson for the 30th anniversary of its iconic "Just Do It" campaign catapulted the brand into the media spotlight and made it a political flashpoint for consumers across America. Would the choice...
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- December 2018 (Revised October 2019)
- Case
Barteca: The Challenge and Opportunity of Private Equity
By: Lena G. Goldberg and Michael S. Kaufman
Andy Pforzheimer and Sasa Mahr-Batuz, co-founders of a highly successful seven-location restaurant brand, had just opened the first location of a new brand. They had mapped out future expansion for both brands but wondered if, rather than lining up an assortment of...
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- August 2018
- Case
Tapping Growth at Lord Hobo Brewing Company
By: Ethan Rouen and Susanna Gallani
Lord Hobo Brewing Company accounts for its inventory process as it prepares to create its first set of professional financial statements for investors.
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- June 2018 (Revised October 2020)
- Case
Global Brand Management of Anheuser Busch InBev's Budweiser
By: Jill Avery
Brian Perkins, chief architect of the $6 billion Budweiser brand, was excited about 2018, in which the company would launch Budweiser into several new markets in Africa and Latin America. He was feeling the pressure to finalize a global brand strategy that would define...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Global Brands;
Brand Positioning;
Brand Extension;
Brand Storytelling;
Brand Equity;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Advertising;
Global Strategy;
Cross-Cultural and Cross-Border Issues;
Consumer Behavior;
Marketing Communications;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Advertising Industry;
Africa;
China;
United States;
North America;
South Africa;
Nigeria;
Kenya;
Cameroon;
Canada
- March 2018
- Teaching Note
Mavi: Fashioning a Path to Brand Growth
By: Jill Avery and Gamze Yucaoglu
Mavi, a leading Turkish apparel retailer, had sales of $419 million in 2015, up 20%. Growth rates like these were becoming routine at Mavi. But, its path to growth was getting more challenging, and Turkven, Mavi’s private equity partner, was planning its exit options...
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- February 2018 (Revised October 2019)
- Technical Note
The Art and Science of Brand Valuation
By: Jill Avery
Brand valuation, the art and science of calculating the economic value accruing to a firm from its use of an intangible brand asset, yields frustratingly inconsistent, discrepant, and, therefore, controversial results. While it is widely accepted that brands are...
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Keywords:
Brand Valuation;
Brand Value;
Brand;
Brand Management;
Marketing ROI;
Brand Equity;
Analytics;
Return On Investment;
Brands and Branding;
Valuation;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Investment Return;
Consumer Behavior;
Advertising Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Apparel and Accessories Industry;
Auto Industry;
Beauty and Cosmetics Industry;
Electronics Industry;
Fashion Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry
- January 2018 (Revised October 2019)
- Case
Christie's and Leonardo da Vinci's Salvator Mundi: The Value of a Brand
By: Jill Avery
A 16th century Renaissance masterpiece, missing for 137 years, believed by many to have been destroyed and then rediscovered less than a decade ago, becomes the most expensive painting ever sold, all the while surrounded by controversy. Did the buyer of Leonardo da...
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Keywords:
Brands;
Brand Valuation;
Art Collector;
Arts Marketing;
Auction House;
Auctions;
Luxury Brand;
Luxury Consumers;
Luxury Goods;
Marketing;
Valuation;
Marketing Strategy;
Arts;
Luxury;
Value;
Brands and Branding;
Fine Arts Industry;
Italy;
United Kingdom;
Europe;
United States;
United Arab Emirates