Racial Diversity, Racial Asymmetries, and Team Learning Environment: Effects on Performance

Robin J. Ely; Irene  Padavic; David A. Thomas

Article | Organization Studies | March 2012

Racial Diversity, Racial Asymmetries, and Team Learning Environment: Effects on Performance

by Robin J. Ely, Irene Padavic and David A. Thomas

Abstract

This paper argues that learning in cross-race interactions is critical for work teams to realize performance benefits from racial diversity but that diversity is a liability when society's negative stereotypes about racial minorities' competence inhibit such interactions. We analyze two years of data from 496 retail bank branches to investigate racial asymmetries in the dynamics of team learning and their impact on the link between diversity and bottom-line performance. As expected, minorities' negative assessments of their team's learning environment precipitate a negative relationship between diversity and performance, irrespective of white teammates' assessments; only when both groups view the team's learning environment as supportive-implying that the team has successfully countered the negative effects of societal stereotypes on cross-race learning-is the relationship positive. We conclude that acknowledging the impact of societal asymmetries between racial groups, especially in regard to learning, can reorient research about the link between identity-group-based diversity and performance.

Keywords: Groups and Teams; Performance; Learning; Diversity;

Format: Print

Find at Harvard

Citation:

Ely, Robin J., Irene Padavic, and David A. Thomas. "Racial Diversity, Racial Asymmetries, and Team Learning Environment: Effects on Performance." Organization Studies 33, no. 3 (March 2012): 341–362.

Why have women failed to achieve parity with men in the workplace? Contrary to popular belief, it’s not because women prioritize their families over their careers, negotiate poorly, lack confidence, or are too risk averse. Meta-analyses of published studies show that those ideas are myths—men and women actually have similar inclinations, attitudes, and skills. What does differ is the way they are treated on the job: Women have less access to vital information, get less feedback from supervisors, and face other obstacles to advancement. To ensure gender equity, the authors recommend that managers (1) question the stereotypes behind their practices, (2) consider other factors that might explain the achievement gap, (3) change workplace conditions accordingly, and (4) keep challenging assumptions and sharing learning to create a culture in which all employees can reach their full potential.

Any list of top CEOs reveals a stunning lack of diversity. Among the leaders of Fortune 500 companies, for example, just 32 are women, three are African-American, and not one is an African-American woman. What’s going on? The authors studied the careers of the roughly 2,300 alumni of African descent who have graduated from Harvard Business School since its founding, focusing on the 67 African-American women who have attained top positions in corporations or professional services firms. These women thrived, they found, because of three characteristics that are key to resilience: emotional intelligence, authenticity, and agility. The women were adept at reading interpersonal dynamics and managing their own reactions; crafting their identities; and transforming obstacles into opportunities. Beyond personal strengths, the authors say, another factor was critical: nurturing relationships with mentors who recognized the women’s talent and made it their business to support them. The insights gleaned are important not just for African-Americans and women; they’re essential for any manager who recognizes that an organization’s diversity is its strength.

Article | Harvard Business Review

Beating the Odds: Leadership Lessons from Senior African-American Women

Laura Morgan Roberts, Anthony Mayo, Robin Ely, David Thomas, Laura Morgan Roberts, Anthony Mayo, Robin Ely and David Thomas

Keywords: Leadership; Diversity; Race; Gender; Personal Characteristics; Relationships; Success;

Citation:

Roberts, Laura Morgan, Anthony Mayo, Robin Ely, and David Thomas. "Beating the Odds: Leadership Lessons from Senior African-American Women." Harvard Business Review 96, no. 2 (March–April 2018): 126–131. View Details

Cite View Details Find at Harvard Find at Harvard Register to Read Register to Read

Faculty & Research

Racial Diversity, Racial Asymmetries, and Team Learning Environment: Effects on Performance

Abstract

Citation:

About the Authors

More from these Authors