Introduction to the Large-Scale Investment (LSI) Course at Harvard Business School

Benjamin C. Esty

Background Note | HBS Case Collection | October 2003 (Revised February 2004)

Introduction to the Large-Scale Investment (LSI) Course at Harvard Business School

Abstract

Introduces students to the Large-Scale Investment (LSI) course taught at Harvard Business School. LSI is a case-based course about project finance that is designed for second-year MBA students. The course is about project finance, which involves creation of a legally independent project company financed with equity from one or more sponsoring firms and nonrecourse debt for the purpose of investing in a capital asset. In 2001, project-financed investment reached $217 billion worldwide. The LSI course describes what project finance is, why it creates value, and how to structure deals. In doing so, the course helps to sharpen and deepen students' understanding of corporate finance. This note describes the course's key themes, structure, and content. Additionally, there is a brief synopsis of each case study. The cases are available individually from Harvard Business School Publishing.

Keywords: Value Creation; Project Finance; Investment; Projects;

Format: Print

23 pages

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Citation:

Esty, Benjamin C. "Introduction to the Large-Scale Investment (LSI) Course at Harvard Business School." Harvard Business School Background Note 204-093, October 2003. (Revised February 2004.)

Teaching Note | HBS Case Collection | April 2019

The a2 Milk Company

Benjamin C. Esty and Daniel Fisher

The a2 Milk Company (a2MC) became the most valuable company listed on the New Zealand stock exchange in 2018 by capitalizing on a biochemical discovery related to the protein composition of cow's milk. Because many people find the A1 protein difficult to digest, and that protein may be related to other health problems (e.g., diabetes), a2MC sells dairy products containing the A2 protein only primarily in Australia and China. With sales of NZ$730 million in 2017 and a desire to grow, a2MC formed a strategic relationship with Fonterra, the world's sixth largest dairy company, in February 2018. But one month later, Nestle, the world's largest dairy company, confirmed that it had begun selling A2 infant formula in China and people speculated that it would start selling A2 products in Australia and New Zealand later in the year. a2MC's retiring CEO Geoffrey Babidge and newly appointed CEO Janyne Hrdlicka must decide how to respond to Nestle's entry. Can this successful entrant become an incumbent with a sustainable competitive advantage?

Keywords: Judo economics; Market entry; innovation; barriers to response; industry attractiveness; advantage horizon; sustainability; first-mover advantage; scope; strategy execution; strategic evolution; biochemistry; genetics; branding; commodity; milk; Dairy; infant formula; Farming; Porter's Five Forces; Market Entry and Exit; Disruption; Innovation and Invention; Competitive Advantage; Corporate Strategy; Value Creation; Competition; Brands and Branding; Five Forces Framework; Consumer Products Industry; New Zealand; Australia; China;

Citation:

Esty, Benjamin C., and Daniel Fisher. "The a2 Milk Company." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 719-428, April 2019. View Details

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In August 2017, MoviePass dramatically lowered its subscription price from $50 per month to just $10 for up to one movie per day. The idea was to rapidly scale the business to the point where they could generate incremental revenue streams from related businesses (e.g., a share of ticket and concession revenues from theaters, advertising revenue from movie studios; and revenue from ride-sharing companies). Within two days, Moviepass had gotten 150k new subscribers; within six months, they had more than 2 million. But as of February 2018, the company faced three challenges: theaters were resisting the concept, investors were shorting the stock in record numbers, and competitors were beginning to appear. Could CEO Lowe convince investors that they did, indeed, have a viable business model and could monetize their growing subscriber base? At the same time, Lowe had to decide whether to raise subscription prices to cover the growing losses or keep prices low to attract subscribers as quickly as possible.

Approximately 80% of the wineries in the U.S. break even or lose money. An even greater percentage lose money on an economic basis (i.e., after a charge for the cost of equity). Tegan Passalacqua is a successful, young, Californian winemaker who specializes in making “old vine” wine (i.e., wine from vines that are at least 60 and up to 100+ years old). By day, he is the head winemaker at Turley Wine Cellars, a leading Zinfandel producer. In his spare time, however, he runs his own winery called Sandlands, which produces premium wines using historic, out-of-favor grape varieties such as Carignane, Mataro, and Chenin Blanc. Despite the odds, Sandlands appears to be succeeding. The question is why and whether his performance is sustainable. The case is set in December 2017 as Passalacqua was deciding whether to buy a building and develop a winery at a cost of up to $500,000. Because he already owns an old vine vineyard, and has limited resources, he must decide if this is the right investment to make next.

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Introduction to the Large-Scale Investment (LSI) Course at Harvard Business School

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