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Publications
  • 2010
  • Working Paper
  • HBS Working Paper Series

Will I Stay or Will I Go?: Cooperative and Competitive Effects of Workgroup Sex and Race Composition on Turnover

By: Kathleen L. McGinn and Katherine L Milkman
  • Format:Print
  • | Language:English
  • | Pages:48
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Abstract

We develop an integrated theory of the social identity mechanisms linking workgroup sex and race composition across levels with individual turnover. Building on social identity research, we theorize that social cohesion (Tyler, 1999; Hogg and Terry, 2000) and social comparison (Festinger, 1954) lead to well-known cooperative effects within subordinate-supervisor pairs of the same sex and race, but potentially competitive effects among demographically similar peers. Analyzing longitudinal human resource data on professionals employed in a large up-or-out knowledge organization, we assess the distinct effects of demographic match with superiors and demographic match with peers on the exit of junior professionals. We find largely cooperative effects of cross-level composition-junior professionals who work in groups with higher proportions of same sex senior professionals are less likely to exit. At the peer level, however, these effects are reversed, and professionals are more likely to leave as the proportions of same sex and race peers within the workgroup increase. The effects hold across demographic groups, but vary by majority/minority status, disproportionately affecting women and underrepresented minorities.

Keywords

Competition; Ethnicity; Race; Groups and Teams; Identity; Resignation and Termination; Gender; Cooperation

Citation

McGinn, Kathleen L., and Katherine L Milkman. "Will I Stay or Will I Go? Cooperative and Competitive Effects of Workgroup Sex and Race Composition on Turnover." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 10-066, February 2010.
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About The Author

Kathleen L. McGinn

Negotiation, Organizations & Markets
→More Publications

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    Francoise Brougher

    By: Edward H. Chang, Nour Kteily and Kathleen McGinn
More from the Authors
  • Teaching Note for Endesa Chile: Raising the Ralco Dam & Río Curicó: A Six-party Negotiation Exercise By: Julian Zlatev, Kathleen McGinn, Katherine Chen and Rachel Drapper
  • Traversing a Career Path: Pat Fili-Krushel By: Kathleen L. McGinn, Deborah Kolb and Katherine Chen
  • Francoise Brougher By: Edward H. Chang, Nour Kteily and Kathleen McGinn
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