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  • September 2021
  • Article

Kidney Exchange: An Operations Perspective
By: Itai Ashlagi and Alvin E. Roth
Many patients in need of a kidney transplant have a willing but incompatible (or poorly matched) living donor. Kidney exchange programs arrange exchanges among such patient-donor pairs, in cycles and chains of exchange, so each patient receives a compatible kidney....  View Details
Keywords: Kidney Exchange Programs; Matching; Health Disorders; Health Care and Treatment; Programs; Design
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  • 2021
  • Working Paper

Kidney Exchange: An Operations Perspective
By: Itai Ashlagi and Alvin E. Roth
Many patients in need of a kidney transplant have a willing but incompatible (or poorly matched) living donor. Kidney exchange programs arrange exchanges among such patient-donor pairs, in cycles and chains of exchange, so each patient receives a compatible kidney....  View Details
Keywords: Kidney Exchange Programs; Health Disorders; Health Care and Treatment; Programs; Design
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  • July 2018
  • Article

Marketplaces, Markets, and Market Design
By: Alvin E. Roth
Marketplaces are often small parts of large markets, and both markets and marketplaces come in many varieties. Market design seeks to understand what marketplaces must accomplish to enable different kinds of markets. Marketplaces can have varying degrees of success,...  View Details
Keywords: Labor Market; Pricing; Market Design; Markets; Economics
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  • 2017
  • Working Paper

Minimizing Justified Envy in School Choice: The Design of New Orleans' OneApp
By: Atila Abdulkadiroglu, Yeon-Koo Che, Parag A. Pathak, Alvin E. Roth and Oliver Tercieux
In 2012, New Orleans Recovery School District (RSD) became the first U.S. district to unify charter and traditional public school admissions in a single-offer assignment mechanism known as OneApp. The RSD also became the first district to use a mechanism based on Top...  View Details
Keywords: Education; Decision Choices and Conditions; Marketplace Matching; Mathematical Methods; Design
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  • 2015
  • Chapter

Is Experimental Economics Living Up to Its Promise?
By: Alvin E. Roth
The question that is the title of this essay already suggests that experimental economics has at least reached a sufficient state of maturity that we can try to take stock of its progress and consider how that progress matches the anticipations we may have had for the...  View Details
Keywords: Economics; History; Science
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  • 2014
  • Working Paper

College Admissions as Non-Price Competition: The Case of South Korea
By: Christopher Avery, Alvin E. Roth and Soohyung Lee
This paper examines non-price competition among colleges to attract highly qualified students, exploiting the South Korean setting where the national government sets rules governing applications. We identify some basic facts about the behavior of colleges before and...  View Details
Keywords: Competition; Higher Education; Policy; Government and Politics; Education Industry; South Korea
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  • 2014
  • Working Paper

Don't Take 'No' for an Answer: An Experiment with Actual Organ Donor Registrations
By: Judd B. Kessler and Alvin E. Roth
Over 10,000 people in the U.S. die each year while waiting for an organ. Attempts to increase organ transplantation have focused on changing the registration question from an opt-in frame to an active choice frame. We analyze this change in California and show it...  View Details
Keywords: Decision Choices and Conditions; Health Care and Treatment; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Health Industry
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  • 2013
  • Book

The Handbook of Market Design
By: Nir Vulkan, Alvin E. Roth and Zvika Neeman
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  • 2013
  • Article

Matching with Couples: Stability and Incentives in Large Markets
By: Fuhito Kojima, Parag A. Pathak and Alvin E. Roth
Accommodating couples has been a long-standing issue in the design of centralized labor market clearinghouses for doctors and psychologists, because couples view pairs of jobs as complements. A stable matching may not exist when couples are present. This article's main...  View Details
Keywords: Market Design; Marketplace Matching; Balance and Stability; Jobs and Positions; Family and Family Relationships; Health Care and Treatment; Employment Industry; Health Industry
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  • Article

Unraveling Results from Comparable Demand and Supply: An Experimental Investigation
By: Muriel Niederle, Alvin E. Roth and M. Utku Ünver
Markets sometimes unravel, with offers becoming inefficiently early. Often this is attributed to competition arising from an imbalance of demand and supply, typically excess demand for workers. However this presents a puzzle, since unraveling can only occur when firms...  View Details
Keywords: Two-side Matching; Unraveling; Experiments; Market Design
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  • 2013
  • Chapter

In 100 Years
By: Alvin E. Roth
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  • August 2012
  • Article

Organ Allocation Policy and the Decision to Donate
By: Judd B. Kessler and Alvin E. Roth
Organ donations from deceased donors (cadavers) provide the majority of transplanted organs in the United States, and one deceased donor can save numerous lives by providing multiple organs. Nevertheless, most Americans are not registered organ donors despite the...  View Details
Keywords: Organ Donation; Health; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Decision Making; Resource Allocation; Mathematical Methods; United States
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  • 2012
  • Working Paper

The Need for (long) Chains in Kidney Exchange
By: Itai Ashlagi, David Gamarnik, Michael A. Rees and Alvin E. Roth
It has been previously shown that for sufficiently large pools of patient-donor pairs, (almost) efficient kidney exchange can be achieved by using at most 3-way cycles, i.e., by using cycles among no more than 3 patient-donor pairs. However, as kidney exchange has...  View Details
Keywords: Networks; Complexity; Performance Efficiency; Medical Specialties; Health Care and Treatment; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving
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  • Editorial

NEAD Chains in Transplantation
By: Itai Ashlagi, Duncan S. Gilchrist, Alvin E. Roth and Michael A. Rees
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  • July 2011
  • Article

Kidney Paired Donation
By: C. Bradley Wallis, Kannan P. Samy, Alvin E. Roth and Michael A. Rees
Kidney paired donation (KPD) was first suggested in 1986, but it was not until 2000 when the first paired donation transplant was performed in the U.S. In the past decade, KPD has become the fastest growing source of transplantable kidneys, overcoming the barrier faced...  View Details
Keywords: Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Health Care and Treatment; Growth and Development Strategy; Success; Problems and Challenges; Programs; System; United States
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  • May 2011
  • Article

Nonsimultaneous Chains and Dominos in Kidney Paired Donation—Revisited
By: Itai Ashlagi, Duncan S. Gilchrist, Alvin E. Roth and Michael A. Rees
Since 2008 kidney exchange in America has grown in part from the incorporation of non-directed donors in transplant chains rather than simple exchanges. It is controversial whether these chains should be performed simultaneously ("domino paired donation," DPD) or...  View Details
Keywords: ABO Incompatibility; Allosensitization; Paired Kidney Exchange; Regional Sharing; Simulation Models; Transplantation Policy; Health Care and Treatment; Supply Chain; Risk and Uncertainty; Logistics; United States
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  • 2011
  • Article

A Choice Prediction Competition for Social Preferences in Simple Extensive Form Games: An Introduction
By: Eyal Ert, Ido Erev and Alvin E. Roth
Two independent, but related, choice prediction competitions are organized that focus on behavior in simple two-person extensive form games: one focuses on predicting the choices of the first mover and the other on predicting the choices of the second mover. The...  View Details
Keywords: Forecasting and Prediction; Behavior; Decision Choices and Conditions; Competition; Motivation and Incentives; Game Theory; Fairness
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  • 2011
  • Working Paper

Individual Rationality and Participation in Large Scale, Multi-Hospital Kidney Exchange
By: Itai Ashlagi and Alvin E. Roth
As multi-hospital kidney exchange clearinghouses have grown, the set of players has grown from patients and surgeons to include hospitals. Hospitals have the option of enrolling only their hard-to-match patient-donor pairs, while conducting easily arranged exchanges...  View Details
Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Resource Allocation; Market Participation; Marketplace Matching; Organizations; Networks; Motivation and Incentives; Health Industry
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  • 2010
  • Chapter

New Sources in Living Kidney Donation
By: Ruthanne L. Hanto, Alvin E. Roth, M. Utku Ünver and Francis L. Delmonico
Keywords: Health Care and Treatment; Philanthropy and Charitable Giving; Health Industry
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  • 2010
  • Working Paper

Marketplace Institutions Related to the Timing of Transactions
By: Alvin E. Roth
This paper describes the unraveling of transaction dates in several markets, including the labor markets for new lawyers hired by large law firms and for gastroenterology fellows, and the market for post-season college football bowls. Together these will illustrate...  View Details
Keywords: Talent and Talent Management; Market Timing; Market Transactions; Marketplace Matching; Competitive Strategy
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