Publications
Publications
- March 2022
- HBS Case Collection
Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States
By: Rosabeth Moss Kanter and Catarina Mia Martinez
Abstract
This background Note introduces the implications of climate change (global warming) for American cities. In the U.S., partisan political divides and unaddressed economic and racial disparities in climate vulnerabilities can inhibit action. The two main fronts for action are mitigation (reducing emissions) and adaptation (preparing for change by building resilience). The Note reviews main sources of emissions—energy, buildings, transportation, waste—and examples of mitigation actions, showing differential costs and impact. Adaptation actions depend on geographic location and specific climate hazards, with resilience of infrastructure and institutions a major factor. The most risk-prone are often the least prepared. Crises tend to propel action, and foundations have facilitated adaptation capacity, but leadership challenges require cross-sector goal-setting and collaboration.
Keywords
Climate Change; Cities; Emission Reduction; Change; Change Leadership; Electric Power Generation; Transportation; Recycling; Green Business; Green Building; Ecosystem; Construction; Systems Change; Cross-sector Collaboration; Adaptation; Geographic Location; Resource Allocation; Infrastructure; Government and Politics; Social Issues; Urban Development; United States
Citation
Kanter, Rosabeth Moss, and Catarina Mia Martinez. "Climate Challenges for Cities: Introduction to Issues and Actions in the United States." Harvard Business School Background Note 322-103, March 2022.