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Publications

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  • All HBS Web  (159)
    • Faculty Publications  (42)

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    • All HBS Web  (159)
      • Faculty Publications  (42)

      Agglomeration Remove Agglomeration →

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      Bankruptcy Spillovers
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      • 2021
      • Working Paper

      Digital Labor Market Inequality and the Decline of IT Exceptionalism

      By: Ruiqing Cao and Shane Greenstein
      Several decades of expansion in digital communications, web commerce, and online distribution have altered regional IT labor market returns in the United States. IT occupations experienced similar wage growth as STEM occupations involving IT-related work activities,...  View Details
      Keywords: Information Technology; Labor; Wages; Equality And Inequality
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      Cao, Ruiqing, and Shane Greenstein. "Digital Labor Market Inequality and the Decline of IT Exceptionalism." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-019, August 2020. (Revised January 2021. NBER Working Paper Series, No. 21-015, August 2020)
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Does Apple Anchor a Shopping Mall? The Effect of the Technology Stores on the Formation of Market Structure

      By: Doug J. Chung, Kyoungwon Seo and Reo Song
      This study examines the effect of technology stores—company-owned Apple and Microsoft retail stores—on mall configuration. We formulate a structural model that considers the endogenous location decisions of retail stores, taking into account both market characteristics...  View Details
      Keywords: Apple Store; New Anchor Store; Discrete Game; Complete Information; Multiple Equilibria; Gpgpu Technology; Simulator; Bayesian Estimation; Shopping Mall; Spillover
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      Chung, Doug J., Kyoungwon Seo, and Reo Song. "Does Apple Anchor a Shopping Mall? The Effect of the Technology Stores on the Formation of Market Structure." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-066, December 2019.
      • 2019
      • Chapter

      Spatial Agglomeration and Superstar Firms: Firm-level Patterns from Europe and U.S.

      By: Laura Alfaro, Maggie X. Chen and Harald Fadinger
      We characterize the agglomeration patterns of industries and plants in Europe, distinguishing Eurozone countries and the United States. Using a micro-level index, we quantify the degree of geographic concentration in industrial activities and explore how firm...  View Details
      Keywords: agglomeration; Patterns; Industry Clusters; Europe; United States
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      Alfaro, Laura, Maggie X. Chen, and Harald Fadinger. "Spatial Agglomeration and Superstar Firms: Firm-level Patterns from Europe and U.S." In ECB Forum on Central Banking, 17-19 June 2019, Sintra, Portugal: 20 years of European Economic and Monetary Union: Conference Proceedings. Frankfurt: European Central Bank, 2019.
      • April 2019 (Revised December 2019)
      • Case

      Exporting Livability: Investing in New Urban Centers

      By: John D. Macomber and Essie Alamsyah
      Can Singapore urban design, policy continuity, and system of laws be exported outside of Singapore to accelerate the effective development of new urban agglomerations? Nina Yang, CEO of Sustainable Urban Development at Ascendas-Singbridge, a large real estate company...  View Details
      Keywords: Urban Development; Projects; Design; City; Business And Government Relations; Expansion; Real Estate Industry; China; Singapore
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      Macomber, John D., and Essie Alamsyah. "Exporting Livability: Investing in New Urban Centers." Harvard Business School Case 219-072, April 2019. (Revised December 2019.)
      • 2019
      • Chapter

      Location Fundamentals, Agglomeration Economies, and the Geography of Multinational Firms

      By: Laura Alfaro and Maggie Xiaoyang Chen
      Multinationals exhibit distinct agglomeration patterns, which have transformed the global landscape of industrial production (Alfaro and Chen, 2014). Using a unique worldwide plant-level dataset that reports detailed location, ownership, and operation information for...  View Details
      Keywords: Multinational Firm; Economic Geography; agglomeration; Location Fundamentals; Agglomeration Economies; Multinational Firms And Management; Geographic Location; Industry Clusters; Economics
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie Xiaoyang Chen. "Location Fundamentals, Agglomeration Economies, and the Geography of Multinational Firms." Chap. 10 in The Oxford Handbook of Structural Transformation, edited by Célestin Monga and Justin Yifu Lin. Oxford University Press, 2019.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century

      By: Ufuk Akcigit, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas and Stefanie Stantcheva
      This paper studies the effect of corporate and personal taxes on innovation in the United States over the 20th century. We use three new datasets: a panel of the universe of inventors who patent since 1920; a dataset of the employment, location, and patents of firms...  View Details
      Keywords: Taxation; Innovation And Invention; History; United States
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      Akcigit, Ufuk, John Grigsby, Tom Nicholas, and Stefanie Stantcheva. "Taxation and Innovation in the 20th Century." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 24982, September 2018. (Revise and Resubmit Quarterly Journal of Economics.)
      • 2018
      • Chapter

      The Logic of Agglomeration

      By: Gilles Duranton and William R. Kerr
      This review discusses frontier topics in economic geography as they relate to firms and agglomeration economies. We focus on areas where empirical research is scarce but possible. We first outline a conceptual framework for city formation that allows us to contemplate...  View Details
      Keywords: agglomeration; Clusters; Innovation; Cities; Industry Clusters; City; Innovation And Invention
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      Duranton, Gilles, and William R. Kerr. "The Logic of Agglomeration." In The New Oxford Handbook of Economic Geography, edited by Gordon Clark, Maryann Feldman, Meric Gertler, and Dariusz Wojcik, 347–365. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2018.
      • 2017
      • Article

      High-Skilled Migration and Agglomeration

      By: Sari Pekkala Kerr, William R. Kerr, Çağlar Özden and Christopher Parsons
      This paper reviews recent research regarding high-skilled migration. We adopt a data-driven perspective, bringing together and describing several ongoing research streams that range from the construction of global migration databases, to the legal codification of...  View Details
      Keywords: Migration; Talent; Diaspora; agglomeration; Diasporas; Industry Clusters; Talent And Talent Management; Immigration
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      Kerr, Sari Pekkala, William R. Kerr, Çağlar Özden, and Christopher Parsons. "High-Skilled Migration and Agglomeration." Annual Review of Economics 9 (2017): 201–234.
      • 2016
      • Chapter

      The Origins of High-Tech Venture Investing in America

      By: Tom Nicholas
      The United States has developed an unparalleled environment for the provision of high-tech investment finance. Today it is reflected in the strength of agglomeration economies in Silicon Valley, but historically its origins lay in the East Coast. Notably, immediate...  View Details
      Keywords: Venture Capital; Investment; Technology; History; Financial Services Industry; United States
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      Nicholas, Tom. "The Origins of High-Tech Venture Investing in America." In Financial Market History: Reflections on the Past for Investors Today, edited by David Chambers and Elroy Dimson, 227–241. CFA Institute Research Foundation, 2016.
      • November 2016
      • Article

      Spatial Organization of Firms and Location Choices Through the Value Chain

      By: Juan Alcacer and Mercedes Delgado
      We explore the impact of geographically bounded, intra-firm linkages (internal agglomerations) and geographically bounded, inter-firm linkages (external agglomerations) on firms' location strategies. Using data from the Census Bureau's Longitudinal Business Database,...  View Details
      Keywords: Location Choices; Agglomeration Economies; Value Chain; Organization Theory; Geographic Location; Business Strategy
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      Alcacer, Juan, and Mercedes Delgado. "Spatial Organization of Firms and Location Choices Through the Value Chain." Management Science 62, no. 11 (November 2016).
      • Article

      Invention and Agglomeration in the Bay Area: Not Just ICT

      By: Chris Forman, Avi Goldfarb and Shane Greenstein
      We document that the Bay Area rose from 4% of all successful US patent applications in 1976 to 16% in 2008. This is partly driven by the increase in the prevalence of information and communication technology; however, even for patents unrelated to information and...  View Details
      Keywords: agglomeration; Technology; Patents; San Francisco
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      Forman, Chris, Avi Goldfarb, and Shane Greenstein. "Invention and Agglomeration in the Bay Area: Not Just ICT." American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 106, no. 5 (May 2016): 146–151.
      • October 2015
      • Article

      Agglomerative Forces and Cluster Shapes

      By: William R. Kerr and Scott Duke Kominers
      We model spatial clusters of similar firms. Our model highlights how agglomerative forces lead to localized, individual connections among firms, while interaction costs generate a defined distance over which attraction forces operate. Overlapping firm interactions...  View Details
      Keywords: agglomeration; Clusters; Networks; Industrial Organization; Silicon Valley; Entrepreneurship; Technology Flows; Patents; Networks; Technology; Industry Clusters; Entrepreneurship; California
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      Kerr, William R., and Scott Duke Kominers. "Agglomerative Forces and Cluster Shapes." Review of Economics and Statistics 97, no. 4 (October 2015): 877–899.
      • 2015
      • Working Paper

      The Logic of Agglomeration

      By: Gilles Duranton and William R. Kerr
      This review discusses frontier topics in economic geography as they relate to firms and agglomeration economies. We focus on areas where empirical research is scarce but possible. We first outline a conceptual framework for city formation that allows us to contemplate...  View Details
      Keywords: agglomeration; Clusters; Cities; Innovation; Industry Clusters; City; Innovation And Invention
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      Duranton, Gilles, and William R. Kerr. "The Logic of Agglomeration." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 16-037, September 2015.
      • 2015
      • Chapter

      Agglomeration and Innovation

      By: Gerald Carlino and William R. Kerr
      This chapter reviews academic research on the connections between agglomeration and innovation. We first describe the conceptual distinctions between invention and innovation. We then describe how these factors are frequently measured in the data and some resulting...  View Details
      Keywords: Industry Clusters; Innovation And Invention; Industry Clusters; City; Innovation And Invention
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      Carlino, Gerald, and William R. Kerr. "Agglomeration and Innovation." Chap. 6 in Handbook of Regional and Urban Economics. Volume 5, edited by Gilles Duranton, J. Vernon Henderson, and William C. Strange, 349–404. Elsevier, 2015.
      • Article

      Spatial Determinants of Entrepreneurship in India

      By: Ejaz Ghani, William R. Kerr and Stephen O'Connell
      We analyze the spatial determinants of entrepreneurship in India in the manufacturing and services sectors. Among general district traits, quality of physical infrastructure and workforce education are the strongest predictors of entry, with labor laws and household...  View Details
      Keywords: agglomeration; Development; Entrepreneurship; Manufacturing Industry; Service Industry; India; South Asia
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      Ghani, Ejaz, William R. Kerr, and Stephen O'Connell. "Spatial Determinants of Entrepreneurship in India." Special Issue on Entrepreneurship in a Regional Context. Regional Studies 48, no. 6 (2014): 1071–1089.
      • December 2014
      • Article

      Location Strategies for Agglomeration Economies

      By: Juan Alcacer and Wilbur Chung
      Geographically concentrated industry activity creates pools of skilled labor and specialized suppliers, and increases opportunities for knowledge spillovers. The strategic value of these agglomeration economies may vary by firm, depending upon the relative value of...  View Details
      Keywords: Location Strategies; Location Choices; Strategy; Agglomeration Economies; Value Creation; Strategy; Value Creation; Geographic Location; Industry Clusters; Microeconomics; Manufacturing Industry; United States
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      Alcacer, Juan, and Wilbur Chung. "Location Strategies for Agglomeration Economies." Strategic Management Journal 35, no. 12 (December 2014): 1749–1761.
      • December 2014
      • Article

      Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance

      By: Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter and Scott Stern
      This paper evaluates the role of regional cluster composition in regional industry performance. On the one hand, diminishing returns to specialization in a location can result in a convergence effect: the growth rate of an industry within a region may be declining in...  View Details
      Keywords: Clusters; Economics; Growth And Development; Industry Clusters; Economy; Growth And Development; United States
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      Delgado, Mercedes, Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern. "Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance." Research Policy 43, no. 10 (December 2014): 1785–1799.
      • November 2014
      • Article

      The Global Agglomeration of Multinational Firms

      By: Laura Alfaro and Maggie Xiaoyang Chen
      The explosion of multinational activities in recent decades is rapidly transforming the global landscape of industrial production. But are the emerging clusters of multinational production the rule or the exception? What drives the offshore agglomeration of...  View Details
      Keywords: agglomeration; Agglomeration Economies; Multinational Firms And Management; Manufacturing Industry
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      Alfaro, Laura, and Maggie Xiaoyang Chen. "The Global Agglomeration of Multinational Firms." Journal of International Economics 94, no. 2 (November 2014): 263–276. (Revised April 2014. Also NBER Working Paper Series, No. 15576. See Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-043 for longer version.)
      • 2014
      • Chapter

      Clusters of Entrepreneurship and Innovation

      By: Aaron Chatterji, Edward Glaeser and William R. Kerr
      This chapter reviews recent academic work on the spatial concentration of entrepreneurship and innovation in the United States. We discuss rationales for the agglomeration of these activities and the economic consequences of clusters. We identify and discuss policies...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Innovation; agglomeration; Clusters; Place Making; Industry Clusters; Entrepreneurship; Innovation And Invention; United States
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      Chatterji, Aaron, Edward Glaeser, and William R. Kerr. "Clusters of Entrepreneurship and Innovation." In Innovation Policy and the Economy, Volume 14, edited by Josh Lerner and Scott Stern, 129–166. University of Chicago Press, 2014.
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      Waste, Recycling and Entrepreneurship in Central and Northern Europe, 1870–1940

      By: Geoffrey Jones and Andrew Spadafora
      This working paper examines the role of entrepreneurs in the municipal solid waste industry in industrialized central and northern Europe from the late nineteenth century to the 1940s. It explores the emergence of numerous German, Danish, and other European...  View Details
      Keywords: Environmental Entrepreneurship; Business History; Entrepreneurship; Health; History; Green Technology Industry; Germany; Denmark; Hungary; United Kingdom
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      Jones, Geoffrey, and Andrew Spadafora. "Waste, Recycling and Entrepreneurship in Central and Northern Europe, 1870–1940." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 14-084, March 2014.
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