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- 2023
- Working Paper
Rule by Market: The Chinese State in Factor Markets
By: Meg Rithmire
Political economy on China and beyond generally has been premised on a trade-off between state and market power. In the context of China’s reforms, markets and market mechanisms were hypothesized to replace state power in allocating important economic resources. Yet,...
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Rithmire, Meg. "Rule by Market: The Chinese State in Factor Markets." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 23-040, March 2023.
- Other Article
Sustainable Strategies and Net-Zero Goals
By: Mark L. Frigo, Robert S. Kaplan and Karthik Ramanna
In a recent Harvard Business Review article, Kaplan and Ramanna describe a rigorous approach, the E-liability method, for companies’ ESG reporting, especially as it pertains to GHG emissions measurements. They argue that the current standards for measuring...
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Keywords:
Measurement;
Sustainability;
Net-zero Emissions;
Environmental Sustainability;
Integrated Corporate Reporting;
Measurement and Metrics;
Strategy
Frigo, Mark L., Robert S. Kaplan, and Karthik Ramanna. "Sustainable Strategies and Net-Zero Goals." Special Issue on Sustainability. Strategic Finance 103, no. 10 (April 2022): 42–49.
- Article
Eliminating Unintended Bias in Personalized Policies Using Bias-Eliminating Adapted Trees (BEAT)
By: Eva Ascarza and Ayelet Israeli
An inherent risk of algorithmic personalization is disproportionate targeting of individuals from certain groups (or demographic characteristics such as gender or race), even when the decision maker does not intend to discriminate based on those “protected”... View Details
Keywords:
Algorithm Bias;
Personalization;
Targeting;
Generalized Random Forests (GRF);
Discrimination;
Customization and Personalization;
Decision Making;
Fairness;
Mathematical Methods
Ascarza, Eva, and Ayelet Israeli. "Eliminating Unintended Bias in Personalized Policies Using Bias-Eliminating Adapted Trees (BEAT)." e2115126119. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 119, no. 11 (March 8, 2022).
- 2022
- Working Paper
Do Safety Management System Standards Indicate Safer Operations? Evidence from the OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety Standard
By: Kala Viswanathan, Matthew S. Johnson and Michael W. Toffel
Problem definition: In light of the enormous disruptions and costs associated with occupational injuries, companies and buyers are increasingly looking to voluntary occupational health and safety standards to improve worker safety. Yet because these standards...
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Keywords:
Occupational Health;
Occupational Safety;
Program Evaluation;
Safety Performance;
Injuries;
OHSAS 18001;
ISO 45001;
Standards;
Safety;
Quality;
Operations;
Performance Evaluation;
Manufacturing Industry;
United States
Viswanathan, Kala, Matthew S. Johnson, and Michael W. Toffel. "Do Safety Management System Standards Indicate Safer Operations? Evidence from the OHSAS 18001 Occupational Health and Safety Standard." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-042, December 2021. (Revised May 2023.)
- December 1, 2021
- Article
Do You Know How Your Teams Get Work Done?
By: Rohan Narayana Murty, Rajath B. Das, Scott Duke Kominers, Arjun Narayan, Suraj Srinivasan, Tarun Khanna and Kartik Hosanagar
In a research study at four Fortune 500 companies, when managers were asked about their teams’ work, on average they either did not know or could not remember 60% of the work their teams do. This is a major problem because it can lead to unrealistic digital...
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Keywords:
Leading Teams;
Work Recall Gap;
Machine Learning;
Algorithms;
Groups and Teams;
Management;
Technological Innovation
Murty, Rohan Narayana, Rajath B. Das, Scott Duke Kominers, Arjun Narayan, Suraj Srinivasan, Tarun Khanna, and Kartik Hosanagar. "Do You Know How Your Teams Get Work Done?" Harvard Business Review Digital Articles (December 1, 2021).
- 2021
- Working Paper
Multiple Team Membership, Turnover, and On-Time Delivery: Evidence from Construction Services
By: Hise O. Gibson, Bradely R. Staats and Ananth Raman
Firms who want to compete in dynamic markets are finding that they must build more agile operations to ensure success. One way for a firm to increase organizational agility is to allocate employees to multiple project teams, simultaneously—a practice known as multiple...
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Keywords:
Multiple Team Membership;
Turnover;
Fluid Teams;
Project Management;
Groups and Teams;
Projects;
Management;
Performance
Gibson, Hise O., Bradely R. Staats, and Ananth Raman. "Multiple Team Membership, Turnover, and On-Time Delivery: Evidence from Construction Services." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 22-004, July 2021.
- February 2021
- Article
A Dynamic Theory of Multiple Borrowing
By: Daniel Green and Ernest Liu
Multiple borrowing—a borrower obtains overlapping loans from multiple lenders—is a common phenomenon in many credit markets. We build a highly tractable, dynamic model of multiple borrowing and show that, because overlapping creditors may impose default externalities...
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Keywords:
Commitment;
Multiple Borrowing;
Common Agency;
Misallocation;
Microfinance;
Investment;
Mathematical Methods
Green, Daniel, and Ernest Liu. "A Dynamic Theory of Multiple Borrowing." Journal of Financial Economics 139, no. 2 (February 2021): 389–404.
- January 2021 (Revised March 2021)
- Case
Jumia's Path to Profitability
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell, Pippa Tubman Armerding and Gamze Yucaoglu
The case opens in September 2019 as Sacha Poignonnec and Jeremy Hodara, co-founders and co-CEOs of Jumia, the leading Pan-African e-commerce platform, are contemplating the company’s path to profitability in the aftermath of a fragile investor sentiment, as the company...
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Keywords:
Retail;
Business Models;
Business Model;
Business Startups;
Emerging Markets;
For-Profit Firms;
Strategy;
Digital Platforms;
Information Technology;
Technology Adoption;
Value Creation;
Globalization;
Entrepreneurship;
Competition;
Expansion;
Logistics;
Profit;
Resource Allocation;
Diversification;
Corporate Strategy;
Retail Industry;
Technology Industry;
Africa
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, Pippa Tubman Armerding, and Gamze Yucaoglu. "Jumia's Path to Profitability." Harvard Business School Case 721-355, January 2021. (Revised March 2021.)
- Oct 2020
- Conference Presentation
Optimal, Truthful, and Private Securities Lending
By: Emily Diana, Michael J. Kearns, Seth Neel and Aaron Leon Roth
We consider a fundamental dynamic allocation problem motivated by the problem of securities lending in financial markets, the mechanism underlying the short selling of stocks. A lender would like to distribute a finite number of identical copies of some scarce resource...
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Diana, Emily, Michael J. Kearns, Seth Neel, and Aaron Leon Roth. "Optimal, Truthful, and Private Securities Lending." Paper presented at the 1st Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) International Conference on AI in Finance (ICAIF), October 2020.
- August 2020
- Article
Trust in State and Non-State Actors: Evidence from Dispute Resolution in Pakistan
By: Daron Acemoglu, Ali Cheema, Asim I. Khwaja and James A. Robinson
Lack of trust in state institutions is a pervasive problem in many developing countries. This paper investigates whether information about improved public services can help build trust in state institutions and move people away from non-state actors. We find that...
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Keywords:
Dispute Resolution;
Lab-in-the-field Games;
Legitimacy;
Motivated Reasoning;
Non-state Actors;
State Capacity;
Trust;
Conflict and Resolution;
Information;
Developing Countries and Economies
Acemoglu, Daron, Ali Cheema, Asim I. Khwaja, and James A. Robinson. "Trust in State and Non-State Actors: Evidence from Dispute Resolution in Pakistan." Journal of Political Economy 128, no. 8 (August 2020): 3090–3147.
- August 2019 (Revised April 2021)
- Case
Unifying Divisions: Joro's Mission to Preserve the Planet
By: Shikhar Ghosh and Marilyn Morgan Westner
The case focuses on the initial startup team and Founders’ agreements. In March 2018, Sanchali Pal proposed renegotiating the informal founders’ agreement and equity split she and her co-founders had drafted the previous spring. They had been working together for over...
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Keywords:
Founders' Agreements;
Business Startups;
Climate Change;
Agreements and Arrangements;
Conflict Management
Ghosh, Shikhar, and Marilyn Morgan Westner. "Unifying Divisions: Joro's Mission to Preserve the Planet." Harvard Business School Case 820-032, August 2019. (Revised April 2021.)
- 2019
- Article
Fair Algorithms for Learning in Allocation Problems
By: Hadi Elzayn, Shahin Jabbari, Christopher Jung, Michael J Kearns, Seth Neel, Aaron Leon Roth and Zachary Schutzman
Settings such as lending and policing can be modeled by a centralized agent allocating a scarce resource (e.g. loans or police officers) amongst several groups, in order to maximize some objective (e.g. loans given that are repaid, or criminals that are apprehended)....
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Elzayn, Hadi, Shahin Jabbari, Christopher Jung, Michael J Kearns, Seth Neel, Aaron Leon Roth, and Zachary Schutzman. "Fair Algorithms for Learning in Allocation Problems." Proceedings of the Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (2019): 170–179.
- April 2018
- Case
Hawk Electronics, Inc.
By: Richard G. Hamermesh and John J. Lafkas
Hawk Electronics ("Hawk") presents the problems that a company can encounter when its divisions have distinct strategies, especially when one division has been favored at another's expense. It also highlights how such problems can reflect cognitive biases, which...
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Hamermesh, Richard G., and John J. Lafkas. "Hawk Electronics, Inc." Harvard Business School Brief Case 918-521, April 2018.
- Article
Orienteering for Electioneering
By: Jonah Kallenbach, Robert Kleinberg and Scott Duke Kominers
In this paper, we introduce a combinatorial optimization problem that models the investment decision a political candidate faces when treating his or her opponents’ campaign plans as given. Our formulation accounts for both the time cost of traveling between districts...
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Kallenbach, Jonah, Robert Kleinberg, and Scott Duke Kominers. "Orienteering for Electioneering." Operations Research Letters 46, no. 2 (March 2018): 205–210.
- 2017
- Article
Frictions or Mental Gaps: What's Behind the Information We (Don't) Use and When Do We Care?
By: Benjamin Handel and Joshua Schwartzstein
Consumers suffer significant losses from not acting on available information. These losses stem from frictions such as search costs, switching costs, and rational inattention, as well as what we call mental gaps resulting from wrong priors/worldviews, or relevant...
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Handel, Benjamin, and Joshua Schwartzstein. "Frictions or Mental Gaps: What's Behind the Information We (Don't) Use and When Do We Care?" Journal of Economic Perspectives 32, no. 1 (Winter 2018): 155–178.
- Article
TDABC Cost Analysis of Ocular Disorders in an Ophthalmology Emergency Department versus Urgent Care: Clinical Experience at Massachusetts Eye and Ear
By: Robert S. Kaplan, Jonathan Chou, Mahek Shah, Amy Watts, Matthew Gardiner, Joan Miller and John I. Lowenstein
Purpose
To perform a cost analysis comparison for managing common ocular disorders in an eye emergency department (ED) versus an urgent care setting using a time-driven activity-based cost model (TDABC) to assist physicians and staff in appropriate allocation of...
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Keywords:
Time-driven Activity-based Cost Model;
Emergency Room;
Urgent Care Clinic;
Cost;
Analysis;
Activity Based Costing and Management;
Health Care and Treatment
Kaplan, Robert S., Jonathan Chou, Mahek Shah, Amy Watts, Matthew Gardiner, Joan Miller, and John I. Lowenstein. "TDABC Cost Analysis of Ocular Disorders in an Ophthalmology Emergency Department versus Urgent Care: Clinical Experience at Massachusetts Eye and Ear." Journal of Academic Ophthalmology 10 (2018).
- September 2016
- Article
Do Display Ads Influence Search?: Attribution and Dynamics in Online Advertising
By: Pavel Kireyev, Koen Pauwels and Sunil Gupta
As firms increasingly rely on online media to acquire consumers, marketing managers feel comfortable justifying higher online marketing spending by referring to online metrics such as click-through rate (CTR) and cost per acquisition (CPA). However, these standard...
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Kireyev, Pavel, Koen Pauwels, and Sunil Gupta. "Do Display Ads Influence Search? Attribution and Dynamics in Online Advertising." International Journal of Research in Marketing 33, no. 3 (September 2016): 475–490.
- February 2016 (Revised March 2017)
- Case
Regulating Radio in the Age of Broadcasting
By: David Moss, Marc Campasano and Colin Donovan
When the Titanic tragically sank on April 15, 1912, potentially life-saving help was delayed as a result of failures in radio communication. In part as a result, Congress moved swiftly to regulate radio, passing the Radio Act of 1912 four months later. Although at...
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Keywords:
Radio;
Regulation;
Communication Technology;
Government Legislation;
History;
Media and Broadcasting Industry;
United States
Moss, David, Marc Campasano, and Colin Donovan. "Regulating Radio in the Age of Broadcasting." Harvard Business School Case 716-043, February 2016. (Revised March 2017.)
- January 2015 (Revised July 2019)
- Case
CVS Health: Promoting Drug Adherence
Email mking@hbs.edu for a courtesy copy.
The case describes a program that CVS Health recently implemented to improve medication adherence, an important problem from a societal, public policy, and firm... View Details
The case describes a program that CVS Health recently implemented to improve medication adherence, an important problem from a societal, public policy, and firm... View Details
Keywords:
Medication Adherence;
Affordable Care Act (ACA);
Marketing Strategy;
Communication Strategy;
Customer Value and Value Chain;
Decisions;
Health Care and Treatment;
Goals and Objectives;
Resource Allocation;
Marketing Communications;
Consumer Behavior;
Measurement and Metrics;
Service Delivery;
Behavior;
Motivation and Incentives;
Social Issues;
Information Technology;
Value Creation;
Health Industry;
Pharmaceutical Industry;
Insurance Industry;
Public Relations Industry;
Retail Industry;
United States
John, Leslie, John Quelch, and Robert Huckman. "CVS Health: Promoting Drug Adherence." Harvard Business School Case 515-010, January 2015. (Revised July 2019.) (Email mking@hbs.edu for a courtesy copy.)
- Summer 2014
- Article
When Does a Platform Create Value by Limiting Choice?
By: Ramon Casadesus-Masanell and Hanna Halaburda
We present a theory for why it might be rational for a platform to limit the number of applications available on it. Our model is based on the observation that even if users prefer application variety, applications often also exhibit direct network effects. When there...
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Keywords:
Platform Governance;
Direct Network Effects;
Indirect Network Effects;
Complements;
Tragedy Of The Commons;
Equilibrium Selection;
Coordination;
Foresight;
Strategy;
Value Creation;
Digital Platforms;
Balance and Stability;
Decision Choices and Conditions;
Consumer Behavior;
Applications and Software;
Network Effects
Casadesus-Masanell, Ramon, and Hanna Halaburda. "When Does a Platform Create Value by Limiting Choice?" Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 23, no. 2 (Summer 2014): 259–293.