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  • American Economic Review

Deposit Competition and Financial Fragility: Evidence from the U.S. Banking Sector

By: Mark Egan, Ali Hortaçsu and Gregor Matvos
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Abstract

We develop a structural empirical model of the US banking sector. Insured depositors and run-prone uninsured depositors choose between differentiated banks. Banks compete for deposits and endogenously default. The estimated demand for uninsured deposits declines with banks' financial distress, which is not the case for insured deposits. We calibrate the supply side of the model. The calibrated model possesses multiple equilibria with bank-run features, suggesting that banks can be very fragile. We use our model to analyze proposed bank regulations. For example, our results suggest that a capital requirement below 18 percent can lead to significant instability in the banking system.

Keywords

Banks and Banking; Financial Condition; United States

Citation

Egan, Mark, Ali Hortaçsu, and Gregor Matvos. "Deposit Competition and Financial Fragility: Evidence from the U.S. Banking Sector." American Economic Review 107, no. 1 (January 2017): 169–216.
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About The Author

Mark L. Egan

Finance
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More from the Authors
  • Conflicting Interests and the Effect of Fiduciary Duty: Evidence from Variable Annuities By: Mark Egan, Shan Ge and Johnny Tang
  • How Do Investors Value ESG? By: Malcolm Baker, Mark Egan and Suproteem K. Sarkar
  • Recovering Investor Expectations from Demand for Index Funds By: Mark Egan, Alexander J. MacKay and Hanbin Yang
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