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- January 2022
- Article
Pushed into a Crowd: Repositioning Costs, Resources, and Competition in the RTE Cereal Industry
By: Young Hou and Dennis Yao
This paper exploits a natural experiment involving self-regulation in the ready-to-eat (RTE) breakfast cereal industry to evaluate the performance impact of product repositioning. It then examines how a product's brand equity value declines with repositioning distance...
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- August 2021
- Case
Camera IQ: Building Augmented Reality Brand Experiences in Social Media
By: Jill Avery and Rayan Nahas
Camera IQ, a camera marketing software company that empowered brands to create and launch augmented reality experiences (AREs) across social platforms, had just raised an additional $5 million to fund further product development and expand its marketing and sales...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Social Media;
Digital Marketing;
Virtual Reality;
Augmented Reality;
B2B;
E-commerce;
Technology Platform;
Marketing;
Marketing Communications;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Online Advertising;
Online Technology;
Growth Management;
Customer Relationship Management;
Customer Value and Value Chain;
Advertising Industry;
United States
- May 2021 (Revised September 2021)
- Case
Headspace vs. Calm: A Mindful Competition
By: Ayelet Israeli and Anne Wilson
By 2021, the mindfulness app wars reached their apex. Over 2,000 meditation apps were available to consumers, but two apps, Headspace and Calm, dominated the space, jointly holding about 70% of the total market. Headspace had established itself as the approachable...
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Keywords:
Marketing Communication;
Integrated Strategy;
Brand;
Brand ＆ Product Management;
Brand Communication;
Brand Differentiation;
Brand Building;
Brand Management;
E-commerce;
E-Commerce Strategy;
Ecommerce;
App;
App Development;
Applications;
COVID;
COVID-19;
Pandemic;
Pricing;
Pricing Strategy;
Subscription Model;
Subscription;
Partnerships;
Strategic Partnerships;
B2B Vs. B2C;
B2B;
Health ＆ Wellness;
Wellbeing;
Digitization;
Commoditization;
Mobile App;
Mobile App Industry;
Mobile Healthcare;
Mobile Marketing;
Digital Brand;
Digital Health;
Digital Marketing;
Consumer Health;
Apps;
Online Business;
Online Competition;
Online Community;
Online Entertainment;
Entertainment And Leisure;
Meditation;
Marketing;
Marketing Communications;
Brands and Branding;
Price;
Strategy;
Competition;
Competitive Strategy;
Competitive Advantage;
Partners and Partnerships;
Health;
Well-being;
Mobile Technology;
Communication;
Communication Strategy;
Disruption;
Consumer Behavior;
Online Advertising;
Health Industry;
Technology Industry;
Communications Industry;
United States;
North America;
United Kingdom
- February 2021
- Case
White Claw: Defending Market Share as Competition Encroaches
By: Jill Avery
By the end of 2019, two brands accounted for 84% of hard seltzer sales, a segment that had recently taken the U.S. beer market by storm, growing from $3 million in 2015 to over $2.7 billion by the start of the summer of 2020. White Claw was the dominant market leader...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Alcoholic Beverages;
Beer/brewing Industry;
Brand Positioning;
Growth;
Competitive Positioning;
Consumer Products;
Beverage Industry;
Value Proposition;
Marketing;
Brands and Branding;
Competition;
Product Positioning;
Competitive Strategy;
Consumer Behavior;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
United States
- August 2020 (Revised February 2021)
- Case
Luckin Coffee (A): Caffeine-fueled Growth?
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Karen Elterman
This case describes the founding of Chinese coffee chain Luckin Coffee in 2017 and its path to surpassing Starbucks as the largest coffee chain in China (by number of stores) in 2019. Unlike Starbucks stores, which were designed to be welcoming “third places” for...
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Keywords:
Business Model;
Business Earnings;
Cost;
Cost Management;
Financial Statements;
Financial Condition;
Financial Management;
Stocks;
Profit;
Revenue;
Price;
Food;
Business History;
Employment;
Brands and Branding;
Product Positioning;
Marketing Strategy;
Business Strategy;
Expansion;
Competitive Strategy;
Food and Beverage Industry;
Technology Industry;
Asia;
China
- May 2020 (Revised October 2020)
- Teaching Note
The Marriott-Starwood Merger: Navigating Brand Portfolio Strategy and Brand Architecture
By: Jill Avery and Chekitan S. Dev
In September 2016, Marriott completed its $13.3 billion acquisition of Starwood Hotels & Resorts, which added 11 brands to its already robust 19 hotel brand portfolio. Tina Edmundson, Marriott’s global brand officer, was charged with making sense of the brand portfolio...
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- April 2020
- Teaching Note
Tailor Brands: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Branding
By: Jill Avery
Using proprietary artificial intelligence technology, startup Tailor Brands set out to democratize branding by allowing small businesses to create their brand identities by automatically generating logos in just minutes at minimal cost with no branding or design skills...
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- March 2020
- Teaching Note
onefinestay: Building a Luxury Experience in the Sharing Economy
By: Jill Avery and Anat Keinan
onefinestay was a two-sided marketplace that offered high-end home rentals to travelers who sought a more authentic and local experience than a typical upscale hotel might provide. After five years of rapid growth, it was time to do a comprehensive analysis of the...
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Keywords:
Two-sided Marketplace;
Two-sided Market;
Hospitality Industry;
Hotels;
Luxury Brand;
Sharing Economy;
Startup;
Scaling;
Growth;
Customer Segmentation;
Brand Positioning;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Luxury;
Entrepreneurship;
Business Startups;
Business Model;
Venture Capital;
Customers;
Segmentation;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Travel Industry;
Tourism Industry;
Accommodations Industry;
United Kingdom;
London;
Europe
- January–February 2020
- Article
Competing in the Age of AI
By: Marco Iansiti and Karim R. Lakhani
Today’s markets are being reshaped by a new kind of firm—one in which artificial intelligence (AI) runs the show. This cohort includes giants like Google, Facebook, and Alibaba, and growing businesses such as Wayfair and Ocado. Every time we use their services, the...
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- 2020
- Working Paper
Pushed into a Crowd: Repositioning Costs, Resources, and Competition in the RTE Cereal Industry
By: Young Hou and Dennis Yao
This paper exploits a natural experiment involving self-regulation in the ready-to-eat (RTE) breakfast cereal industry to evaluate how firms respond to entry in light of changes in competition and to estimate the value of brand equity as products are repositioned....
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- March 2019
- Teaching Note
Zespri Grows
By: David E. Bell and John Masko
Teaching Note for HBS No. 519-047.
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Keywords:
Agribusiness;
Kiwi;
Kiwifruit;
Agriculture;
Global Supply Chain;
Branding;
Produce;
Coordinated Industry Structure;
Industry Coordination;
Countercyclical Supply;
New Product Development;
Product Strategy;
Differentiation;
Food;
Quality;
Trade;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing;
Strategy;
Global Strategy;
Change Management;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Globalization;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Competitive Strategy;
Resource Allocation;
Product Development;
New Zealand
- March 2019 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
The DivaCup: Navigating Distribution and Growth
By: Ayelet Israeli
When the mother-daughter founders of DivaCup set out with a mission to disrupt the menstrual care industry with an innovative product form, they initially struggled to gain legitimacy and convince retailers to carry their unique product. Fifteen years later, the...
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Keywords:
Female;
Female Ceo;
Female Entrepreneur;
Female Protagonist;
Health ＆ Wellness;
Healthcare;
Price Policies;
Minimum Advertised Price;
Differentiation;
Positioning;
Growth;
Health;
Health Care and Treatment;
Price;
Disruption;
Distribution;
Distribution Channels;
Competitive Strategy;
Competition;
Growth Management;
Mission and Purpose;
Product Development;
Product Marketing;
Product Launch;
Product Positioning;
Advertising;
Business Startups;
Internet;
Entrepreneurship;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Social Issues;
Social Enterprise;
Retail Industry;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry;
Manufacturing Industry;
Health Industry;
Green Technology Industry;
Education Industry;
Distribution Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Canada;
United States;
United Kingdom
- January 2019 (Revised October 2020)
- Technical Note
Brand Storytelling
By: Jill Avery
Marketers have long appreciated the value and power of storytelling. Stories fill brands with resonant and relevant meaning and empower brands to serve as critical elements in the lives of consumers. Mastering the art of brand storytelling is an increasingly important...
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- November 2018 (Revised April 2019)
- Case
Zespri Grows
By: David E. Bell and Natalie Kindred
Controlling about a third of global kiwifruit exports by volume and nearly half by value in 2018, Zespri was a grower-owned “corporatized cooperative” with the exclusive right to export New Zealand-grown kiwifruit (except to Australia). Zespri did not grow fruit but...
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Keywords:
Agribusiness;
Kiwi;
Kiwifruit;
Agriculture;
Global Supply Chain;
Branding;
Produce;
Coordinated Industry Structure;
Industry Coordination;
Countercyclical Supply;
New Product Development;
Product Strategy;
Differentiation;
Food;
Quality;
Trade;
Brands and Branding;
Marketing;
Strategy;
Global Strategy;
Change Management;
Organizational Change and Adaptation;
Globalization;
Globalized Firms and Management;
Competitive Strategy;
Resource Allocation;
Product Development;
Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;
Consumer Products Industry;
Food and Beverage Industry;
New Zealand
- August 2018 (Revised October 2020)
- Case
Tailor Brands: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Branding
By: Jill Avery
Using proprietary artificial intelligence technology, startup Tailor Brands set out to democratize branding by allowing small businesses to create their brand identities by automatically generating logos in just minutes at minimal cost with no branding or design skills...
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Keywords:
Startup;
Services;
Artificial Intelligence;
Machine Learning;
Digital Marketing;
Brand Management;
Big Data;
Internet Marketing;
Analytics;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Technology;
Entrepreneurship;
Venture Capital;
Business Model;
Consumer Behavior;
Advertising Industry;
Service Industry;
Technology Industry;
United States;
North America;
Israel
- August 2018 (Revised August 2018)
- Case
The De Beers Group: Launching Lightbox Jewelry for Lab-Grown Diamonds
By: Benjamin C. Esty
In May 2018, the De Beers Group shocked the diamond industry when it announced it was launching a new fashion jewelry brand of laboratory-grown (synthetic) diamonds. The reaction was swift as people sought to understand the company’s motivations: was it a “huge gamble”...
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Keywords:
Diamonds;
Differentiation;
New Business;
Strategy Development;
Strategy Execution;
Scope;
Adjacency;
Core;
Commoditization;
New Product Launch;
Mining;
Retail;
Corporate Strategy;
Business Strategy;
Disruption;
Value Creation;
Product Launch;
Segmentation;
Expansion;
Competitive Advantage;
United States;
United Kingdom
- July 2018
- Case
LIXIL Group Corporation: Building a New Company in an Old Industry
By: Boris Groysberg and Akiko Kanno
In the spring of 2018, Kinya Seto, president and CEO of LIXIL Group Corporation, a major housing and building products and services company, called a meeting at the company’s head office in central Tokyo to discuss how to implement the new three-year strategic plan....
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- June 2018
- Case
Forta Furniture: International Expansion
By: John A. Quelch and Karthik Easwar
The Forta Furniture case highlights the need to consider new market expansion to grow a firm. It demonstrates that simply doing what has always been done is not sustainable when other competitors enter the market with differentiated or potentially superior offerings....
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- February 2018
- Case
Wiikano Orchards
By: Benson P. Shapiro and Katherine B. Hartman
Wiikano Orchards, a family-owned business, faces declining demand in a commodity industry. The president is considering rebranding Wiikano's apple juice, increasing its prices and promotions. If this proposal succeeds, wholesalers and retailers would be more likely to...
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- February 2018 (Revised October 2020)
- Case
The Marriott-Starwood Merger: Navigating Brand Portfolio Strategy and Brand Architecture
By: Jill Avery, Chekitan S. Dev and Laure Mougeot Stroock
In September 2016, Marriott completed its $13.3 billion acquisition of Starwood Hotels & Resorts, which added 11 brands to its already robust 19 hotel brand portfolio. Tina Edmundson, Marriott's global brand officer, was charged with making sense of the brand portfolio...
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Keywords:
Brand Management;
Brand Architecture;
Brand Portfolio;
Merger;
Hospitality Industry;
Services Marketing;
Branded House;
House Of Brands;
Sub-branding;
Marketing;
Marketing Strategy;
Brands and Branding;
Mergers and Acquisitions;
Consumer Behavior;
Advertising;
Travel Industry;
Accommodations Industry;
Tourism Industry;
United States;
North America;
Europe;
Asia