More from the Author

• Technical Note | HBS Case Collection | November 2018 (Revised March 2019)

  Initial Coin Offerings in 2018

  Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Ramana Nanda, Robert F. White and Nathaniel Schwalb

  In 2018, Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs) were an emerging fundraising method for blockchain-based projects. As the ecosystem grew, there were many open questions on regulation, pricing, and even which projects were a good fit for blockchain. However, there was already some emerging consensus on the benefits and challenges of building with blockchain and emerging best practices for Initial Coin Offerings.

  Keywords: Blockchain; Initial Coin Offerings; ICO; Decentralization; networks; Protocols; Entrepreneurship; Project Finance;

  Citation:

  Bussgang, Jeffrey J., Ramana Nanda, Robert F. White, and Nathaniel Schwalb. "Initial Coin Offerings in 2018." Harvard Business School Technical Note 819-057, November 2018. (Revised March 2019.)  View Details

  CiteView DetailsEducators

  Related

• Case | HBS Case Collection | May 2018 (Revised January 2019)

  AirFox (A): Embracing the Blockchain and an ICO

  Jeffrey J. Bussgang, Edward B. Berk and Nate Schwalb

  In summer 2017, Victor Santos, CEO of AirFox, considered whether to pivot his startup towards a new product built with blockchain—a quickly growing technology at the time. AirFox was an early stage startup that sold Software-as-a-Service (SaaS) to small telecom companies. AirFox was generating revenue and had a pipeline of interested customers, but it was running low on cash. In addition, Santos was finding it difficult to secure further venture capital investment. In the meantime, blockchain protocols were growing in popularity in technology circles and many blockchain projects were securing investment via Initial Coin Offerings (ICOs). Santos and his team brainstormed a new business, which would launch a new blockchain currency to facilitate financial services for unbanked and underbanked customers in emerging markets via their smartphone. Santos had to decide whether to go forward with the new plan despite regulatory risk, execution risk, and vocal opposition from some employees and investors.

  Keywords: Blockchain; cryptocurrency; Initial Coin Offering; ICO; Business Startups; Finance; Currency; Strategy; Decision Making; United States;

  Citation:

  Bussgang, Jeffrey J., Edward B. Berk, and Nate Schwalb. "AirFox (A): Embracing the Blockchain and an ICO." Harvard Business School Case 818-097, May 2018. (Revised January 2019.)  View Details

  CiteView DetailsEducatorsPurchase

  Related

• Case | HBS Case Collection | January 2018 (Revised January 2019)

  Giving Birth to Ovia Health

  Jeffrey J. Bussgang and Julia Kelley

  In late 2016, Paris Wallace, the CEO of Ovia Health, and the rest of the company’s co-founders faced a difficult decision about the best way to grow Ovia Health’s revenue. Founded in 2012, Ovia Health specialized in mobile and web applications in the women’s health space. After building a strong user base with its original app (Ovia Fertility, which helped women conceive by tracking ovulation and other factors), the young company launched a second app, Ovia Pregnancy, which helped women have a healthy pregnancy by tracking various health metrics. Ovia Health’s apps were free to use, and most of the company’s revenue came from charging advertisers to host ads on its native advertising platform. Wallace believed that the family benefits market was a promising growth area, but he was not sure of the best way to enter the market. Recently, a top health benefits provider had offered Ovia Health a multi-million-dollar contract, but Wallace wondered whether Ovia Health could create a better family benefits solution by turning down the contract and selling directly to employers’ HR departments. Participants will need to examine how Ovia Health evolved its strategy over time and decide which growth opportunity was the better choice.

  Keywords: Growth and Development Strategy; Market Entry and Exit; Health Care and Treatment; Health Industry;

  Citation:

  Bussgang, Jeffrey J., and Julia Kelley. "Giving Birth to Ovia Health." Harvard Business School Case 818-004, January 2018. (Revised January 2019.)  View Details

  CiteView DetailsEducatorsPurchase

  Related