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  • December 2022
  • Article

Shaping Nascent Industries: Innovation Strategy and Regulatory Uncertainty in Personal Genomics
By: Cheng Gao and Rory McDonald
In nascent industries—whose new technologies are often poorly understood by regulators—contending with regulatory uncertainty can be crucial to organizational survival and growth. Prior research on nonmarket strategy has largely focused on established firms in mature...  View Details
Keywords: Technological Change; Innovation; Qualitative Methods; New Categories; Entrepreneurship; Technological Innovation; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Risk and Uncertainty; Strategy
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  • September 2022
  • Article

A Spanner in the Works: Category-Spanning Entrants and Audience Valuation of Incumbents
By: Rory M. McDonald and Ryan T. Allen
Previous work has examined how audiences evaluate category-spanning organizations, but little is known about how their entrance affects evaluations of other, proximate organizations. We posit that the emergence of category-spanning entrants signals the advent of an...  View Details
Keywords: Emerging Industries; Industry Dynamics; Organization And Management Theory; Technology Strategy; Technology And Innovation Management; Entrepreneurship; Information Technology; Strategy; Management; Theory; Innovation and Management
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  • Article

Mastering Innovation's Toughest Trade-Offs
By: Christopher B. Bingham and Rory M. McDonald
Leaders must answer eight key questions to address the hidden tensions underlying innovation strategies.  View Details
Keywords: Innovation Strategy; Innovation Leadership
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  • June 2022 (Revised August 2022)
  • Case

Disrupting Defense at Anduril Industries
By: Rory McDonald, Timothy Buehn, Aditi Ghai and James Heffelfinger
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  • 2022
  • Book

Productive Tensions: How Every Leader Can Tackle Innovation's Toughest Trade-Offs
By: Chris Bingham and Rory McDonald
Why is leading innovation in nascent business environments so distressingly hit-or-miss? More than 90% of high-potential ventures don’t reach their projected targets. Surveys show that 80% of executives consider innovation crucial to their growth strategy, but only 6%...  View Details
Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Innovation and Management; Organizational Culture; Leadership Style; Decision Making
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  • April 2022
  • Article

The Past Is Prologue? Venture-Capital Syndicates' Collaborative Experience and Start-Up Exits
By: Dan Wang, Emily Cox Pahnke and Rory M. McDonald
Past research has produced contradictory insights into how prior collaboration between organizations—their relational embeddedness—impacts collective collaborative performance. We theorize that the effect of relational embeddedness on collaborative success is...  View Details
Keywords: Inter-organizational Networks; Collaboration; Entrepreneurship; Networks; Organizations; Performance; Venture Capital
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  • March 2022
  • Case

Managing Innovation at Atrium Health: 'Never Let a Good Crisis Go To Waste'
By: Derek van Bever, Rory McDonald and Anibha Singh
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  • March 2022
  • Supplement

chotuKool (B)
By: Rory McDonald
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  • March 2022
  • Module Note

Navigating Nascent Industries and Product Categories
By: Rory McDonald
This Note introduces a module of cases used at Harvard Business School to teach fundamental concepts about navigating nascent industries and product categories. It elaborates a set of ‘innovation tensions’ that managers must address in these domains. In connecting the...  View Details
Keywords: Nascent Industries; Product; Innovation and Management; Strategy
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  • August 2021 (Revised September 2021)
  • Case

Roku: Swimming Upstream Amidst Industry Giants
By: Rory McDonald, Eric Westphal and Shengjie Zhu
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  • Winter 2021
  • Article

How Would-Be Category Kings Become Commoners
By: Rory McDonald and Keith Krach
Category creation is the holy grail in business, but more often than not, the very companies that establish lucrative new markets don’t end up being the category kings. Why? Many executives undermine their own ventures’ standing by misinterpreting and misfiring on...  View Details
Keywords: New Markets; Innovation and Invention; Innovation Strategy; Business Model
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  • September 2020
  • Case

Apple Bets on Augmented Reality
By: Rory McDonald, David Lane and Mel Martin
In 2020, augmented reality (AR) was still a nascent technology with blockbuster potential, one which Apple was actively developing as its iPhone franchise waned. But the emergence of AR was uneven, including the disappointing Google Glass and the unexpected viral...  View Details
Keywords: Augmented Reality; Industry Structures; Product Development; Commercialization; Competition; Corporate Strategy; Diversification; Information Technology; Technology Adoption; Information Technology Industry; Technology Industry; Video Game Industry
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  • September–October 2020
  • Article

When It's Time to Pivot, What's Your Story?: How to Sell Stakeholders on a New Strategy
By: Rory McDonald and Robert Bremner
To succeed, a new company must rally investors, staff, customers, and the media around a good story. But often that narrative turns out to be wrong, and entrepreneurs realize they need to change direction. How that shift is communicated can have a huge impact on a...  View Details
Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Business Model; Strategy; Change Management; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Communication Strategy; Business and Stakeholder Relations
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  • July 2020 (Revised October 2020)
  • Teaching Note

Parrot: Navigating the Nascent Drone Industry
By: Rory McDonald, Anibha Singh and Matt Higgins
Teaching Note for HBS Case No. 619-085  View Details
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  • June 2020
  • Article

Parallel Play: Startups, Nascent Markets, and the Effective Design of a Business Model
By: Rory McDonald and Kathleen Eisenhardt
Prior research advances several explanations for entrepreneurial success in nascent markets but leaves a key imperative unexplored: the business model. By studying five ventures in the same nascent market, we develop a novel theoretical framework for understanding how...  View Details
Keywords: Search; Legitimacy; Organizational Innovation; Organizational Learning; Mechanisms And Processes; Institutional Entrepreneurship; Qualitative Methods; Business Model Design; Business Model; Business Startups; Entrepreneurship; Emerging Markets; Adaptation; Competition; Strategy
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  • May–June 2020
  • Article

The New-Market Conundrum
By: Rory McDonald and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt
Brand-new markets are like the wormholes of science fiction, where the usual rules of time and space do not apply. When a market has just been born, the forces of competition there are constantly in flux, it’s unclear who your customers really are, and conventional...  View Details
Keywords: New Markets; Markets; Business Model; Strategy; Framework; Innovation and Invention; Value Creation
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  • February 2020 (Revised November 2020)
  • Teaching Note

Marcus by Goldman Sachs
By: Rory McDonald, Anibha Singh and Matt A. Higgins
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  • December 2019 (Revised April 2021)
  • Teaching Note

Under Armour
By: Rory McDonald and Matt Higgins
Teaching Note for HBS No. 618-020.  View Details
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  • November 2019 (Revised December 2019)
  • Case

Marcus by Goldman Sachs
By: Rory McDonald, Samir Junnarkar and David Lane
Five years on from the 2008 financial crisis, Goldman Sachs remained wounded. Revenues at the global investment bank had stagnated below pre-crisis levels, and the firm had yet to rebound from a substantial decline in securities-trading revenues. Marcus by Goldman...  View Details
Keywords: Corporate Entrepreneurship; Banks and Banking; Innovation Leadership; Growth and Development Strategy; Growth Management; Organizational Culture; Financial Services Industry; United Kingdom
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  • November–December 2019
  • Article

Pivoting Isn't Enough? Managing Strategic Reorientation in New Ventures
By: Rory McDonald and Cheng Gao
New ventures often experience deviations from their plans that oblige them to reorient in pursuit of better fit between their evolving products and their target customers. Yet research is largely silent on how managers explain such changes and justify their ventures in...  View Details
Keywords: Strategic Reorientation; Technology Entrepreneurship; Innovation; Product Development Processes; Organizational Adaptation; Qualitative Methods (General); Entrepreneurship; Information Technology; Organizational Change and Adaptation; Strategy; Innovation and Invention; Product Development; Communication Strategy
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