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      • Faculty Publications  (83)

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      • 2024
      • Book

      The Ritual Effect: From Habit to Ritual, Harness the Surprising Power of Everyday Actions

      By: Michael Norton
      Our lives are filled with repetitive tasks meant to keep us on track—what we come to know as habits. Over time, these routines (for example, brushing your teeth or putting on your right sock first) tend to be performed automatically. But when we’re more mindful about... View Details
      Keywords: Behavior; Happiness; Performance Productivity; Attitudes
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      Norton, Michael. The Ritual Effect: From Habit to Ritual, Harness the Surprising Power of Everyday Actions. New York: Scribner, 2024.
      • March–April 2024
      • Article

      How Companies Should Weigh in on a Controversy: A Better Approach to Stakeholder Management

      By: David M. Bersoff, Sandra J. Sucher and Peter Tufano
      Executives need guidance about managing their organizations’ engagement with societal issues—including hot-button topics such as gender, climate, and racial discrimination. Success in this realm does not mean avoiding public controversy or achieving unanimous support... View Details
      Keywords: Values and Beliefs; Social Issues; Business and Stakeholder Relations; Judgments; Management Practices and Processes
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      Bersoff, David M., Sandra J. Sucher, and Peter Tufano. "How Companies Should Weigh in on a Controversy: A Better Approach to Stakeholder Management." Harvard Business Review 102, no. 2 (March–April 2024): 108–119.
      • March 2024
      • Article

      Medicare Price Negotiation and Pharmaceutical Innovation Following the Inflation Reduction Act

      By: Matthew Vogel, Pragya Kakani, Amitabh Chandra and Rena M. Conti
      The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) requires Medicare to negotiate lower prices for some medicines with high Medicare spending. Using historical data from public and proprietary sources to apply the IRA's negotiation criteria retrospectively, we identify all drugs that... View Details
      Keywords: Policy; Government Legislation; Health Care and Treatment; Negotiation; Price; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Vogel, Matthew, Pragya Kakani, Amitabh Chandra, and Rena M. Conti. "Medicare Price Negotiation and Pharmaceutical Innovation Following the Inflation Reduction Act." Nature Biotechnology 42, no. 3 (March 2024): 406–412.
      • January 2024
      • Article

      Cost of Exempting Sole Orphan Drugs from Medicare Negotiation

      By: Matthew Vogel, Olivia Zhao, William B. Feldman, Amitabh Chandra, Aaron S. Kesselheim and Benjamin N. Rome
      Importance: The Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) requires Medicare to negotiate prices for some high-spending drugs but exempts drugs approved solely for the treatment of a single rare disease.
      Objective: To estimate Medicare spending and global... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Insurance; Price; Health Industry
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      Vogel, Matthew, Olivia Zhao, William B. Feldman, Amitabh Chandra, Aaron S. Kesselheim, and Benjamin N. Rome. "Cost of Exempting Sole Orphan Drugs from Medicare Negotiation." JAMA Internal Medicine 184, no. 1 (January 2024): 63–69.
      • September 2023
      • Teaching Note

      Roche: ESG and Access to Healthcare

      By: George Serafeim
      Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 123-075. In May 2022, Roche Group, one of the largest healthcare companies in the world, hosted its first ESG investor event focused exclusively on its efforts to impact access to healthcare. While Roche had recently set an ambitious goal... View Details
      Keywords: ESG; Access To Care; Healthcare; Healthcare Access; Innovation; Social Impact; Affordable; Health Care and Treatment; Innovation and Invention; Product Development; Resource Allocation; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Health Industry
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      Serafeim, George. "Roche: ESG and Access to Healthcare." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 124-028, September 2023.
      • October 2023
      • Article

      What Does the Inflation Reduction Act Mean for Patients and Physicians?

      By: Amitabh Chandra and Benedic Ippolito
      The debate around prescription drug measures in the recently passed U.S. Inflation Reduction Act (IRA), which limit some patients’ out-of-pocket costs, has not fully addressed their effect on physicians and patients via their effect on payers. Reducing patients’ costs... View Details
      Keywords: Government Legislation; Price; Health Care and Treatment
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      Chandra, Amitabh, and Benedic Ippolito. "What Does the Inflation Reduction Act Mean for Patients and Physicians?" NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 4, no. 10 (October 2023).
      • May 2023
      • Article

      Decarbonizing Health Care: Engaging Leaders in Change

      By: Vivian S. Lee, Kathy Gerwig, Emily Hough, Kedar Mate, Robert Biggio and Robert S. Kaplan
      Health care leaders are often surprised to learn that their operations contribute significantly to a warming climate. In addition to their roles as responders to and victims of extreme weather events, health care organizations have an obligation to reduce... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care; Decarbonization; Carbon Emissions; Net-zero Emissions; Climate Change; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry
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      Lee, Vivian S., Kathy Gerwig, Emily Hough, Kedar Mate, Robert Biggio, and Robert S. Kaplan. "Decarbonizing Health Care: Engaging Leaders in Change." NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery 4, no. 5 (May 2023).
      • April 2023 (Revised January 2024)
      • Background Note

      Note on Healthcare in Ghana

      By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Ben Creo
      This note provides an overview of the healthcare system in Ghana. It discusses the public and private sector as well as traditional medical practice. It also discusses the country’s pharmaceutical industry. It is recommended as a companion to Professor Regina... View Details
      Keywords: Africa; Pharmaceutical Companies; Pharmacy Benefit Manager; Health Care; Health Care Costs; Health Care Delivery; Health Care Entrepreneurship; Telehealth; Health Equity; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Health Care and Treatment; Business and Government Relations; Health Industry; Pharmaceutical Industry; Ghana
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      Herzlinger, Regina E., and Ben Creo. "Note on Healthcare in Ghana." Harvard Business School Background Note 323-112, April 2023. (Revised January 2024.)
      • May 4, 2023
      • Article

      Falling Insulin Prices—What Just Happened?

      By: Leemore S. Dafny
      Recently, more than 100 years after insulin was developed, manufacturers announced price reductions for insulin products. Pressure to reduce prices had long been building, so why would they act now? View Details
      Keywords: Price; Health Care and Treatment; Public Opinion; Demand and Consumers; Pharmaceutical Industry
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      Dafny, Leemore S. "Falling Insulin Prices—What Just Happened?" New England Journal of Medicine 388, no. 18 (May 4, 2023): 1636–1639.
      • February 2023
      • Article

      A Different Framework to Achieve Universal Coverage in the U.S.

      By: Katherine Baicker, Amitabh Chandra and Mark Shepard
      This JAMA Forum discusses alternative ways to achieve universal coverage in the US such as administrative simplification in the Affordable Care Act plans to increase enrollment, having a basic policy that would be available to everyone, and options for supplemental... View Details
      Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Government Legislation; Insurance; Cost; United States
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      Baicker, Katherine, Amitabh Chandra, and Mark Shepard. "A Different Framework to Achieve Universal Coverage in the U.S." e230187. JAMA Health Forum 4, no. 2 (February 2023).
      • 2023
      • Working Paper

      Achieving Universal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: Addressing Market Failures or Providing a Social Floor?

      By: Katherine Baicker, Amitabh Chandra and Mark Shepard
      The United States spends substantially more on health care than most developed countries, yet leaves a greater share of the population uninsured. We suggest that incremental insurance expansions focused on addressing market failures will propagate inefficiencies and... View Details
      Keywords: Public Sector; Insurance; Health Care and Treatment; Policy; Innovation and Invention
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      Baicker, Katherine, Amitabh Chandra, and Mark Shepard. "Achieving Universal Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: Addressing Market Failures or Providing a Social Floor?" NBER Working Paper Series, No. 30854, January 2023.
      • October 2022 (Revised September 2024)
      • Case

      mPharma: Scaling Access to Affordable Primary Care in Africa

      By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Ben Creo
      mPharma hopes to scale up to create the largest pan-African healthcare company ever to provide much-needed primary care in retail pharmacies; a reliable, fairly priced supply of drugs; and micro-insurance for drugs. They must prioritize launching a telemedicine... View Details
      Keywords: Africa; Pharmaceutical Companies; Pharmacy Benefit Manager; Health Care; Health Care And Treatment; Health Care Costs; Health Care Delivery; Health Care Entrepreneurship; Telehealth; Health Equity; Corporate Strategy; Social Entrepreneurship; Equity; Growth and Development Strategy; Expansion; Product Launch; Customer Value and Value Chain; Social Enterprise; Multinational Firms and Management; Pharmaceutical Industry; Health Industry; Africa
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      Herzlinger, Regina E., and Ben Creo. "mPharma: Scaling Access to Affordable Primary Care in Africa." Harvard Business School Case 323-033, October 2022. (Revised September 2024.)
      • November 2021 (Revised November 2023)
      • Case

      Hitting Home: Amazon and Mary's Place

      By: Paul M. Healy, Debora L. Spar and Amy Klopfenstein
      In 2020, Amazon, the $386 billion online retail behemoth, built an eight-story shelter for women and families experiencing homelessness on its expanding headquarters in Seattle, Washington. The shelter, operated in partnership with a non-profit organization known as... View Details
      Keywords: Business Ethics; Homelessness; Business And Society; Corporate Social Responsibility and Impact; Social Issues; Corporate Accountability; Urban Development; Society; Information Technology; Ethics; Technology Industry; Seattle; United States; North America
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      Healy, Paul M., Debora L. Spar, and Amy Klopfenstein. "Hitting Home: Amazon and Mary's Place." Harvard Business School Case 122-017, November 2021. (Revised November 2023.)
      • July 2021
      • Article

      Medical Debt in the U.S., 2009–2020

      By: Raymond Kluender, Neale Mahoney, Francis Wong and Wesley Yin
      Importance: Medical debt is an increasing concern in the US, yet there is limited understanding of the amount and distribution of medical debt, and its association with health care policies.

      Objective: To measure the amount of medical debt nationally and by... View Details
      Keywords: Debt; Borrowing and Debt; Health Care and Treatment; United States
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      Kluender, Raymond, Neale Mahoney, Francis Wong, and Wesley Yin. "Medical Debt in the U.S., 2009–2020." JAMA, the Journal of the American Medical Association 326, no. 3 (July 2021): 250–256.
      • June 15, 2021
      • Article

      Cutting the Gordian Knot of Employee Health Care Benefits and Costs: A Corporate Model Built on Employee Choice

      By: Regina E. Herzlinger and Barak D. Richman
      President Joe Biden’s promise to give every American access to affordable health insurance is well-intentioned, but his plan’s policy elements—a public option, a permanent expanded tax credit—require congressional approval and would expend significant political and... View Details
      Keywords: Health Insurance; Health Insurance Marketplaces; Health Care Delivery; Health Care Financing; Health Care Industry; Health Care and Treatment; Insurance; Service Delivery; Cost Management; Health Industry; United States
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      Herzlinger, Regina E., and Barak D. Richman. "Cutting the Gordian Knot of Employee Health Care Benefits and Costs: A Corporate Model Built on Employee Choice." Health Affairs Blog (June 15, 2021).
      • March 2021 (Revised July 2021)
      • Case

      Aledade

      By: Regina E. Herzlinger, Samyukta Mullangi and Nicholas Samonas
      To truly supercharge growth, should Aledade take a step back and focus on product development? View Details
      Keywords: Health Care; Health Care Costs; Health Care Delivery; Health Care Entrepreneurship; Health Care Industry; Medicare; ACOs; Affordable Care Act (ACA); COVID-19; Health Care and Treatment; Entrepreneurship; Growth and Development Strategy; Product Development; Health Industry; United States
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      Herzlinger, Regina E., Samyukta Mullangi, and Nicholas Samonas. "Aledade." Harvard Business School Case 321-131, March 2021. (Revised July 2021.)
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Vertical Integration of Healthcare Providers Increases Self-Referrals and Can Reduce Downstream Competition: The Case of Hospital-Owned Skilled Nursing Facilities

      By: David Cutler, Leemore S. Dafny, David Grabowski, Steven S. Lee and Christopher Ody
      The landscape of the U.S. healthcare industry is changing dramatically as healthcare providers expand both within and across markets. While federal antitrust agencies have mounted several challenges to same-market combinations, they have not challenged any... View Details
      Keywords: Antitrust; Health Care and Treatment; Vertical Integration; Organizational Structure; Competition; Health Industry; United States
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      Cutler, David, Leemore S. Dafny, David Grabowski, Steven S. Lee, and Christopher Ody. "Vertical Integration of Healthcare Providers Increases Self-Referrals and Can Reduce Downstream Competition: The Case of Hospital-Owned Skilled Nursing Facilities." NBER Working Paper Series, No. 28305, December 2020.
      • 2020
      • Working Paper

      Bankruptcy and the COVID-19 Crisis

      By: Jialan Wang, Jeyul Yang, Benjamin Iverson and Raymond Kluender
      We examine the impact of the COVID-19 economic crisis on business and consumer bankruptcies in the United States using real-time data on the universe of filings. Historically, bankruptcies have closely tracked the business cycle and contemporaneous unemployment rates.... View Details
      Keywords: Bankruptcy; Financial Distress; COVID-19; Insolvency and Bankruptcy; Financial Crisis; Health Pandemics; United States
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      Wang, Jialan, Jeyul Yang, Benjamin Iverson, and Raymond Kluender. "Bankruptcy and the COVID-19 Crisis." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 21-041, September 2020.
      • Article

      The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Outcomes and Expectations

      By: Alexander Bartik, Marianne Bertrand, Zoë B. Cullen, Edward L. Glaeser, Michael Luca and Christopher Stanton
      To explore the impact of COVID on small businesses, we conducted a survey of more than 5,800 small businesses between March 28 and April 4, 2020. Several themes emerged. First, mass layoffs and closures had already occurred—just a few weeks into the crisis. Second, the... View Details
      Keywords: COVID-19; Stimulus; CARES Act; Health Pandemics; Small Business; Surveys
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      Bartik, Alexander, Marianne Bertrand, Zoë B. Cullen, Edward L. Glaeser, Michael Luca, and Christopher Stanton. "The Impact of COVID-19 on Small Business Outcomes and Expectations." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 30 (July 28, 2020): 17656–66.
      • July–September 2020
      • Article

      Innovation Contest: Effect of Perceived Support for Learning on Participation

      By: Olivia Jung, Andrea Blasco and Karim R. Lakhani
      Background: Frontline staff are well positioned to conceive improvement opportunities based on first-hand knowledge of what works and does not work. The innovation contest may be a relevant and useful vehicle to elicit staff ideas. However, the success of the... View Details
      Keywords: Contest; Innovation; Employee Engagement; Organizational Learning; Health Care; Health Care Delivery; Innovation and Invention; Organizations; Learning; Employees; Perception; Health Care and Treatment
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      Jung, Olivia, Andrea Blasco, and Karim R. Lakhani. "Innovation Contest: Effect of Perceived Support for Learning on Participation." Health Care Management Review 45, no. 3 (July–September 2020): 255–266.
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