Speaker(s):  Sean Nicholson (Wharton)


Title:           
 "Physician Learning and Best Practice Adoption: An Application to Cesarean Sections."


Abstract
Small-area-variation studies have demonstrated that people receive a substantially different amount of medical care depending on where they live, controlling for differences in prices, income, and health.  We examine why physicians have such divergent views about the appropriateness and efficacy of medical treatments, and whether physicians’ treatment styles change over time.  Using a data set that contains the universe of deliveries in Florida over a 9-year period and consistent physician identifiers, we find that obstetricians have distinct and widely varying treatment styles.  The variation in risk-adjusted c-section rates across physicians within a region is five times greater than the variation between regions.  Surprisingly, residency programs explain only two percent of the variation between physicians in their risk-adjusted c-section rates.  Although treatment styles are quite stable over time, we find evidence that physicians change their treatment style according to how their peers are treating patients and, to a lesser extent, according to their patients’ health outcomes.