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    • Faculty Publications  (64)

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    • All HBS Web  (1,577)
      • Faculty Publications  (64)

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      Agency Costs, Mispricing, and Ownership Structure
      Agency Costs, Mispricing, and Ownership Structure
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      • April 2020
      • Teaching Note

      Tailor Brands: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Branding

      By: Jill Avery
      Using proprietary artificial intelligence technology, startup Tailor Brands set out to democratize branding by allowing small businesses to create their brand identities by automatically generating logos in just minutes at minimal cost with no branding or design skills...  View Details
      Keywords: Marketing; Brands And Branding; Marketing Strategy; Advertising Industry; Technology Industry; United States; North America
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      Avery, Jill. "Tailor Brands: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Branding." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 520-103, April 2020.
      • Article

      Innovation Contests for High-Tech Procurement

      By: Jin Hyun Paik, Martin Scholl, Rinat A. Sergeev, Steven Randazzo and Karim R. Lakhani
      Innovation managers rarely use crowdsourcing as an innovative instrument despite extensive academic and theoretical research. The lack of tools available to compare and measure crowdsourcing, specifically contests, against traditional methods of procuring goods and...  View Details
      Keywords: Open Innovation; Contests; Crowdsourcing; Nasa; Evaluation; Acquisition; Technology; Innovation And Invention; Performance Evaluation; Framework
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      Hyun Paik, Jin, Martin Scholl, Rinat A. Sergeev, Steven Randazzo, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Innovation Contests for High-Tech Procurement." Research-Technology Management 63, no. 2 (March–April 2020): 36–45.
      • November 2019
      • Case

      TripAdvisor: An Itinerary for Growth

      By: Jeffrey F. Rayport, Spencer Rascoff and Susie L. Ma
      In 2019, TripAdvisor was one of the best-known and most-trafficked online travel sites. For nearly 20 years, its founder and CEO Steve Kaufer had steered TripAdvisor through many phases of growth and profitability, but recently the company’s growth had started to slow....  View Details
      Keywords: Business Growth And Maturation; Decision Making; Business Or Company Management; Growth Management; Innovation And Invention; Brands And Branding; Operations; Customer Value And Value Chain; Technology; Travel Industry; Massachusetts
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      Rayport, Jeffrey F., Spencer Rascoff, and Susie L. Ma. "TripAdvisor: An Itinerary for Growth." Harvard Business School Case 820-039, November 2019.
      • November–December 2019
      • Article

      Making Sense of Soft Information: Interpretation Bias and Loan Quality

      By: Dennis Campbell, Maria Loumioti and Regina Wittenberg Moerman
      We explore whether behavioral biases impede the effective processing and interpretation of soft information in private lending. Taking advantage of the internal reporting system of a large federal credit union, we delineate three important biases likely to affect the...  View Details
      Keywords: Soft Information; Lending; Banking; Information; Financing And Loans; Banks And Banking; Decision Making
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      Campbell, Dennis, Maria Loumioti, and Regina Wittenberg Moerman. "Making Sense of Soft Information: Interpretation Bias and Loan Quality." Art. 101240. Journal of Accounting & Economics 68, nos. 2-3 (November–December 2019).
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Collusion in Brokered Markets

      By: John William Hatfield, Scott Duke Kominers and Richard Lowery
      The U.S. residential real estate agency market presents a puzzle for economic theory: commissions on real estate transactions have remained high for decades even though entry is frequent and costs are low. We model the real estate agency market, and other brokered...  View Details
      Keywords: Real Estate; "repeated Games"; Collusion; Antitrust; Brokered Markets; Game Theory; Real Estate Industry
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      Hatfield, John William, Scott Duke Kominers, and Richard Lowery. "Collusion in Brokered Markets." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 20-023, September 2019. (Revised July 2020.)
      • June 2019
      • Article

      Fraud Allegations and Government Contracting

      By: Jonas Heese and Gerardo Pérez Cavazos
      This paper examines whether fraud allegations affect firms’ contracting with the government. Using a dataset of whistleblower allegations brought under the False Claims Act against firms accused of defrauding the government, we find that federal agencies do not reduce...  View Details
      Keywords: Whistleblower; Fraud Allegations; False Claims Act; Government Contracting; Risk Allocation; Government And Politics; Contracts; Crime And Corruption; Risk And Uncertainty; Business And Government Relations
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      Heese, Jonas, and Gerardo Pérez Cavazos. "Fraud Allegations and Government Contracting." Journal of Accounting Research 57, no. 3 (June 2019): 675–719.
      • May 2019
      • Teaching Note

      Tesla, Inc. in 2018

      By: Siko Sikochi and Suraj Srinivasan
      Teaching Note for HBS No. 119-013. The case facilitates a discussion about corporate governance and its role in achieving sustainable profitability and driving long-term shareholder value. The discussion can focus on such questions as what constitutes good governance,...  View Details
      Keywords: Public Company; Corporate Governance; Governing And Advisory Boards; cost Vs Benefits
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      Sikochi, Siko, and Suraj Srinivasan. "Tesla, Inc. in 2018." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 119-101, May 2019.
      • 2019
      • Working Paper

      Government Technology Policy, Social Value, and National Competitiveness

      By: Frank Nagle
      This study seeks to better understand the impact that government technology procurement regulations have on social value and national competitiveness. To do this, it examines the impact of a change in France’s technology procurement policy that required government...  View Details
      Keywords: Social Value; Competitiveness; Government Administration; Technology; Acquisition; Policy; Value
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      Nagle, Frank. "Government Technology Policy, Social Value, and National Competitiveness." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-103, March 2019.
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Corporate Refinancing, Covenants, and the Agency Cost of Debt

      By: Daniel Green
      How valuable are restrictive debt covenants in reducing the agency costs of debt? I exploit the revealed preference decision to refinance fixed-coupon bonds, which weighs observable interest rate savings against the unobservable costs of a change in restrictive...  View Details
      Keywords: Covenants; Refinancing; Corporate Bonds; Interest Rates; Agency Costs; Debt Policy; Borrowing And Debt; Bonds
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      Green, Daniel. "Corporate Refinancing, Covenants, and the Agency Cost of Debt." Working Paper, 2018. (Revise and Resubmit, Journal of Finance.)
      • 2018
      • Working Paper

      Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity

      By: Carliss Y. Baldwin
      The purpose of this chapter is to relate the theory of task networks and technology set forth in previous chapters to theories of firm boundaries from economics and management. Complementary goods have more value when used together than separately. Complementarity may...  View Details
      Keywords: Complementarity
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      Baldwin, Carliss Y. "Design Rules, Volume 2: How Technology Shapes Organizations: Chapter 5 Complementarity." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 19-036, October 2018.
      • August 2018 (Revised October 2020)
      • Case

      Tailor Brands: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Branding

      By: Jill Avery
      Using proprietary artificial intelligence technology, startup Tailor Brands set out to democratize branding by allowing small businesses to create their brand identities by automatically generating logos in just minutes at minimal cost with no branding or design skills...  View Details
      Keywords: Startup; Services; Artificial Intelligence; Machine Learning; Digital Marketing; Brand Management; Big Data; Internet Marketing; Analytics; Marketing; Marketing Strategy; Brands And Branding; Technology; Entrepreneurship; Venture Capital; Business Model; Consumer Behavior; Advertising Industry; Service Industry; Technology Industry; United States; North America; Israel
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      Avery, Jill. "Tailor Brands: Artificial Intelligence-Driven Branding." Harvard Business School Case 519-017, August 2018. (Revised October 2020.)
      • September 2017 (Revised February 2018)
      • Case

      Becton Dickinson: Global Health Strategy

      By: Mark R. Kramer and Sarah Mehta
      Becton, Dickinson and Company (BD) was a medical technology firm headquartered in Franklin Lakes, New Jersey, with 43,000 employees and 2016 revenues of $12.5 billion. For several years, the company had pursued developing products that created shared value, defined as...  View Details
      Keywords: Shared Value; Creating Shared Value; Odon Device; Medical Technology; Value Creation; Values And Beliefs; Philanthropy And Charitable Giving; Health; Health Care And Treatment; Health Testing And Trials; Emerging Markets; Social Issues; Competitive Strategy; Medical Devices And Supplies Industry; Africa; Asia; Middle East
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      Kramer, Mark R., and Sarah Mehta. "Becton Dickinson: Global Health Strategy." Harvard Business School Case 718-406, September 2017. (Revised February 2018.)
      • Summer 2017
      • Article

      Copyright Enforcement: Evidence from Two Field Experiments

      By: Hong Luo and Julie Holland Mortimer
      Effective dispute resolution is important for reducing private and social costs. We study how resolution responds to changes in price and communication using a new, extensive dataset of copyright infringement incidences by firms. The data cover two field experiments...  View Details
      Keywords: Copyright; Law Enforcement; Lawsuits And Litigation; cost
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      Luo, Hong, and Julie Holland Mortimer. "Copyright Enforcement: Evidence from Two Field Experiments." Journal of Economics & Management Strategy 26, no. 2 (Summer 2017): 499–528.
      • 2017
      • Chapter

      Corporate Moral Agency, Positive Duties, and Purpose

      By: Nien-hê Hsieh
      A long-standing question in business ethics is whether business enterprises are themselves moral agents with distinct moral responsibilities. To date, the debate about corporate moral agency has focused on responsibility for past wrongdoing that involves violating...  View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Moral Sensibility; Mission And Purpose
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      Hsieh, Nien-hê. "Corporate Moral Agency, Positive Duties, and Purpose." In The Moral Responsibility of Firms, edited by Eric Orts and N. Craig Smith. Oxford University Press, 2017.
      • April 2017 (Revised July 2017)
      • Case

      ISRO: Explore Space or Exploit CubeSats?

      By: Prithwiraj Choudhury, Tarun Khanna, Karim Lakhani and Rachna Tahilyani
      The Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) achieved global acclaim by launching successful missions to the moon and Mars at a fraction of the cost of prior Western missions. It is now faced with an important strategic dilemma—whether to continue exploring deep space...  View Details
      Keywords: Strategic Planning; Decision Choices And Conditions; Aerospace Industry; India
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      Choudhury, Prithwiraj, Tarun Khanna, Karim Lakhani, and Rachna Tahilyani. "ISRO: Explore Space or Exploit CubeSats?" Harvard Business School Case 617-062, April 2017. (Revised July 2017.)
      • September 2016
      • Article

      Disproportional Control Rights and the Bonding Role of Debt

      By: Aiyesha Dey, Valeri Nikolaev and Xue Wang
      We examine the governance role of debt in the context of U.S.-based dual class ownership structures. We hypothesize that the use of debt alleviates the conflict between shareholder classes by balancing the power of controlling insiders. We document that dual class...  View Details
      Keywords: Dual Class; Capital Structure; Private Debt; Debt Covenants; Bonding Mechanisms; Ownership Type; Capital Structure; Borrowing And Debt
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      Dey, Aiyesha, Valeri Nikolaev, and Xue Wang. "Disproportional Control Rights and the Bonding Role of Debt." Management Science 62, no. 9 (September 2016): 2581–2614.
      • July–August 2016
      • Article

      Minimum Advertised Pricing: Patterns of Violation in Competitive Retail Markets

      By: Ayelet Israeli, Eric Anderson and Anne Coughlan
      Manufacturers in many industries frequently use vertical price policies, such as minimum advertised price (MAP), to influence prices set by downstream retailers. Although manufacturers expect retail partners to comply with MAP policies, violations of MAP are common in...  View Details
      Keywords: Pricing Policies; Pricing; Channel Management; Legal Aspects Of Business; Price; Governance Compliance; Marketing Channels; Retail Industry
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      Israeli, Ayelet, Eric Anderson, and Anne Coughlan. "Minimum Advertised Pricing: Patterns of Violation in Competitive Retail Markets." Marketing Science 35, no. 4 (July–August 2016): 539–564. (Lead article.)
      • July 2015
      • Article

      The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Investment Recommendations: Analysts' Perceptions and Shifting Institutional Logics

      By: Ioannis Ioannou and George Serafeim
      We explore the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) ratings on sell-side analysts' assessments of firms' future financial performance. We suggest that when analysts perceive CSR as an agency cost, due to the prevalence of an agency logic, they produce...  View Details
      Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility; Analysts; Investment Recommendations; Sustainability; Institutional Logics; Environment; Corporate Governance; Corporate Social Responsibility And Impact; Investment; Corporate Governance; United States
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      Ioannou, Ioannis, and George Serafeim. "The Impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on Investment Recommendations: Analysts' Perceptions and Shifting Institutional Logics." Strategic Management Journal 36, no. 7 (July 2015): 1053–1081.
      • November 2014 (Revised May 2017)
      • Teaching Note

      Fresno's Social Impact Bond for Asthma

      By: John A. Quelch
      The case desccribes a social impact bond (SIB) to fund home-based remediation programs designed to reduce asthma attacks among Fresno residents (especially children) and thereby save on health care costs (ambulance callouts, emergency room visits etc.). The case...  View Details
      Keywords: Programs; Social Issues; Investment Return; Health Care And Treatment; Health Industry; California
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      Quelch, John A. "Fresno's Social Impact Bond for Asthma." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 515-031, November 2014. (Revised May 2017.)
      • 2014
      • Working Paper

      Entrepreneurship as Experimentation

      By: William R. Kerr, Ramana Nanda and Matthew Rhodes-Kropf
      Entrepreneurship research is on the rise but many questions about its fundamental nature still exist. We argue that entrepreneurship is about experimentation: the probabilities of success are low, extremely skewed and unknowable until an investment is made. At a macro...  View Details
      Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Experiments; Innovation; Entrepreneurship; Innovation And Invention
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      Kerr, William R., Ramana Nanda, and Matthew Rhodes-Kropf. "Entrepreneurship as Experimentation." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 15-005, July 2014.
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      Agency Costs, Mispricing, and Ownership Structure
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