Working Paper | HBS Working Paper Series | 2011

Income Inequality and Social Preferences for Redistribution and Compensation Differentials

by William R. Kerr

Abstract

In cross-sectional studies, countries with greater income inequality typically exhibit less support for government-led redistribution and greater acceptance of wage inequality (e.g., United States versus Western Europe). If individual nations evolve along this pattern, a vicious cycle could form with reduced social concern amplifying primal increases in inequality due to forces like skill-biased technical change. Exploring movements around these long-term levels, however, this study finds mixed evidence regarding the vicious cycle hypothesis. On one hand, larger compensation differentials are accepted as inequality grows. This growth in differentials is of a smaller magnitude than the actual increase in inequality, but it is nonetheless positive and substantial in size. Weighing against this, growth in inequality is met with greater support for government-led redistribution to the poor. These patterns suggest that short-run inequality shocks can be reinforced in the labor market but do not result in weaker political preferences for redistribution.

Keywords: Government and Politics; Equality and Inequality; Compensation and Benefits; Poverty; Country; Social Issues; Income Characteristics; Wages; Competency and Skills; System Shocks; Size; Europe; United States;

Citation:

Kerr, William R. "Income Inequality and Social Preferences for Redistribution and Compensation Differentials." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 12–048, December 2011.