Faculty & Research
Michael W. Toffel

Michael W. Toffel

Senator John Heinz Professor of Environmental Management

Senator John Heinz Professor of Environmental Management

Technology and Operations Management
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Michael W. Toffel
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Featured Work Publications Research Summary Teaching Awards & Honors

Professor Toffel is the Senator John Heinz Professor of Environmental Management, Faculty Chair of the HBS Business and Environment Initiative, and is course head of and teaches the Technology & Operations Management core MBA course. Mike Toffel's research examines companies' management of environmental affairs and occupational safety, identifying which types of management programs and regulations improve environmental and safety performance.

His work ranges from academic articles based on econometric analyses of large datasets to case studies of individual companies. His research on occupational health and safety has been profiled by the head of U.S. OSHA and featured in the national press including US News & World Report, and Scientific American. His research has been published in many top scholarly journals including Science, Management Science, Strategic Management Journal, Administrative Science Quarterly, and Organization Science, in practitioners journals including Sloan Management Review and California Management Review, and in mainstream outlets including The Atlantic Monthly and Newsweek/DailyBeast.

Prof. Toffel is co-editing two special issues in top tier journals: a Management Science Special Issue on Business and Climate Change and a Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Special (MSOM) Issue on Responsible Research in Operations Managements. He also serves on the Editorial Boards of the Strategic Management Journal and Organization Science. He is also a co-founder andboard member, and serves on the executive committee of, the Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability (ARCS), which organizes a leading annual academic conference to foster high-quality research on corporate sustainability and to build collaboration among scholars engaged in these topics. 

His co-authors include Yanhua Zhou Bird, Aaron (Ronnie) Chatterji, Magali Delmas, Anil Doshi, Glen Dowell, Kira Fabrizio, Caroline Flammer, Andrea Hugill, Maria Ibanez, Chonnikarn (Fern) Jira, Matthew Johnson, Andrew King, David Levine, Julian Marshall, Chris Marquis, Melissa Ouellet, Ashley Palmarozzo, Lamar Pierce, Erin Reid, Tim Simcoe, Sara Singer, Jodi Short, Kala Viswanathan, and David Vogel.

He recommends the HBS Business & Environment Initiative, Environmental Leader, Grist, Ethical Corporation, and SustainableBusiness.com to keep up on corporate environmental news.

Toffel has organized several conferences , including on climate change risks and opportunities at HBS (2020), effective government inspection and compliance in Washington DC (2015), corporate sustainability at HBS (2010), the role of information disclosure in corporate transparency and accountability at the National Press Club in Washington DC (2009), business and human rights in operations and supply chains at HBS (2008), and industry self-regulation at HBS (2007) .

Professor Toffel received a Ph.D. from the Haas School of Business' Business and Public Policy department at the University of California at Berkeley, an MBA from the Yale School of Management, a Master’s in Environmental Management (Industrial Environmental Management) from the Yale School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, and a BA in Government from Lehigh University.  He has worked as the Director of Environment, Health and Safety at the Jebsen & Jessen (South East Asia) Group of Companies, based in Singapore. He has also worked as an environmental management consultant for Arthur Andersen, Arthur D. Little, and Xerox Corporation. He started his career as an operations management analyst at J.P. Morgan.

Prof. Toffel has served on the Advisory Panel of the Newsweek Green Rankings, is a Town Meeting Member for the Town of Brookline, and served for many years on the School Council of the Devotion School/Coolidge Corner Schoo/Florida Ruffin Ridley School, a public K-8 school.

 

Featured Work
Working Conditions in Supply Chains microsite

This microsite is a new resource for managers of global supply chains, including brands who want to source products from suppliers that avoid problematic working conditions, auditors who assess factory working conditions, and NGOs focused on this area. The site highlights key insights of academic research in this area that provide answers to questions such as: What audit approaches are more effective at uncovering problems? How can audit programs be designed to foster improved working conditions? Which types of factories are more likely to improve working conditions?

HBS Climate Rising podcast
A podcast that features business and policy leaders and HBS faculty discussing what businesses are doing, can do, and should do to confront climate change

This podcast features experts sharing business opportunities and innovations to address climate change across a wide array of industries including agriculture, buildings, energy, financial services, and transportation. All episodes, transcripts, and show notes are here. Subscribe via Apple Podcasts or Google Play.


The New CEO Activists
A playbook for polarized political times

CEOs are increasingly taking a stand on divisive social issues that don't directly affect their companies' bottom lines—a dramatic departure from tradition. This Harvard Business Review article explains why CEOs are speaking up, the tactics they are using, and the risks and potential rewards of doing so. It also provides a playbook to guide CEOs on what to weigh in on, when to lead or follow, and when to act alone or in coordination with others. it also highlights some research that shows that CEO activism can affect brand loyalty and public policy. In a follow-up, our article Divided We Lead: CEO Activism has Entered the Mainstream launched the HBR Big Idea series on Leadership in a Hot Button World. (Winner of the 2019 HBR Warren Bennis Prize as best 2018 HBR article on leadership.)

Managing Climate Change: Lessons from the U.S. Navy

This Harvard Business Review article describes lessons for business from how the U.S. Navy is operating at the front lines of climate change. Climate change will require more of the navy—new patrols of an Arctic free of sea ice, more vigilance against drought-induced state failures, and more humanitarian missions to aid climate refugees—all while shoring up its bases to make them more resilient and less vulnerable to sea level rise and melting permafrost. In this accompanying video, the former U.S. Secretary of the Navy Ray Mabus describes the planning and actions the Navy is undertaking to address climate change.


Enhancing the Practical Relevance of Research

I think that most business school research should examine and help solve real-world problems that managers are facing--or that they might face in the future. This means that these scholars need to choose relevant research questions, and propose and test hypotheses that connect independent variables within the control of practitioners to outcomes they care about using logic they view as feasible. This presentation and article describe how scholars can enhance research relevance, including: (1) engaging practitioners in on-campus encounters, at managerial conferences, and at crossover workshops; (2) conducting site visits and practitioner interviews; (3) working as a practitioner; and (4) developing a practitioner advisory team. Scholars seeking to influence the practice of management also need to convey their findings and insights to practitioners. How? By presenting at practitioner conferences; writing for practitioners in crossover journals, op-eds, and blogs; and attracting the interest of those who write columns, blogs, and articles about research for practitioners. The article also offers several ideas for academic institutions-- journals, professional societies, and doctoral programs--to encourage more relevant research. This follow-up article describes how several HBS faculty conduct relevant research and communicate results to managers who can put their ideas into action. I helped organize the "Research on Effective Government: Inspection and Compliance Workshop" that brought together scholars and regulators from EPA and state-level environmental agencies to find ways to encourage more relevant research and to better communicate findings to regulators. (Image source)

OSHA Inspections: Protecting Employees or Killing Jobs?

Government agencies responsible for enforcing workplace safety are often at the center of controversy about whether they are effective. This Science article reports surprising findings based on randomized government inspections of single-establishment firms in California, conducted by California's labor protection agency (Cal/OSHA). These inspections led to a 9.4 percent decrease in injury rates and a 26 percent decrease in costs from medical expenses and lost wages—translating to an average of $350,000 per company. We found no evidence of any cost to inspected companies complying with regulations. These findings strongly indicate that OSHA regulations actually save businesses money. Read a related blog entry and summary article.  Coauthored with Matt Johnson and David Levine. (Image source)

When Business Competition Harms Society

This research article (and summary article) show that automobile service stations in more competitive markets are more likely to falsely pass vehicle emissions tests, presumably to retain customers because car owners are less likely to return to stations that fail their emissions test. Vehicles were much more likely to pass the test if they were tested at a facility that was located near a competitor. This research suggests that managers and policymakers should be aware that competition can induce unethical behavior. Coauthors are Victor Bennett, Lamar Pierce, and Jason Snyder.

Journal Articles
Working Papers
Popular Press
Book Chapters
Cases and Teaching Materials
  • Toffel, Michael W., Ken Pucker, and Eren Kuzucu. "Allbirds: Decarbonizing Fashion." Harvard Business School Case 622-024, August 2021. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Youssef Abdel Aal. "Intenseye: Powering Workplace Health and Safety with AI." Harvard Business School Case 622-037, August 2021. (Revised September 2021.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Robin Mendelson, and Julia Kelley. "Student Success at Georgia State University." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 621-063, March 2021. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Robin Mendelson, and Julia Kelley. "Student Success at Georgia State University." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 621-046, March 2021. (Revised September 2021.) View Details
  • Parzen, Michael, Natalie Epstein, Chiara Farronato, and Michael Toffel. T-tests: Theory and Practice. Harvard Business School Tutorial 621-707, February 2021. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael, and Natalie Epstein. Assessing Prediction Accuracy of Machine Learning Models. Harvard Business School Tutorial 621-706, February 2021. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Robin Mendelson, and Julia Kelley. "Student Success at Georgia State University (A)." Harvard Business School Case 621-006, September 2020. (Revised September 2021.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Robin Mendelson, and Julia Kelley. "Student Success at Georgia State University (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 621-039, September 2020. (Revised September 2021.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Natalie Epstein, Kris Ferreira, and Yael Grushka-Cockayne. "Assessing Prediction Accuracy of Machine Learning Models." Harvard Business School Technical Note 621-045, August 2020. (Revised September 2020.) View Details
  • Bojinov, Iavor I., Chiara Farronato, Yael Grushka-Cockayne, Willy C. Shih, and Michael W. Toffel. "Comparing Two Groups: Sampling and t-Testing." Harvard Business School Technical Note 621-044, August 2020. View Details
  • Farronato, Chiara, Michael W. Toffel, and Feng Zhu. "Digital Platforms: An Introduction." Harvard Business School Technical Note 621-016, July 2020. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Sarah Gulick. "Fossil Fuel Divestment." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 620-125, June 2020. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and James Barnett. "Indigo Agriculture: Harnessing Nature." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 620-110, February 2020. View Details
  • Iansiti, Marco, Michael W. Toffel, and James Barnett. "Indigo Agriculture: Harnessing Nature." Harvard Business School Case 620-024, November 2019. (Revised June 2020.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and James Barnett. "Indigo Agriculture: Harnessing Nature." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 620-075, April 2020. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Sarah Gulick. "Fossil Fuel Divestment." Harvard Business School Case 620-093, January 2020. (Revised April 2020.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., John Masko, and Sarah Mehta. "JUUL and the Vaping Revolution." Harvard Business School Case 619-006, November 2018. (Revised January 2020.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Trevor Fetter, John Masko, and Sarah Mehta. "JUUL and the Vaping Revolution." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 619-068, May 2019. View Details
  • Hsieh, Nien-hê, Michael W. Toffel, and Olivia Hull. "Global Sourcing at Nike." Harvard Business School Case 619-008, March 2019. (Revised June 2019.) View Details
  • Hsieh, Nien-he, Michael W. Toffel, and Olivia Hull. "Global Sourcing at Nike." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 619-061, June 2019. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Aaron K. Chatterji, and Julia Kelley. "CEO Activism (A)." Harvard Business School Case 617-001, March 2017. (Revised June 2019.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Aaron K. Chatterji, and Julia Kelley. "CEO Activism (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 617-048, March 2017. (Revised October 2017.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Aaron K. Chatterji. "CEO Activism (A) and (B)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 617-061, April 2017. (Revised April 2017.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Dan Levy, Jose Ramon Morales Arilla, and Matthew S. Johnson. "Improving Worker Safety in the Era of Machine Learning (A)." Harvard Business School Case 618-019, October 2017. (Revised April 2018.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Dan Levy, Astrid Camille Pineda, Jose Ramon Morales Arilla, and Matthew S. Johnson. "Improving Worker Safety in the Era of Machine Learning (B)." Harvard Business School Supplement 618-064, April 2018. (Revised February 2019.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Dan Levy. "Improving Worker Safety in the Era of Machine Learning: Practicum in Predictive Analytics." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 619-719, June 2019. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Dan Levy. "Improving Worker Safety in the Era of Machine Learning: Practicum in Predictive Analytics." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 619-718, June 2019. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Dan Levy. "Improving Worker Safety in the Era of Machine Learning: Practicum in Predictive Analytics." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 619-071, June 2019. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Dan Levy. "Improving Worker Safety in the Era of Machine Learning: Introduction to Predictive Analytics." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 619-717, June 2019. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Dan Levy. "Improving Worker Safety in the Era of Machine Learning: Introduction to Predictive Analytics." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 619-044, June 2019. View Details
  • Iansiti, Marco, Michael W. Toffel, and Christine Snively. "Indigo Agriculture." Harvard Business School Case 617-020, October 2016. (Revised November 2018.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Indigo Agriculture PowerPoint Supplement." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 619-034, November 2018. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Indigo Agriculture video supplement." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 619-704, December 2018. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Eileen McNeely, and Matthew Preble. "New Balance: Managing Orders and Working Conditions." Harvard Business School Case 619-002, January 2019. (Revised July 2019.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Timothy S. Simcoe. "Environmental Platform LEEDership at USGBC." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 618-066, May 2018. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Timothy S. Simcoe, and Aldo Sesia. "Environmental Platform LEEDership at USGBC." Harvard Business School Case 618-027, May 2018. View Details
  • Shih, Willy, and Michael W. Toffel. "Production Processes." Harvard Business School Background Note 618-023, September 2017. (Revised August 2019.) View Details
  • Iansiti, Marco, Michael Toffel, Kerry Herman, and Julia Kelley. "Product Development Fundamentals." Harvard Business School Technical Note 617-024, October 2016. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Glen W. S. Dowell, and James Weber. "Nuclear Energy: An Answer to Climate Change?" Harvard Business School Case 616-052, February 2016. (Revised October 2017.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Glen W. S. Dowell. "Nuclear Energy: An Answer to Climate Change?" Harvard Business School Teaching Note 617-015, September 2016. View Details
  • Rangan, V. Kasturi, Michael W. Toffel, Vincent Dessain, and Jerome Lenhardt. "Sustainability at IKEA Group." Harvard Business School Case 515-033, September 2014. (Revised November 2017.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Sustainability at IKEA Group." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 616-017, September 2015. View Details
  • Rangan, V. Kasturi, and Michael W. Toffel. "Sustainability at IKEA Group: Video Supplement." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 616-703, August 2015. (Q&A with IKEA Group's Chief Sustainability Officer Steve Howard and Industrial Strategy Manager Per Berggren.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Kira R. Fabrizio, and Stephanie van Sice. "Groom Energy Solutions: Selling Efficiency." Harvard Business School Case 613-054, February 2013. (Revised December 2015.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Kira Fabrizio, and Stephanie van Sice. "Groom Energy Solutions: Selling Efficiency." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 616-023, January 2016. View Details
  • Gino, Francesca, Michael W. Toffel, and Stephanie van Sice. "FIJI Water: Carbon Negative?" Harvard Business School Case 611-049, June 2011. (Revised December 2013.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Francesca Gino. "FIJI Water: Carbon Negative?" Harvard Business School Teaching Note 612-051, November 2011. (Revised January 2014.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "Carbon Footprints: Methods and Calculations." Harvard Business School Background Note 611-075, June 2011. (Revised December 2013.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "Aspen Skiing Company (A)." Harvard Business School Case 611-002, September 2010. (Revised April 2017.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "Aspen Skiing Company (D)." Harvard Business School Supplement 611-019, September 2010. (Revised January 2014.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "Aspen Skiing Company (A), (B), (C), and (D)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 611-020, January 2011. (Revised December 2014.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "Aspen Skiing Company – PowerPoint Supplement." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 615-042, December 2014. (Revised February 2016.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Aspen Skiing Company Video Supplement." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 615-704, December 2014. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Aldo Sesia. "Genzyme Center (A)." Harvard Business School Case 610-008, September 2009. (Revised September 2010.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Genzyme Center (A), (B) & (C)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 610-011, October 2009. (Revised January 2014.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Katharine Lee. "Sustainability at Millipore." Harvard Business School Case 610-012, July 2009. (Revised January 2014.) (defining sustainability in a corporate context, managing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions including inventories, targets, disclosure, reduction strategies.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Sustainability at Millipore (TN)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 610-013, October 2009. (Revised January 2014.) View Details
  • Lee, Deishin, Michael W. Toffel, and Rachel Gordon. "Cook Composites and Polymers Co." Harvard Business School Case 608-055, June 2008. (Revised May 2017.) View Details
  • Lee, Deishin, and Michael W. Toffel. "Cook Composites and Polymers Co." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 608-079, June 2008. (Revised January 2014.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "Trucost: Valuing Corporate Environmental Impacts." Harvard Business School Case 612-025, September 2011. (Revised February 2013.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Trucost: Valuing Corporate Environmental Impacts ." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 612-015, November 2011. (Revised March 2014.) View Details
  • Gino, Francesca, Michael W. Toffel, and Stephanie van Sice. "Fiji versus FIJI: Negotiating Over Water." Harvard Business School Case 912-030, March 2012. (Revised August 2014.) View Details
  • Gino, Francesca, Michael W. Toffel, and Stephanie van Sice. "Fiji versus FIJI: Negotiating Over Water (TN)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 912-031, March 2012. (Revised October 2012.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Robert G. Eccles, and Casey Taylor. "InterfaceRAISE: Sustainability Consulting." Harvard Business School Case 611-069, May 2011. (Revised March 2012.) View Details
  • Eccles, Robert G., and Michael W. Toffel. "InterfaceRAISE: Sustainability Consulting (TN)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 612-049, November 2011. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "The Cage-Free Egg Movement." Harvard Business School Background Note 611-021, September 2010. (Revised February 2013.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Nazli Z. Uludere Aragon. "The Precautionary Principle." Harvard Business School Background Note 610-043, June 2010. (Revised February 2013.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and L. Beril Toktay. "The Sustainable Core: Operations Management." Harvard Business School Course Overview Note 616-022, January 2016. (Revised February 2016.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Implementing Environmentally Sustainable Operations." Harvard Business School Module Note 613-090, March 2014. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "McDonald's Corporation: Managing a Sustainable Supply Chain—From Amazon Soya to Cage Free Eggs." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 616-021, November 2015. (Revised January 2016.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "McDonald's Corporation: Managing a Sustainable Supply Chain—From Amazon Soya to Cage Free Eggs: Powerpoint Supplement." Harvard Business School PowerPoint Supplement 616-037, November 2015. (This Powerpoint supplement for instructors supports teaching note 616-021.) View Details
  • Buell, Ryan W., Willy C. Shih, and Michael W. Toffel. "United Airlines: More Out-and-Back Flying? Case Supplement #1." Harvard Business School Spreadsheet Supplement 617-701, September 2016. (Revised August 2018.) View Details
  • Buell, Ryan W., Willy Shih, and Mike Toffel. "United Airlines: More Out-and-Back Flying?" Harvard Business School Case 617-010, September 2016. (Revised July 2018.) View Details
  • Buell, Ryan W., Willy C. Shih, and Michael W. Toffel. "Irregular Operations." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 617-705, November 2016. View Details
  • Buell, Ryan W., Willy C. Shih, and Michael W. Toffel. "United Airlines Operations." Harvard Business School Multimedia/Video Supplement 617-704, November 2016. View Details
  • Iansiti, Marco, Michael W. Toffel, and Amram Migdal. "uberPOOL." Harvard Business School Case 617-009, October 2016. (Revised March 2017.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., Kira Fabrizio, and Stephanie van Sice. "EnerNOC: DemandSMART." Harvard Business School Case 613-036, August 2012. (Revised September 2013.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Nazli Z. Uludere Aragon. "The Hybrid Vehicle Market." Harvard Business School Background Note 612-084, March 2012. (Revised February 2013.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Stephanie van Sice. "'Shad' Process Flow Design Exercise (TN)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 608-086, May 2008. (Revised September 2009.) View Details
  • Reinhardt, Forest L., Michael W. Toffel, Noel Maurer, and Frederik Nellemann. "Colbun - Powering Chile (TN)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 712-021, December 2011. View Details
Seminar Presentations
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains." Operations Management Seminar, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, May 10, 2019. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains." Duke Fuqua School of Business Strategy Seminar, April 2, 2019. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains: The Role of Social Auditors." Paper presented at the Operations Management Seminar, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, March 28, 2016. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains: The Role of Social Auditors." Paper presented at the Operations Management Seminar, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, March 4, 2016. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains: The Role of Social Auditors." Ross School of Business Strategy Seminar, University of Michigan, February 5, 2016. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Managing Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains." Georgetown University, McDonough School of Business, March 19, 2015. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Managing Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains." Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), March 6, 2015. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Assessing and Improving Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains: The Role of Social Auditors." Wharton Operations and Information Management Department Seminar, October 7, 2014. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Monitoring the Monitors: How Social Factors Influence Supply Chain Auditors." Management & Organizations Department Seminar, Leonard N. Stern School of Business, March 28, 2014. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Assessing Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains: Evidence from Social Auditors." Technology & Operations Seminar, University of Michigan, Stephen M. Ross School of Business, January 24, 2014. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "What Shapes the Gatekeepers? Evidence from Global Supply Chain Auditors." Supply Chain and Operations Department Seminar, University of Minnesota, Carlson School of Management, Minneapolis, MN, United States, October 2013. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Which Suppliers Adhere to Global Labor Standards? Evidence from Codes of Conduct Audits." Operations Seminar Series (Kellogg School of Management), April 10, 2013. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "OSHA Inspections: Saving Workers or Killing Jobs? Evidence from Randomized Inspections in California." Harvard-NIOSH Education and Research Center Seminar, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, February 25, 2013. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Reinforcing Regulatory Regimes: How States, Civil Society, and Codes of Conduct Promote Adherence to Global Labor Standards." New Directions in Regulation Seminar Series, Harvard Kennedy School Regulatory Policy Program, Cambridge, MA, United States, February 14, 2013. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance in Strengthening Private Monitoring." Paper presented at the Business, Policy and Sustainability Seminar, George Washington University School of Business, April 2012. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "The Globalization of Corporate Environmental Disclosure: Accountability or Greenwashing?" Paper presented at the Duquesne University Donahue School of Business, Sustainable MBA Seminar, April 2011. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance in Strengthening Private Monitoring." Paper presented at the Emory University Goizueta Business School, Organization & Management Department Seminar, February 18, 2011. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "How Stringent Is Private Regulatory Monitoring? The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance." Paper presented at the Wharton Operations and Information Management Department Seminar, October 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "How Stringent Is Private Regulatory Monitoring? The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance." Paper presented at the Georgia Institute of Technology Distinguished Operations Management Lecture, October 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "The Globalization of Corporate Environmental Transparency." Paper presented at the UCLA Anderson School of Management Strategy and Policy Seminar, April 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Organizational Scope and Governance in Private Regulatory Enforcement." Paper presented at the Cornell University Johnson School Operations Management Workshop, April 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "The Globalization of Corporate Environmental Transparency." Paper presented at the Harvard Business School Accounting & Management Unit Seminar, April 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Coming Clean...and Cleaning Up? Examining the Effects of Self-Policing." Paper presented at the Duke Fuqua School of Business Strategy Seminar, Durham, NC, December 2009. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Coming Clean...and Cleaning Up? Examining the Effects of Self-Policing." Paper presented at the Stanford Operations, Information & Technology Seminars, May 2009. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Responding to Public and Private Politics: Corporate Disclosure of Climate Change Strategies." Paper presented at the Institute for Work and Employment Research Seminar, MIT Sloan School of Management, April 2009. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Coming Clean...and Cleaning Up? Examining the Effects of Self-Policing." University of Western Ontario, Richard Ivey School of Business, February 2009. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Shamed and Able: How Firms Respond to Information Disclosure." Paper presented at the Erb Institute Colloquium, March 2008. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Coming Clean...and Cleaning Up? Examining the Effects of Self-Policing." Paper presented at the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government Business & Government Seminar Series, John F. Kennedy School of Government, March 2007. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Coming Clean...and Cleaning Up? Examining the Effects of Self-Policing." Paper presented at the Harvard Kennedy School Seminar on Environmental Economics and Policy, February 2007. View Details
Conference Presentations
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Tips for Developing a Strong Research Pipeline and Clear Research Identity." In SIM-ONE-PNP Junior Faculty Consortium. Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, August 11, 2019. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Sustainability Research at the Strategy‐Supply Chain Interface." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, August 11, 2019. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Monitoring Global Supply Chains." Paper presented at the Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability Annual Research Conference, May 14, 2015. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Enhancing Relevance of Research." Paper presented at the Production and Operations Management Society Annual Conference, Washington, DC, May 9, 2015. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "What Shapes the Gatekeepers? Evidence from Global Supply Chain Auditors." Paper presented at the Workshop for Empirical Research in Operations Management, Wharton School, October 2013. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Sustainability and Strategy: Institutional Drivers and Performance Outcomes." Paper presented at the Strategic Management Society Annual International Conference, Atlanta, September 30, 2013. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Which Suppliers Better Adhere to International Labor Standards? Evidence from Codes of Conduct Audits." Paper presented at the Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability Annual Research Conference, Berkeley, CA, May 2013. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "When Do Firms Greenwash?" Paper presented at the 24th Society for the Advancement of Socio-Economics Annual Meeting, June 28, 2012. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Engaging Supply Chains in Climate Change." Paper presented at the GRONEN Research Conference, Group on Organizations and the Natural Environment (GRONEN), Saint Maximin la Sainte Baume, France, June 27, 2012. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Private Enforcement of Labor and Environmental Standards in Global Supply Chains." Paper presented at the GRONEN Research Conference, Group on Organizations and the Natural Environment (GRONEN), Saint Maximin la Sainte Baume, France, June 27, 2012. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance in Strengthening Private Monitoring." Paper presented at the New Insight into Quality and Environmental Practices, Université Paris-Dauphine, Paris, France, June 2012. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "When do Firms Greenwash?" Paper presented at the Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability Annual Research Conference, New Haven, Connecticut, May 2012. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Engaging Suppliers to Mitigate Climate Change." Paper presented at the Innovation in Operations Conference, June 11, 2011. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "How Stringent Is Private Regulatory Monitoring? The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance." Paper presented at the INFORMS Annual Meeting, Austin, TX, November 7, 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Speaking Up Constructively: Managerial Practices That Elicit Solutions from Front-line Employees." Paper presented at the INFORMS Annual Meeting, Austin, TX, November 7, 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Coming Clean and Cleaning Up: Does Voluntary Self-Reporting Indicate Effective Self-Policing?" Paper presented at the Workshop for Empirical Research in Operations Management, October 14, 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "How Stringent is Private Regulatory Enforcement? The Role of Organizational Scope and Governance." Paper presented at the Annual Conference of the Production and Operations Management Society (POMS), Vancouver, May 1, 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Responding to Public and Private Politics: Corporate Disclosure of Climate Change Strategies." Paper presented at the Strategy and the Business Environment Conference, March 06–07, 2009. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Shamed and Able: How Firms Respond to Information Disclosure." Paper presented at the Institutional Foundations for Industry Self-Regulation Conference, February 29, 2008. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Are Management Standards Effective?" Paper presented at the Just Supply Chains Conference, January 11, 2008. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Quality Management & Job Quality: How ISO 9001 Affects Employees & Employers." Paper presented at the Workshop on Empirical Research in Operations Management, November 06, 2008. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Shamed and Able: How Firms Respond to Information Disclosure." Paper presented at the Workshop on Empirical Research in Operations Management, September 27, 2007. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "How Well Do Social Ratings Actually Measure Corporate Social Responsibility?" Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, August 03–08, 2007. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Coming Clean...and Cleaning Up? Examining the Effects of Self-Policing." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, August 05, 2007. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Inspection Holidays and Compliance Outcomes: Examining the Outcomes of Self-Policing." Paper presented at the Strategy and the Business Environment Conference, March 30, 2007. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Coming Clean...and Cleaning Up? Examining the Effects of Self-Policing." Paper presented at the Conference on Institutional Foundations for Industry Self-Regulation, February 16, 2007. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Turning Themselves in: Why Some Firms Self-disclose Regulatory Violations." Paper presented at the Strategy and the Business Environment Conference, March 24, 2006. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Turning Themselves In: Why Some Firms Self-disclose Regulatory Violations." Paper presented at the Conference on Institutional Mechanisms for Industry Self-Regulation, February 24, 2006. View Details
Presentations to Managers
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Lloyd's Register Supply Chain Webinar: What Trends Are Influencing the Future of Supply Chain Assurance?" Lloyd's Register Group, May 18, 2021. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "CEO Activism." Future 500 Corporate Affiliates Network webinar, Future 500, November 6, 2018. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "CEO Activism." Business Network for Civic Freedoms and Human Rights Defenders, Business and Human Rights Resource Centre, June 18, 2018. View Details
  • Chatterji, Aaron K., and Michael W. Toffel. "Why CEOs Are Taking a Stand." HBR IdeaCast (March 27, 2018). (Podcast.) View Details
  • Chatterji, Aaron K., and Michael W. Toffel. "The New CEO Activism: What Leaders Must Know." Harvard Business Review Webinar, April 5, 2018. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W., and Yanhua Zhou. "Assessing and Improving Working Conditions at Global Supply Chain Factories." Paper presented at the Ethical Sourcing Forum, New York, NY, April 7, 2016. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Monitoring Global Supply Chains." Paper presented at the Bangladesh Development Conference, Harvard University, South Asia Institute, June 5, 2015. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Empirical Research Opportunities on Inspection and Compliance." Paper presented at the Research on Effective Government: Inspection and Compliance Workshop, University of Maryland. Maryland Center for Economics and Policy and Harvard Business School, Washington, DC, June 1, 2015. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Managing Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains." SAI Advisory Board Meeting, Social Accountability International, May 20, 2015. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Managing Working Conditions in Global Supply Chains." Paper presented at the Ethical Sourcing Forum, March 27, 2015. View Details
  • Short, Jodi L., and Michael W. Toffel. "Monitoring the Monitors: How Social Factors Influence Supply Chain Auditors." Elevate Limited Webinar, July 17, 2014. (Webinar coordinated by Elevate Limited.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Greening Supply Chains." Paper presented at the Green Growth Knowledge Platform Annual Conference, Global Green Growth Institute, Paris, France, April 4, 2013. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "The Regulator's Role in Encouraging Self-policing: Evidence from the EPA's Audit Policy." Paper presented at the Next Generation Environmental Compliance Workshop, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Enforcement and Compliance, Washington, DC, December 2012. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Environmental Disclosures: Lessons Learned from Empirical Research." Greenhouse Gas Reporting Program: Opportunities for Research and Policy Analysis , Resources for the Future, Washington, DC, October 12, 2012. (Cosponsored by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.) View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Evaluating OSHA Inspections for Intended and Unintended Outcomes." Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety Seminar, Liberty Mutual Research Institute for Safety, Hopkinton, MA, United States, August 2012. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "How Firms Respond to Mandatory Information Disclosure." Paper presented at the National Training Conference on the Toxics Release Inventory and Environmental Conditions in Communities, Washington, DC, April 12, 2012. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Servicizing: Are There Win-Wins? In Search of Economic and Environmental Benefits." Paper presented at the Wharton Service Supply Chain Thought Leaders Forum, San Francisco, March 01, 2011. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "How the ISO 9001 Standard for Quality Management Systems Improves Employee Morale and Increases Profitability and Competitiveness." Paper presented at the IBS User Forum, Boston, October 21, 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Research Perspectives on Operational Auditing and Certification." Independent Association of Accredited Registrars, Milwaukee, July 7, 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Corporate Environmental Disclosure: A Research Overview." Paper presented at the Amsterdam Global Conference on Sustainability and Transparency, Global Reporting Initiative, Amsterdam, May 27, 2010. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Sustainability Indexes." Paper presented at the Conference Board's Research Working Group on Governance and Sustainability, February 27, 2009. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "New Research on Corporate Environmental Disclosure and Environmental Ratings." Paper presented at the Enterprise Carbon Accounting, February 25, 2009. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Coming Clean...and Cleaning Up? Examining the Effects of Self-Policing." Paper presented at the Conference on Corporate Transparency and Accountability, Washington, DC, February 06, 2009. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "MapEcos: Introduction and Facility Information Disclosure." Paper presented at the Small Business Environmental Roundtable, February 22, 2008. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "MapEcos: Facility Disclosure and Stakeholder Attention (preliminary analysis)." Paper presented at the Toxic Release Inventory (TRI) National Training Conference, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, February 12, 2008. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "The Health and Safety of Quality Programs: An Empirical Evaluation." Paper presented at the California Commission on Health and Safety and Workers' Compensation Meeting, Oakland, CA, August 25, 2005. View Details
  • Toffel, Michael W. "Resolving Information Asymmetries in Supply Chains: The Role of Certified Voluntary Programs." Paper presented at the National Environmental Partnership Summit, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Chicago, IL, April 11, 2005. View Details
Other Publications and Materials
CEO Activism
Managing Working Conditions
Monitoring & Inspecting Operations
Environmental Transparency, Ratings, & Rankings
Management Standards
Managing Climate Change
Multimedia
Research Summary
Overview
My research examines how companies manage environmental issues, occupational safety, and working conditions in global supply chains. More recently, I have also begun researching the drivers and implications of CEO activism, where organizational leaders speak out on controversial societal and political issues.
Keywords: Environmental Performance; Environmental Strategy; Labor Management; Transparency; Institutional Theory; Economic Analysis; Quality Improvement; Operations Management; Supply Chain; Regulation; Environmental Sustainability; Safety; Quality; Climate Change; Environmental Regulation; Pollution; Environmental Management; Operations; Supply Chain Management; Manufacturing Industry; Construction Industry; Asia; Europe; United States
Managing sustainability in supply chains
I am examining codes of conduct, management process standards, and government voluntary programs that address environmental and labor issues, seeking to understand what enables some of these programs to actually deliver on their promise of distinguishing organizations as possessing superior management practices and operational performance.Current research projects in this domain include investigations of the following questions:
  • Under what circumstances do social audits of factories lead to sustained improvements in working conditions? How do social audit team characteristics affect operational improvements?
  • Why are some suppliers more willing than others to disclose to their buyers their carbon footprint and vulnerability to climate change? (working paper)
  • To what extent can private-sector governance mechanisms mitigate corruption, and thus excess pollution, in vehicle emissions testing? (working paper)
  • To what extent does adopting the ISO 14001 Environmental Management System Standard affect an organization’s environmental performance? (working paper)
  • To what extent are government policies that mandate green building practices in public construction projects stimulating the private sector green building market? (related: Genzyme Center case on LEED and green building practices)
Keywords: Environment; Environmental Performance; Environmental Regulation; Environmental Strategy; Regulation; Supply Chain; Supply Chain Management; Manufacturing Industry; Auto Industry; Service Industry; Construction Industry; United States; California
Corporate transparency and information disclosure strategies
This research focuses on transparency and information disclosure strategies, a topic of growing importance in environmental sustainability, corporate strategy, stakeholder relations, and public policy.  My prior research in this area explored why some facilities were voluntarily disclosing compliance violations to the US EPA that their internal environmental compliance auditing programs had uncovered. Another article examined why some companies were voluntarily disclosing greenhouse gas emissions and the opportunities and risks they perceived global climate change was posing to their businesses. I have also looked at how managers respond to environmental ratings. My current research projects in this domain address the following questions:
  • What factors lead particular quality problems documented within organizations to garner follow-up problem solving activities? (working paper)
  • Why are some corporations much more transparent in disclosing their environmental performance than others? (working paper)
  • Why are some suppliers more willing than others to disclose to their buyers their carbon footprint and vulnerability to climate change? (working paper)
Keywords: Transparency; Disclosure Strategy; Disclosure; Environment; Environmental Performance; Regulation; Supply Chain; Environmental Sustainability; United States
Conceptualizing and measuring environmental sustainability
This research involves developing clarity around the murky construct of environmental sustainability, and improving techniques to measure corporate environmental performance. My prior research in this domain includes clarifying environmental sustainability as a construct, and a case about one company’s sustainability initiative and its approach to greenhouse gas emissions management, and a case about green building that analyzes performance implications of the LEED green building process standard. Other prior work has tested the predictive validity of environmental ratings, and developing better ways to measure environmental performance using Toxic Release Inventory data and to deploy hybrid life cycle assessment techniques.
Teaching
Overview
Professor Toffel teaches the required first-year MBA course Technology and Operations Management (TOM).

He also coordinates and teaches the Doctoral Seminar in Technology and Operations Management to help doctoral students develop research ideas, design studies, conduct robust analysis, and learn to clearly present their insights.

Toffel has also taught the MBA elective Environmentally Sustainable Strategy & Operations, a course based on the award-winning Business and the Environment course he co-developed with Forest Reinhardt.

He has also taught the Technology and Operations Management portion of the Business Education for Scholars and Teachers (BEST) course to all HBS doctoral students.

Keywords: Environmental Sustainability; Operations; Supply Chain Management; Government Legislation; Non-Governmental Organizations; Multinational Firms and Management
Awards & Honors
Finalist for the 2021 MSOM Responsible Research Award from the Manufacturing and Service Operations Management Society (MSOM) for his article with Maria Ibanez, “How Scheduling Can Bias Quality Assessment: Evidence from Food Safety Inspections” (Management Science, June 2020).
Finalist for the 2020 Responsible Research in Management Award from the Community for Responsible Research in Business and Management (RRBM) for his article with Yanhua Bird and Jodi L. Short, "Coupling Labor Codes of Conduct and Supplier Labor Practices: The Role of Internal Structural Conditions" (Organization Science, July–August 2019).
Winner of the 2019 ComplianceNet Best Paper Award for his article with Yanhua Bird and Jodi L. Short, "Coupling Labor Codes of Conduct and Supplier Labor Practices: The Role of Internal Structural Conditions" (Organization Science, July–August 2019).
Winner of the 2019 California Management Review Best Article Award for his article with Thomas Lyon, Magali A. Delmas, John W. Maxwell, Pratima Bansal, Mireille Chiroleu-Assouline, Patricia Crifo, Rodolphe Durand, Jean-Pascal Gond, Andrew King, Michael Lenox, David Vogel, and Frank Wijen, "CSR Needs CPR: Corporate Sustainability and Politics" (Summer 2018).
Awarded the 2019 Warren Bennis Prize for the best 2018 Harvard Business Review article on leadership for his article with Aaron Chatterji, "The New CEO Activists" (January–February 2018).
Honorable Mention for the 2016 Manufacturing & Service Operations Management Best Paper Award for his article with Chonnikarn Fern Jira, "Engaging Supply Chains in Climate Change" (Fall 2013).
Winner of the Outstanding Conference Paper Award from the 2015 Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability (ARCS) Annual Conference for his paper with Jodi Short and Andrea Hugill, “Monitoring Global Supply Chains.”
Winner of the 2014 NBS Research Impact on Practice Award from the Network for Business Sustainability and the Academy of Management (AOM) Organizations and Natural Environment (ONE) Division for his article with Lamar Pierce, “The role of organizational scope and governance in strengthening private monitoring.”
Winner (with Matthew Johnson and David I. Levine) of the 2014 Coalition for Evidence-Based Policy Grant Competition on the subject of “Demonstrating How Low-Cost Randomized Controlled Trials Can Drive Effective Social Spending.”
Winner of the inaugural ARCS Sustainable Scholar Award from the Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability (ARCS) in 2014. This research career award seeks to recognize the leading pre-tenure scholar “in the area of corporate sustainability who is likely to make significant contributions to the advancement of corporate sustainability scholarship and practice.”
Winner of the Outstanding Conference Paper Award from the 2014 Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability (ARCS) Annual Conference for his paper with Susan Kayser and John Maxwell, “How multinational corporations can leverage stakeholder scrutiny to identify socially responsible suppliers.”
Received the 2013 Apgar Award for Innovation in Teaching.
Winner of the 2013 Paul Kleindorfer Award in Sustainability from the Production and Operations Management Society (POMS). The award recognizes “young scholars who have already distinguished themselves through the breadth and innovativeness of their scholarly work on questions related to sustainable operations and the social and environmental impact of business.”
Won the 2012 Doctoral Award for Excellence in Mentoring. Established by doctoral students, the awards recognize HBS faculty “who exemplify a deep commitment to fostering the personal and professional development” of HBS doctoral students.
Nominated in 2012 by the Strategic Management Society (SMS) for Best Conference Paper for Practice Implications at the SMS 32nd Annual International Conference for “Competition and Illicit Quality” (Bennett, Pierce, Snyder, Toffel, HBS Working Paper No. 12–071, February 2012).
Nominated in 2012 by the Strategic Management Society (SMS) for Best Conference Paper at the SMS 32nd Annual International Conference for “Competition and Illicit Quality” (Bennett, Pierce, Snyder, Toffel, HBS Working Paper No. 12–071, February 2012).
Awarded the Marvin Bower Fellowship in 2011 by Harvard Business School.
Won the 2011 Best Health Care Management Theory-to-Practice Paper Award in the Health Care Management Division of the Academy of Management for his paper with Julia Adler-Milstein and Sara J. Singer, “Managerial Practices that Promote Voice and Taking Charge among Frontline Workers.”
Selected for the 2011 Best Paper Proceedings of the Academy of Management for his paper with Julia Adler-Milstein and Sara J. Singer, "Managerial Practices that Promote Voice and Taking Charge among Frontline Workers."
Runner up for the 2010 Doctoral Award for Excellence in Mentoring. Established by doctoral students, the awards recognize HBS faculty "who exemplify a deep commitment to fostering the personal and professional development" of HBS doctoral students.
Won the 2010 Emerging Scholar Award from the Academy of Management's Organizations and the Natural Environment (ONE) Division. The award recognizes "a stream of research that has substantial ONE content and that has been published in premier scholarly outlets."
Won the 2009 D. Alfred N. and Lynn Manos Page Grand Prize for Sustainability Issues in Business Curricula for the HBS Elected Curriculum course, "Business and the Environment" with Forest Reinhardt.
Winner of the 2006 Charles H. Levine Award for Best Conference Paper from the Public and NonProfit Division of the Academy of Management for "Coerced Confessions: How Regulatory Deterrence Drives Self-Policing" (with Jodi L. Short, Academy of Management Best Paper Proceedings, 2006).
Runner up for the 2006 Academy of Management Best Dissertation Award from the Organizations and Natural Environment Division for "Voluntary Environmental Management Initiatives: Smoke Signals or Smoke Screens?" (University of California at Berkeley, 2005).
Winner of the 2006 Academy of Management Best Dissertation Award from the Social Issues in Management Division for "Voluntary Environmental Management Initiatives: Smoke Signals or Smoke Screens?" (University of California at Berkeley, 2005).
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