Shon R. Hiatt

Assistant Professor of Business Administration

Shon Hiatt is an assistant professor of business administration in the Organizational Behavior Unit. He teaches the Leadership and Organizational Behavior (LEAD) course in the MBA program required curriculum, and also teaches in the Agribusiness Seminar and Global Energy Seminar executive education programs. He is engaged in the HBS Business and Environment initiative and is a faculty affiliate of the Harvard University Center for the Environment.

Professor Hiatt’s research explores issues related to institutional change, innovation, and business strategy in a diverse set of economic contexts, ranging from the energy and agribusiness sectors to emerging economies. He received the Kauffman Foundation Entrepreneurship Dissertation Fellowship Award for his work on the U.S. biodiesel industry, was a finalist in the 2009 INFORMS/Organization Science Dissertation Proposal Competition, and was a Nominee for the Academy of Management's Louis Pondy Best Dissertation Paper Award. His research has been published in Best Paper Proceedings of the Academy of Management, Administrative Science Quarterly, and Strategic Management Journal.

Professor Hiatt received his Ph.D. from Cornell University. He graduated from Brigham Young University, where he also earned an MPA. Prior to his academic career, he was involved in international development, working with Latin American microfinance institutions and focusing on new-venture performance.

 

Journal Articles

  1. Lords of the Harvest: Third-party Influence and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms

    Little is known about the factors that influence regulatory-agency decision making. We posit that regulatory agencies are influenced by the firms they regulate, but not exclusively via dyadic exchanges as is traditionally argued in the regulatory capture and business-government literatures. Instead, regulatory decisions are indirectly shaped via third-party actors who shield agencies from legitimacy threats. Focusing empirically on the U.S. Department of Agriculture's approval of genetically modified organisms (GMOs), we find that product assessments by powerful stakeholders and peer agencies influence product approval and that their effects vary under different threats. We also discuss the implications of these findings for business-government relations, nonmarket strategy, and organization theory.

    Keywords: Strategy; Government and Politics; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Sangchan Park. "Lords of the Harvest: Third-party Influence and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms." Academy of Management Journal (forthcoming).
  2. Clear and Present Danger: Planning and New Venture Survival amid Political and Civil Violence

    Although entrepreneurs constitute a key economic driving force for many countries, they often face unstable environments due to violence and civil unrest. Yet, we know very little about how environments characterized by high levels of political and civil violence affect new venture processes and survival. Moreover, it is unclear whether standard theories about organizational strategy, such as planning, hold true in such environments. We explore these issues using a sample of 730 new ventures in Colombia from 1997 to 2001. We find that political and civil violence decreases firm survival, increases the benefits of incremental (operational) planning, and decreases the benefits of comprehensive (strategic) planning.

    Keywords: conflict; violence; political turmoil; civil unrest; Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Government and Politics; Balance and Stability; Crime and Corruption; Business Strategy; Planning; Colombia;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Clear and Present Danger: Planning and New Venture Survival amid Political and Civil Violence." Strategic Management Journal (forthcoming).
  3. Lords of the Harvest: Symbolic Signaling and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms

    Keywords: Science; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Sangchan Park. "Lords of the Harvest: Symbolic Signaling and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms." Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings (August 2010).
  4. From Pabst to Pepsi: The Deinstitutionalization of Social Practices and the Emergence of Entrepreneurial Opportunities

    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Opportunities; Society; Food and Beverage Industry;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., Wesley Sine, and Pamela Tolbert. "From Pabst to Pepsi: The Deinstitutionalization of Social Practices and the Emergence of Entrepreneurial Opportunities." Administrative Science Quarterly 54, no. 4 (December 2009): 635–667. (Winner of the 2008 Best Paper Award presented by Administrative Science Association of Canada.)
  5. Review of From the Ground Up: Grassroots Organizations Making Social Change by Carol Chetkovich and Frances Kunreuther

    Keywords: Information; Organizations; Society; Change;

    Citation:

    Sine, Wesley, and Shon R. Hiatt. "Review of From the Ground Up: Grassroots Organizations Making Social Change by Carol Chetkovich and Frances Kunreuther." Administrative Science Quarterly 52, no. 3 (2008): 578–582.
  6. Networking, Planning, and the Effect of Political Institutions on New-venture Survival

    Keywords: Planning; Government and Politics;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Networking, Planning, and the Effect of Political Institutions on New-venture Survival." Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings (2008).

Book Chapters

  1. The Shape of Things to Come: Institutions, Entrepreneurs, and the Case of Hedge Funds

    Foundational work on institutional theory as a framework for studying organizations underscored its relevance to analyses of entrepreneurship, but entrepreneurship research has often ignored the insights provided by this theoretic approach. In this chapter, we illustrate the utility of institutional theory as a central framework for explaining entrepreneurial phenomena by discussing three primary questions for entrepreneurship researchers: Under what conditions are individuals likely to found new organizations? What are key influences on the kinds of organizations they found? And what factors determine the likelihood of the survival of new organizations? We describe the kinds of answers that an institutional perspective provides to these questions, illustrate some of our arguments by drawing on a recent field of entrepreneurial endeavor, hedge funds, and discuss the implications of our analysis for further work by entrepreneurship researchers.

    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Organizations; Research; Theory; Financial Services Industry;

    Citation:

    Tolbert, Pamela, and Shon R. Hiatt. "The Shape of Things to Come: Institutions, Entrepreneurs, and the Case of Hedge Funds." In Institutions and Entrepreneurship. Vol. 21, edited by Wesley Sine, and Robert David, 157–182. Research in the Sociology of Work. Bingley, England: Emerald Group Publishing, 2010.
  2. American Soft Drink Industry

    Keywords: Food and Beverage Industry; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "American Soft Drink Industry." Foreword to Soft Drink Bottlers of the United States, by Dennis Fewless, and Christopher Weide. Jacksonville, FL: Platform 3 Research, 2009.
  3. On Organizations and Oligarchies: Michels in the 21st Century

    Keywords: Organizations; Government and Politics;

    Citation:

    Tolbert, Pamela, and Shon R. Hiatt. "On Organizations and Oligarchies: Michels in the 21st Century." In Sociological Classics and Organizational Research, edited by Paul S. Adler, 174–1999. London: Oxford University Press, 2008.

Working Papers

  1. Clear and Present Danger: Planning and New Venture Survival Amid Political and Civil Violence

    Although entrepreneurs constitute a key economic driving force for many emerging economies, they often face unstable environments due to the failure of governments to maintain civil and political order. Yet, we know very little about how environments characterized by weak institutions and high levels of political and civil violence directly affect new venture survival. Moreover, it is unclear whether standard theories about organizational strategy, such as planning, hold true in such environments. Building upon the institution-based view of strategy and past research on planning, we explore these issues using a sample of 730 new ventures in Colombia from 1997 to 2001. We find that political and civil violence decreases firm survival, increases the benefits of incremental planning, and decreases the benefits of comprehensive planning.

    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Business Startups; Developing Countries and Economies; Government and Politics; Crime and Corruption; Balance and Stability; Strategic Planning;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon, and Wesley Sine. "Clear and Present Danger: Planning and New Venture Survival Amid Political and Civil Violence." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12–086, March 2012.

Cases and Teaching Materials

  1. Congruence Model Note

    This note describes the Congruence Model, a method by which an organization can assess whether its building blocks (critical tasks, formal organizational arrangements, people, and culture) are aligned (congruent) with its strategy. The model postulates that misalignments are at the root of performance gaps within the organization.

    Keywords: Organizational Design; Organizational Structure; Business Processes; Alignment;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and James Weber. "Congruence Model Note." Harvard Business School Technical Note 413-037, October 2012. (Revised from original August 2012 version.)
  2. Paulo Puterman, Co-Founder of Sykue Bioenergya, In-class Comments (November 8, 2011)

    Keywords: Energy Industry;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon, and Ian Cornell. "Paulo Puterman, Co-Founder of Sykue Bioenergya, In-class Comments (November 8, 2011)." Harvard Business School Video Supplement 412-704, March 2012.
  3. Sykué Bioenergya (TN)

    Keywords: Energy Sources; Energy Industry; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Ian Cornell. "Sykué Bioenergya (TN)." Harvard Business School Teaching Note 412-106, October 2012. (Revised from original February 2012 version.)
  4. Sykué Bioenergya

    Sykué Bioenergya (Sykué) was formed in April 2006 with the goal of building four 30 megawatt (MW) bioelectricity power plants in Brazil's Bahia province, 1,500 kilometers north of Sao Paulo. Bahia's savannah-like conditions were perfect for growing elephant grass, a biomass with substantial energy-generating potential. In November 2010 the first plant was online and Power Purchasing Agreements (PPAs) had been signed for 27 MW of the 30 MW capacity. Despite this accomplishment, however, the four years between conception and implementation were littered with management setbacks, including lack of capital, an abundance of debt, and increased skepticism among prospective investors and clients about the potential of the project. This case is taught in the HBS executive education Global Agribusiness and Energy executive education seminars. The case is also appropriate for the organizational congruence module of the first-year MBA course Leadership and Organizational Behavior, and second-year MBA electives Innovation Management and Leading Energy Businesses.

    Keywords: Biotechnology Industry; Energy Industry; Brazil;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Sykué Bioenergya." Harvard Business School Case 412-062, October 2012. (Revised from original September 2011 version.)

Presentations

  1. Business and Environment: How Institutions Drive Technological Development in Sustainable Energy

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Business and Environment: How Institutions Drive Technological Development in Sustainable Energy." In Academy of Management Showcase Symposium. Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, August 2012.
  2. Collective Activism and Market Identity Change in the U.S. Biomass Sector

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Collective Activism and Market Identity Change in the U.S. Biomass Sector." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, August 2012.
  3. Influence of Non-confrontational SMO Tactics on Technology Adoption in the Energy Sector

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Influence of Non-confrontational SMO Tactics on Technology Adoption in the Energy Sector." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, August 2012.
  4. Constructing Institutional Ambiguity: Technology Definitions and Entrepreneurship in the U.S. Geothermal Power Sector

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Constructing Institutional Ambiguity: Technology Definitions and Entrepreneurship in the U.S. Geothermal Power Sector." Paper presented at the 4th Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability Annual Research Conference, New Haven, CT, May 16, 2012.
  5. Construction of Ambiguous Technology Definitions and Entrepreneurship in The U.S. Geothermal Power Sector

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Construction of Ambiguous Technology Definitions and Entrepreneurship in The U.S. Geothermal Power Sector." Paper presented at the Darden Entrepreneurship and Innovation Research Conference, May 5, 2012.
  6. From Farms to Fuel Tanks: Collective Actors and New-venture Innovation in the U.S. Biodiesel Sector

    Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Energy Industry; Green Technology Industry; Biotechnology Industry;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "From Farms to Fuel Tanks: Collective Actors and New-venture Innovation in the U.S. Biodiesel Sector." Paper presented at the ABC Organizing Institutions Conference, Cambridge, MA, September 2011.
  7. Institutional Heterogeneity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship in the U.S. Biodiesel Fuel Sector

    Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Entrepreneurship; Business Ventures; Energy Industry; Green Technology Industry; Biotechnology Industry;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Institutional Heterogeneity, Innovation, and Entrepreneurship in the U.S. Biodiesel Fuel Sector." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, August 2011.
  8. Innovation and Organizational Responses to Sustainability: An Institutional Perspective

    Keywords: Innovation and Invention; Organizations;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Innovation and Organizational Responses to Sustainability: An Institutional Perspective." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, August 2011. (Chaired and organized symposium.)
  9. Innovation and Regulative Ambiguities in the U.S. Geothermal Power Sector

    Keywords: Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Innovation and Invention; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Innovation and Regulative Ambiguities in the U.S. Geothermal Power Sector." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, August 2011.
  10. Military Ties, New Venture Performance, and Political Risk Management in Emerging Economies

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Military Ties, New Venture Performance, and Political Risk Management in Emerging Economies." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, San Antonio, TX, August 2011.
  11. Lords of the Harvest: Reputation Concerns and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms

    Keywords: Reputation; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Lords of the Harvest: Reputation Concerns and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms." Paper presented at the Alliance for Research on Corporate Sustainability Annual Research Conference, Philadelphia, PA, May 10, 2011.
  12. Lords of the Harvest: Reputation Concerns and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms

    Keywords: Reputation; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Lords of the Harvest: Reputation Concerns and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms." Paper presented at the Strategy and the Business Environment Conference, Philadelphia, PA, May 09, 2011.
  13. Lords of the Harvest: Reputation Concerns and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms

    Keywords: Reputation; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Lords of the Harvest: Reputation Concerns and Regulatory Approval of Genetically Modified Organisms." Paper presented at the MIT-Harvard Economic Sociology Seminar, April 15, 2011.
  14. Lords of the harvest: Symbolic signaling and regulatory approval of genetically modified organisms in the nascent U.S. agriculture-biotechnology sector

    Keywords: Science; Technology; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Agribusiness; Agriculture and Agribusiness Industry; Biotechnology Industry; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Sangchan Park. "Lords of the harvest: Symbolic signaling and regulatory approval of genetically modified organisms in the nascent U.S. agriculture-biotechnology sector." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Montreal, Canada, August 01, 2010.
  15. MBAs as revolutionary change agents

    Keywords: Higher Education; Change;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Warner Woodworth. "MBAs as revolutionary change agents." Paper presented at the Net Impact Conference, Ithaca, NY, November 13, 2009.
  16. The impact of institutional actors as attention structures on entrepreneurial activity in the U.S. biodiesel industry

    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Energy Industry; Biotechnology Industry; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "The impact of institutional actors as attention structures on entrepreneurial activity in the U.S. biodiesel industry." Paper presented at the INFORMS Annual Meeting, Issues in New Product Development Series, San Diego, CA, October 11, 2009.
  17. Classical sociologists confront our environmental issues

    Keywords: Natural Environment;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Pamela Tolbert. "Classical sociologists confront our environmental issues." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Chicago, August 07–11, 2009.
  18. Political and civil turmoil, planning, and new-venture survival in Colombia

    Keywords: Government and Politics; Civil Society or Community; Business Ventures; Planning; Colombia;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Political and civil turmoil, planning, and new-venture survival in Colombia." Paper presented at the Administrative Science Association of Canada Conference, Niagara Falls, June 06, 2009.
  19. The enabling and constraining effects of attention structures on entrepreneurial activity in the U.S. biodiesel industry

    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Energy Industry; Biotechnology Industry; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "The enabling and constraining effects of attention structures on entrepreneurial activity in the U.S. biodiesel industry." Paper presented at the Smith Entrepreneurship Research Conference, May 01, 2009.
  20. From Pabst to Pepsi: The deinstitutionalization of social practices and the emergence of entrepreneurial opportunities

    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Social Psychology;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., Wesley Sine, and Pamela Tolbert. "From Pabst to Pepsi: The deinstitutionalization of social practices and the emergence of entrepreneurial opportunities." Paper presented at the West Coast Research Symposium on Technology Entrepreneurship, September 05, 2008.
  21. Networking, planning, and the effect of political institutions on new venture survival

    Keywords: Government and Politics; Networks; Business Ventures; Planning;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Networking, planning, and the effect of political institutions on new venture survival." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, August 07, 2008.
  22. The deinstitutionalization of social practices and the emergence of entrepreneurial opportunities

    Keywords: Social Psychology; Entrepreneurship;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., Wesley Sine, and Pamela Tolbert. "The deinstitutionalization of social practices and the emergence of entrepreneurial opportunities." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Anaheim, CA, August 07, 2008.
  23. The effect of heterogeneous institutional actors on entrepreneurial activity and resource attainment in the U.S. biodiesel industry

    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Energy Industry; Biotechnology Industry; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "The effect of heterogeneous institutional actors on entrepreneurial activity and resource attainment in the U.S. biodiesel industry." Paper presented at the Cornell-McGill Conference on Institutions and Entrepreneurship, Montreal, Quebec, June 24, 2008.
  24. From Pabst to Pepsi: The deinstitutionalization of social practices and the emergence of entrepreneurial opportunities

    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Social Psychology;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., Wesley Sine, and Pamela Tolbert. "From Pabst to Pepsi: The deinstitutionalization of social practices and the emergence of entrepreneurial opportunities." Paper presented at the Cornell-McGill Conference on Institutions and Entrepreneurship, Montreal, Quebec, June 24, 2008.
  25. The Deinstitutionalization of Social Practices and the Emergence of Entrepreneurial Opportunities

    Keywords: Social Psychology; Entrepreneurship;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., Wesley Sine, and Pamela Tolbert. "The Deinstitutionalization of Social Practices and the Emergence of Entrepreneurial Opportunities." Paper presented at the Administrative Science Association of Canada Conference, Halifax, Nova Scotia, May 24, 2008.
  26. Entrepreneurial Processes, Political Institutions, and New-venture Survival

    Keywords: Entrepreneurship; Management Practices and Processes; Government and Politics; Business Ventures;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Entrepreneurial Processes, Political Institutions, and New-venture Survival." Paper presented at the Smith Entrepreneurship Research Conference, April 09, 2008.
  27. From Demon Rum to Dr. Pepper: Social Movements, Entrepreneurial Opportunity, and the Emergence of the American Soft Drink Industry

    Keywords: Business Ventures; Society; Entrepreneurship; Food and Beverage Industry; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "From Demon Rum to Dr. Pepper: Social Movements, Entrepreneurial Opportunity, and the Emergence of the American Soft Drink Industry." Paper presented at the INFORMS Annual Meeting, Issues in New Product Development Series, Seattle, WA, November 04–07, 2007.
  28. Clear and Present Danger: The Failure of Political Institutions and New-venture Survival

    Keywords: Government and Politics; Failure;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Clear and Present Danger: The Failure of Political Institutions and New-venture Survival." Paper presented at the Informal Economy, Underground Employment: Social and Economic Issues, Paris, France, September 17, 2007.
  29. Rising Insurgencies: The Failure of Political Institutions and New-venture survival

    Keywords: Government and Politics; Failure;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Rising Insurgencies: The Failure of Political Institutions and New-venture survival." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, PA, August 03–08, 2007.
  30. On Organizations and Oligarchies: Michels in the 21st Century

    Keywords: Organizations;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Pamela Tolbert. "On Organizations and Oligarchies: Michels in the 21st Century." Paper presented at the Sociology Classics and the Future of Organization Studies Conference, Philadelphia, PA, August 01, 2007.
  31. Clear and Present Danger: The Failure of Political Institutions, Planning, and New-venture Survival

    Keywords: Government and Politics; Failure; Planning;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Clear and Present Danger: The Failure of Political Institutions, Planning, and New-venture Survival." Paper presented at the Cornell-McGill Conference on Institutions and Entrepreneurship, Ithaca, NY, July 22, 2007.
  32. Soft, Stiff, and in between: Social Movements, Entrepreneurial Opportunity, and the Emergence of the American Soft Drink Industry

    Keywords: Society; Entrepreneurship; Food and Beverage Industry; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Soft, Stiff, and in between: Social Movements, Entrepreneurial Opportunity, and the Emergence of the American Soft Drink Industry." Paper presented at the Cornell-McGill Conference on Institutions and Entrepreneurship, Ithaca, NY, July 22, 2007.
  33. Clear and Present Danger: Political Turmoil and the Contingent Nature of Planning on Entrepreneurial Firm Survival in Colombia

    Keywords: Government and Politics; Planning; Entrepreneurship; Colombia;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Clear and Present Danger: Political Turmoil and the Contingent Nature of Planning on Entrepreneurial Firm Survival in Colombia." Paper presented at the Entrepreneurship in Emerging Markets Conference, Fort Worth, TX, January 26, 2007.
  34. Clear and Present Danger: Political Turmoil and the Contingent Nature of Planning on New Firm Survival in Colombia

    Keywords: Government and Politics; Planning; Colombia;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Clear and Present Danger: Political Turmoil and the Contingent Nature of Planning on New Firm Survival in Colombia." Paper presented at the Academy of Management Annual Meeting, Atlanta, GA, August 01, 2006.

Other Publications and Materials

  1. Environmental corporate strategy and advancements in enhanced oil recovery technology among U.S. firms

    This study seeks to address how collective actors can affect technology development and adoption among organizations by creating regulatory uncertainty. Empirically, this paper focuses on the influence of environmental organizations concerned about climate change on U.S. oil and gas companies' choice of enhanced oil recovery technologies from 1982 to 2010. Environmental organizations sought ways to make climate change a genuine national concern by attracting media attention and lobbying for federal regulation. The study explores how regulatory threats (unpassed congressional climate bills and amendments) increased the value of certain enhanced oil recovery technologies, leading some oil and gas companies to not only adopt them but also promote their technologies as solutions to environmental issues. Implications for firm nonmarket strategy are discussed.

    Keywords: Energy; Technology Adoption; Natural Environment; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Corporate Strategy; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Environmental corporate strategy and advancements in enhanced oil recovery technology among U.S. firms." 2012.
  2. Strategic responses to collective activism in the U.S. biomass sector

    Almost all companies face constraints and pressure from collective activists. Using tactics such as protests, boycotts, and lobbying, social movement organizations and collective actors can draw significant media attention to issues facing industries and organizations, thereby inflicting damage to organizations' public image and negatively impacting their performance. However, previous research is unclear about how firms can successfully respond to such tactics. Instead of acquiescing, fighting, or ignoring the tactics of collective activists, firms in such sectors can adopt counterframing techniques to alter their market identity to one that is aligned with the values and ideologies of the activists, and thereby become potential solutions to the proselytized problems. Empirically, I examine how organizations in the United States wood-pellet biomass sector, facing pressure from environmental activists, engaged in counterframing tactics to alter their market identity from a forest products industry to a sustainable, renewable energy sector—an image in harmony with the mission and ideals of many of the environmental movement actors who opposed organizations using forest products. Specifically, this paper explores the effect of such framing on the inclusion of the biomass sector in state incentive laws, the moderating impact of collective activists and political structures on such regulation, and the subsequent mediating impact of these regulatory changes on biomass sector growth.

    Keywords: Environmental Sustainability; Business and Community Relations; Social and Collaborative Networks; Governing Rules, Regulations, and Reforms; Identity; Forest Products Industry; United States;

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Strategic responses to collective activism in the U.S. biomass sector." 2012.
  3. Military Ties, New Ventures, and Political Risk Management in Emerging Economies

    New ventures in emerging economies face a number of challenges such as political instability, corruption, and uncertain property rights that can severely hinder their ability to grow and survive, yet little is known about how startups can mitigate such risk. Using data on firms in Latin America over a 65-year time period, we explore how new ventures can gain advantages by establishing ties to what is typically the most powerful, coercive institution in a nation state—the military. We find that an affiliation with elite military actors (i.e. generals on boards of directors) increases a new venture's survival and lowers the probability new ventures will face adverse government actions such as expropriation. This research also demonstrates that the positive effects of military ties on new-venture performance increase in contexts characterized by greater political instability, market competition, and foreign ownership.

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R., and Wesley Sine. "Military Ties, New Ventures, and Political Risk Management in Emerging Economies." 2011.
  4. From Farms to Fuel Tanks: Collective Actors and New-Venture Innovation in the U.S. Biodiesel Fuel Sector

    Little is known about the influence of collective actors on innovative technological recombinations by new ventures. Using data from U.S. biodiesel producers, I examine how the efforts of multiple collective actors (farm associations) to promote varying types of technologies fostered new-venture innovation by bridging domains. Different farm associations transmitted various fuel-production technologies from the agricultural and academic domains to business arenas where entrepreneurs could evaluate and recombine them. A greater variety of collective actors in a given state resulted in higher founding rates for new ventures with recombinatorial technologies. The effect of multiple collective actors on new-venture innovation was also moderated by venture size, media coverage of collective-actor mobilization, the presence of knowledgeable university actors who could assist in firms' recombinatorial processes, and opposition to such technologies from environmental-movement organizations.

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "From Farms to Fuel Tanks: Collective Actors and New-Venture Innovation in the U.S. Biodiesel Fuel Sector." 2011.
  5. Innovation and Regulative Ambiguities in the U.S. Geothermal Power Sector

    While prior institutional research has focused on institutional ambiguity as an exogenous condition under which organizations exercise agency, this study examines the state's exercise of agency in making legal institutions more or less ambiguous and its impact on entrepreneurship. Our central thesis is that technical and political uncertainty can explain variation in legal ambiguity. Empirically focusing on legal definitions of new technologies in the U.S. geothermal power sector as a context, we find that state policymakers' prior exposure to a variety of new technologies led to unambiguous definitions, while greater resource competition and incumbents opposing geothermal technology fostered ambiguous definitions. In turn, greater legal ambiguity negatively impacted geothermal power facility foundings and adoption of advanced geothermal technologies. Implications of these findings for technology entrepreneurship, public policy, and managerial practice are also discussed.

    Citation:

    Hiatt, Shon R. "Innovation and Regulative Ambiguities in the U.S. Geothermal Power Sector." 2011.