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  • June 2025
  • Article
  • Accounting, Organizations and Society

Gender Diversity Performance and Voluntary Disclosure: Mind the (Gender Pay) Gap

By: June Huang and Shirley Lu
  • Format:Print
  • | Pages:20
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Abstract

We study whether voluntary gender diversity disclosure is predictive of gender diversity performance. Exploiting a mandate in the United Kingdom that requires firms to disclose 2017 gender pay gap ("GPG") data for the first time, we find that providing voluntary gender diversity disclosure in 2016 is correlated with having a worse gender pay gap in 2017. Our results are concentrated in industries with worse gender diversity reputations, consistent with legitimacy theory, where firms facing more public pressure use voluntary disclosure to help legitimize their reputations. We further examine whether this disclosure reflects a firm's intent to improve its gender diversity performance over time. We find that forward-looking disclosures, such as gender diversity targets, are positively associated with GPG improvement from 2017 to 2019. Collectively, these gender pay gap findings shed light on how voluntary ESG disclosure can be used to predict current and future ESG performance.

Keywords

Pay Gap; Diversity; Gender; Wages; Reputation; Corporate Disclosure; United Kingdom

Citation

Huang, June, and Shirley Lu. "Gender Diversity Performance and Voluntary Disclosure: Mind the (Gender Pay) Gap." Accounting, Organizations and Society 114 (June 2025).
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About The Author

Shirley Lu

Accounting and Management
→More Publications

More from the Authors

    • March 2025
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    Limited Accountability and Awareness of Corporate Emissions Target Outcomes

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    Climate Solutions, Transition Risk, and Stock Returns

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    Catalysts for Climate Solutions: Corporate Responses to Venture Capital Financing of Climate-tech Startups

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More from the Authors
  • Limited Accountability and Awareness of Corporate Emissions Target Outcomes By: Xiaoyan Jiang, Shawn Kim and Shirley Lu
  • Climate Solutions, Transition Risk, and Stock Returns By: Shirley Lu, Edward J. Riedl, Simon Xu and George Serafeim
  • Catalysts for Climate Solutions: Corporate Responses to Venture Capital Financing of Climate-tech Startups By: Shirley Lu, George Serafeim and Simon Xu
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