Skip to Main Content
HBS Home
  • About
  • Academic Programs
  • Alumni
  • Faculty & Research
  • Baker Library
  • Giving
  • Harvard Business Review
  • Initiatives
  • News
  • Recruit
  • Map / Directions
Faculty & Research
  • Faculty
  • Research
  • Featured Topics
  • Academic Units
  • …→
  • Harvard Business School→
  • Faculty & Research→
Publications
Publications
  • Article
  • American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings

Beyond Beta-Delta: The Emerging Economics of Personal Plans

By: John Beshears, Katherine L. Milkman and Joshua Schwartzstein
  • Format:Print
ShareBar

Abstract

People make personal plans regarding whether, when, where, and how to undertake certain actions. We discuss three questions related to personal plans. First, what are the effects of plans on behavior? Second, when are plans formed? Third, how do plans deviate from optimality? For each of these questions, we (a) offer a brief overview of research that sheds light on the issue and (b) identify gaps in current knowledge. We emphasize connections to the growing theoretical literature that gives personal plans a substantive role, but we conclude that more research is needed, especially on the latter two questions we cover.

Keywords

Behavior; Planning

Citation

Beshears, John, Katherine L. Milkman, and Joshua Schwartzstein. "Beyond Beta-Delta: The Emerging Economics of Personal Plans." American Economic Review: Papers and Proceedings 106, no. 5 (May 2016): 430–434.
  • Read Now

About The Authors

John Beshears

Negotiation, Organizations & Markets
→More Publications

Joshua R. Schwartzstein

Negotiation, Organizations & Markets
→More Publications

More from the Authors

    • March 2025
    • Journal of Financial Economics

    Optimal Illiquidity

    By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, Christopher Clayton, Christopher Harris, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
    • January 2025
    • Journal of Pension Economics & Finance

    Automatic Enrollment with a 12% Default Contribution Rate

    By: John Beshears, Ruofei Guo, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian and James J. Choi
    • October 2024
    • Faculty Research

    Deepa Bachu: Design Thinking at Pensaar

    By: Thomas Graeber and Joshua Schwartzstein
More from the Authors
  • Optimal Illiquidity By: John Beshears, James J. Choi, Christopher Clayton, Christopher Harris, David Laibson and Brigitte C. Madrian
  • Automatic Enrollment with a 12% Default Contribution Rate By: John Beshears, Ruofei Guo, David Laibson, Brigitte C. Madrian and James J. Choi
  • Deepa Bachu: Design Thinking at Pensaar By: Thomas Graeber and Joshua Schwartzstein
ǁ
Campus Map
Harvard Business School
Soldiers Field
Boston, MA 02163
→Map & Directions
→More Contact Information
  • Make a Gift
  • Site Map
  • Jobs
  • Harvard University
  • Trademarks
  • Policies
  • Accessibility
  • Digital Accessibility
Copyright © President & Fellows of Harvard College.