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- December 2022
- Background Note
Brief Note on Staggered Boards
By: Lynn S. Paine and Will Hurwitz
This background note discusses the evolution, use, and prevalence of staggered boards. By comparison with unitary boards whose members are all elected annually for one-year terms, staggered boards are divided into subsets of directors, with one subset up for election...
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Keywords:
Corporate Governance;
Governing and Advisory Boards;
Business History;
Trends;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
United States
Paine, Lynn S., and Will Hurwitz. "Brief Note on Staggered Boards." Harvard Business School Background Note 323-040, December 2022.
- 2022
- Working Paper
The Regulation of Medical AI: Policy Approaches, Data, and Innovation Incentives
By: Ariel Dora Stern
For those who follow health and technology news, it is difficult to go more than a few days without reading about a compelling new application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to health care. AI has myriad applications in medicine and its adjacent industries, with...
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Keywords:
AI and Machine Learning;
Health Care and Treatment;
Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;
Technological Innovation;
Medical Devices and Supplies Industry
Stern, Ariel Dora. "The Regulation of Medical AI: Policy Approaches, Data, and Innovation Incentives." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30639, December 2022.
- August 2022
- Case
Boston Impact Initiative: Investing in Local Change
By: Emily R. McComb, Amy Klopfenstein and Mel Martin
In fall 2021, Aliana Piñeiro, impact director at Boston Impact Initiative (BII) discovered that an entrepreneur the organization was considering for an investment had failed to disclose pre-existing debt with another lender. Although the business scored highly on BII’s...
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Keywords:
Entrepreneurship;
Social Entrepreneurship;
Finance;
Investment;
Investment Funds;
Investment Portfolio;
Relationships;
Business and Community Relations;
Society;
Social Issues;
Wealth and Poverty;
Wealth;
Poverty;
Risk Management;
Financial Services Industry;
North and Central America;
United States;
Massachusetts;
Boston
- August 2022
- Case
Atlanta Ransomware Attack (A)
By: Amit Goldenberg and Julian Zlatev
This case describes the March 2018 Ransomware attack on the information technology (IT) systems of the city of Atlanta and the response by Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms and her administration. The case includes a brief background on Bottoms and her young administration at...
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Keywords:
Crime and Corruption;
Decision Making;
Cost vs Benefits;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Decisions;
Ethics;
Values and Beliefs;
Government and Politics;
Government Administration;
Information Technology;
Cybersecurity;
Information Management;
Leadership;
Management;
Crisis Management;
Management Teams;
Negotiation;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Social Psychology;
Perception;
Personal Characteristics;
Perspective;
Power and Influence;
Society;
Public Administration Industry;
United States;
Georgia (state, US);
Atlanta
- August 2022
- Supplement
Atlanta Ransomware Attack (B)
By: Amit Goldenberg and Julian Zlatev
This case describes the March 2018 Ransomware attack on the information technology (IT) systems of the city of Atlanta and the response by Mayor Keisha Lance Bottoms and her administration. The case includes a brief background on Bottoms and her young administration at...
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Keywords:
Crime and Corruption;
Decision Making;
Cost vs Benefits;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Decisions;
Ethics;
Values and Beliefs;
Government and Politics;
Government Administration;
Information Technology;
Cybersecurity;
Information Management;
Leadership;
Management;
Crisis Management;
Management Teams;
Negotiation;
Risk and Uncertainty;
Social Psychology;
Perception;
Personal Characteristics;
Perspective;
Power and Influence;
Society;
Public Administration Industry;
United States;
Atlanta;
Georgia (state, US)
- July 2022
- Case
Kovi: Changing Brazil’s Mobility Landscape
By: Lynda M. Applegate, Michael Norris and Alexis Lefort
Kovi, a car rental startup located in São Paulo, Brazil, provides affordable access to rental cars for rideshare drivers. The case examines the origins of the company, provides background on the auto and rideshare industries in Brazil, and follows the CEO, Adhemar...
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- March 2022
- Background Note
Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Catarina Mia Martinez
This background Note introduces the implications of climate change (global warming) for American cities. In the U.S., partisan political divides and unaddressed economic and racial disparities in climate vulnerabilities can inhibit action. The two main fronts for...
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Keywords:
Climate Change;
Cities;
Emission Reduction;
Change;
Change Leadership;
Electric Power Generation;
Transportation;
Recycling;
Green Business;
Green Building;
Ecosystem;
Construction;
Systems Change;
Cross-sector Collaboration;
Adaptation;
Geographic Location;
Resource Allocation;
Infrastructure;
Government and Politics;
Social Issues;
Urban Development;
United States
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Catarina Mia Martinez. "Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States." Harvard Business School Background Note 322-103, March 2022.
- March 2022
- Case
Pakistan Rising: Bazaar's Growth Story (A)
By: Paul A. Gompers and Gamze Yucaoglu
The case opens in September 2021 as Hamza Jawaid and Saad Jangda, co-founders of Bazaar technologies (Bazaar), the Pakistani high growth B2B e-commerce marketplace, are contemplating whether the year-and-a half old startup should also venture into offering financing to...
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- March 2022
- Supplement
Pakistan Rising: Bazaar's Growth Story (B)
By: Paul A. Gompers and Gamze Yucaoglu
The case opens in January 2022 as Hamza Jawaid and Saad Jangda, co-founders of Bazaar technologies (Bazaar), the Pakistani high growth B2B e-commerce marketplace, are looking over the performance of the newly launched “buy now, play later” feature. The traction looks...
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- 2022
- Working Paper
Exploring the Relationship between Team Diversity, Psychological Safety and Team Performance: Evidence from Pharmaceutical Drug Development
By: Henrik Bresman and Amy C. Edmondson
Breakthrough performance in teams requires pooling diverse perspectives and expertise. To realize the potential of diversity, communicating and translating across differences is essential. However, left to their own devices, diverse teams tend to underperform, in part...
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Keywords:
Teams;
Psychological Safety;
Groups and Teams;
Diversity;
Interpersonal Communication;
Performance
Bresman, Henrik, and Amy C. Edmondson. "Exploring the Relationship between Team Diversity, Psychological Safety and Team Performance: Evidence from Pharmaceutical Drug Development." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-055, February 2022.
- February 2022
- Case
Business Roundtable 2019 Statement: A New Paradigm or Business as Usual?
By: Charles C.Y. Wang and Amram Migdal
This note focuses on the antecedents of, reactions to, and clarifications about The Business Roundtable’s August 19, 2019, “Statement on the Purpose of a Corporation.” The note includes background information on corporate governance as practiced in the United States in...
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Keywords:
Corporate Accountability;
Corporate Governance;
Business History;
Mission and Purpose;
Agency Theory;
Business and Shareholder Relations;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact;
United States
Wang, Charles C.Y., and Amram Migdal. "Business Roundtable 2019 Statement: A New Paradigm or Business as Usual?" Harvard Business School Case 122-023, February 2022.
- January 2022
- Background Note
The Florange Law: Encouraging Long-Termism in Equity Markets?
By: Charles C.Y. Wang and Tonia Labruyere
This note provides background information on a French law (“the Florange law”) passed in 2014 that the French government said would encourage long-term shareholdings. The note describes the law, what led to it, the reactions it evoked, and similar initiatives in other...
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Keywords:
Equity;
Financial Markets;
Investment Activism;
Institutional Investing;
Corporate Governance;
Policy;
Rights;
Laws and Statutes;
Business and Government Relations;
Accounting Industry;
France
Wang, Charles C.Y., and Tonia Labruyere. "The Florange Law: Encouraging Long-Termism in Equity Markets?" Harvard Business School Background Note 122-065, January 2022.
- January 2022
- Background Note
Native American Incarceration
By: Reshmaan Hussam, Sophus A. Reinert and Jordan Naylor
In the early twenty-first century the Native American populations of the United States continued to live with the legacy of colonialism, ethnic cleansing, and cultural destruction. Although other minority groups had increasingly been able to make their voices heard,...
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Hussam, Reshmaan, Sophus A. Reinert, and Jordan Naylor. "Native American Incarceration." Harvard Business School Background Note 722-042, January 2022.
- January 2022 (Revised January 2022)
- Technical Note
Legal Analysis: Sexual Misconduct in the Workplace
By: J.S. Nelson and Trevor Fetter
This background piece describes the spectrum of sexual misconduct, from sexual assault through sexual harassment to gender discrimination. It outlines the patterns involved in this behavior, the legal process for reporting it, and its prevalence both domestically and...
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Nelson, J.S., and Trevor Fetter. "Legal Analysis: Sexual Misconduct in the Workplace ." Harvard Business School Technical Note 322-085, January 2022. (Revised January 2022.)
- December 2021
- Article
Cash-for-Information Whistleblower Programs: Effects on Whistleblowing and Consequences for Whistleblowers
By: Aiyesha Dey, Jonas Heese and Gerardo Pérez Cavazos
We study the effect of financial incentives on whistleblowing and the consequences for whistleblowers under the cash-for-information program of the False Claims Act (FCA). Exploiting appeals-court decisions that increase financial incentives for whistleblowing, we find...
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Keywords:
Whistleblowers;
Cash-for-information Whistleblower Programs;
False Claims Act;
Corporate Misconduct;
Consequences For Whistleblowers;
Crime and Corruption;
Information;
Cost
Dey, Aiyesha, Jonas Heese, and Gerardo Pérez Cavazos. "Cash-for-Information Whistleblower Programs: Effects on Whistleblowing and Consequences for Whistleblowers." Journal of Accounting Research 59, no. 5 (December 2021): 1689–1740.
- October 2021 (Revised September 2022)
- Case
SmartOne: Building an AI Data Business
By: Karim R. Lakhani, Pippa Armerding, Gamze Yucaoglu and Fares Khrais
The case opens in August 2021, as Habib and Shahysta Hassim, husband and wife co-founders of the data labeling company SmartOne, contemplate the strategy of the high growth company. Between 2016 and 2021, SmartOne had kept doubling its size every two years and now,...
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Keywords:
Artificial Intelligence;
Data Labeling;
Entrepreneurship;
Strategy;
Operations;
Business Model;
Growth Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
AI and Machine Learning;
Africa;
Madagascar;
Europe;
France;
United States
Lakhani, Karim R., Pippa Armerding, Gamze Yucaoglu, and Fares Khrais. "SmartOne: Building an AI Data Business." Harvard Business School Case 622-059, October 2021. (Revised September 2022.)
- September 2021
- Case
On the Bubble: Startup Bootstrapping
By: Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Tom Quinn and Annelena Lobb
Bubble was a software company in the low-code/no-code market, making tools that allowed users without traditional programming backgrounds or technical skills to build software. The case covers cofounder Joshua Haas’s engineering background, as he experienced a high...
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Keywords:
Business Startups;
Business Growth and Maturation;
Business Model;
Business Plan;
Disruption;
Transformation;
Trends;
Customer Focus and Relationships;
Customer Relationship Management;
Decision Making;
Cost vs Benefits;
Decisions;
Entrepreneurship;
Venture Capital;
Equity;
Executive Compensation;
Recruitment;
Selection and Staffing;
Disruptive Innovation;
Technological Innovation;
Job Interviews;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Ownership Stake;
Opportunities;
Applications and Software;
Technology Adoption;
Technology Industry;
Web Services Industry;
New York (city, NY);
California;
France
Bussgang, Jeffrey J., Tom Quinn, and Annelena Lobb. "On the Bubble: Startup Bootstrapping." Harvard Business School Case 822-033, September 2021.
- September 2021
- Case
Posse Foundation: Developing Strong Leaders from Diverse Backgrounds
By: John J-H Kim, Robin Mendelson and Julia Kelley
Founded in 1989, Posse Foundation was a nonprofit organization with a mission of developing future leaders who reflected the U.S.’s rich diversity. The organization ran a selective, localized admissions process in 10 U.S. cities to identify outstanding students with...
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Keywords:
COVID-19 Pandemic;
Education;
Higher Education;
Decision Making;
Demographics;
Diversity;
Ethnicity;
Income;
Race;
Values and Beliefs;
Geography;
Geographic Scope;
Growth and Development;
Leadership;
Leading Change;
Goals and Objectives;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Mission and Purpose;
Partners and Partnerships;
Social Enterprise;
Nonprofit Organizations;
Identity;
Social Issues;
Wealth and Poverty;
Expansion;
Education Industry;
North and Central America;
United States
Kim, John J-H, Robin Mendelson, and Julia Kelley. "Posse Foundation: Developing Strong Leaders from Diverse Backgrounds." Harvard Business School Case 322-016, September 2021.
- August 2021 (Revised November 2021)
- Case
The NCB Capital Turnaround: Waking the Sleeping Giant
By: Sandra J. Sucher, Gamze Yucaoglu, Shalene Gupta and Fares Khrais
The case opens in 2019, five years after, Sarah Al Suhaimi, CEO of NCB Capital (NCBC), the investment arm of Saudi’s largest bank, NCB, took the helm. Having successfully turned the business to make it the market leader, she was contemplating her next steps as...
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Keywords:
Turnaround;
Investment Banking;
Financial Institutions;
Change Management;
Leadership;
Business Model;
Strategy;
Business and Stakeholder Relations;
Management Teams;
Asset Management;
Growth and Development Strategy;
Saudi Arabia
Sucher, Sandra J., Gamze Yucaoglu, Shalene Gupta, and Fares Khrais. "The NCB Capital Turnaround: Waking the Sleeping Giant." Harvard Business School Case 322-043, August 2021. (Revised November 2021.)
- July 2021 (Revised January 2022)
- Case
K.C. Li: The Tungsten King
By: Geoffrey Jones and Casey Verkamp
This case examines the business career of Kuo-Ching Li, who was born in China in 1892, and built a successful minerals trading business called Wah Chang in the United States during the interwar years. He acquired a prominent role in tungsten, the strongest natural...
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Keywords:
Immigration Acts;
China;
Racial Bias;
Globalization;
Government and Politics;
Business History;
Entrepreneurship;
Business and Government Relations;
Mining Industry;
China;
United States;
Latin America
Jones, Geoffrey, and Casey Verkamp. "K.C. Li: The Tungsten King." Harvard Business School Case 322-024, July 2021. (Revised January 2022.)