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| Autumn 2004 | Volume 78 | Issue 3 |
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| Article
Abstracts
"Planting a Seed: The Nineteenth-Century Horticultural Boom in America"
Between 1850 and 1880, enthusiasm for horticulture swept the nation, particularly the Upper Midwest. Nursery owners and seed traders welcomed the escalating demand for trees and flowers but soon faced consumer complaints about their questionable business practices. Customer dissatisfaction had many sources, ranging from unethical entrepreneurs to faltering industry infrastructure and underhanded dealing. The nurserymen and seed dealers worked diligently to overcome these criticisms, sharing information to improve industry methods and attempting to deflect responsibility for fraudulent practice onto disreputable competitors or inexperienced customers. The conflicts between commercial horticulturists and their broadening customer base reflected tensions within America's rapidly expanding consumer culture and suggested that traditional restraints on industry practice based on personal ties and shared values would no longer suffice when dealing with a newly diversified and seemingly intractable clientele. (Pages 381-421) "Counterpoint to Reform: Gilbert H. Montague and the Business of Regulation "
During a career that stretched from the Progressive Era through the 1950s, Gilbert H. Montague served businesses as a lawyer and lobbyist, managing relations between companies and the government. In this capacity he had a significant impact on the evolution of regulation, particularly antitrust law. Just as important, his career provides valuable insight into the activities and attitudes of the class made up of corporate lawyers and lobbyists, which constituted an important part of the system of regulated capitalism that emerged in the United States during the first half of the twentieth century. (Pages 423-450) "The Philadelphia Stock Exchange: Adapting to Survive in Changing Markets"
This article analyzes the evolution of the Philadelphia Stock Exchange (PHLX), America's oldest stock exchange, from 1950 through 2000. PHLX was able to compete against the much larger New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) because it exploited loopholes created by fixed minimum trading commissions prior to 1975. After the liberalization of commissions, the PHLX competed against the NYSE by offering automated executions that met the needs of discount brokers. It also moved early to trade equity options and developed the first exchange-based market for foreign currency options. (Pages 451-487) |
Book
Reviews
*Adobe Acrobat Reader is required to view the book reviews. If you cannot open the files, download Adobe Acrobat here for free! Carnegie. By Peter Krass. Reviewed by Kenneth Warren. The Devil's Playground: A Century of Pleasure and Profit in Times Square. By James Traub. Reviewed by Robert W. Snyder. The Roots of American Industrialization. By David R. Meyer. Reviewed by A. Glenn Crothers. Manufacturing Revolution: The Intellectual Origins of Early American Industry. By Lawrence A. Peskin. Reviewed by Gary J. Kornblith. Capitalism, Politics, and Railroads in Jacksonian New England. By Michael J. Connolly. Reviewed by Vagel C. Keller Jr. Ready-Made Democracy: A History of Men's Dress in the American Republic, 1760-1860. By Michael Zakim. Reviewed by Wendy Gamber. Inventing the Cotton Gin: Machine and Myth in Antebellum America. By Angela Lakwete. Reviewed by John Majewski. A Troublesome Commerce: The Transformation of the Interstate Slave Trade. By Robert H. Gudmestad. Reviewed by David Hickman. "Origins of the New South" Fifty Years Later: The Continuing Influence of a Historical Classic. Edited by John B. Boles and Bethany L. Johnson. Reviewed by Bess Beatty. Broken Trusts: The Texas Attorney General versus the Oil Industry, 1889-1909. By Jonathan W. Singer. Reviewed by Hugh Gorman. Profiting from the Plains: The Great Northern Railway and Corporate Development of the American West. By Claire Strom. Reviewed by Ryan J. Carey. The New York, Susquehanna & Western Railroad. By Robert E. Mohowski. Reviewed by Don L. Hofsommer. The Word in the World: Evangelical Writing, Publishing, and Reading in America, 1789-1880. By Candy Gunther Brown. Reviewed by Peter J. Wosh. The Watson Dynasty: The Fiery Reign and Troubled Legacy of IBM's Founding Father and Son. By Richard S. Tedlow. Reviewed by H. W. Brands. Eating Smoke: Fire in Urban America, 1800-1950. By Mark Tebeau. Reviewed by Carl Smith. Devastation and Renewal: An Environmental History of Pittsburgh and Its Region. Edited by Joel A. Tarr. Reviewed by Frank Uekoetter. Accidental Republic: Crippled Workingmen, Destitute Widows, and the Remaking of American Law. By John Fabian Witt. Reviewed by Jennifer Klein. Robert Ball and the Politics of Social Security. By Edward D. Berkowitz. Reviewed by David Stebenne. The Electric Vehicle: Technology and Expectations in the Automobile Age. By Gijs Mom. Reviewed by Michael Brian Schiffer. Shooting Cowboys and Indians: Silent Western Films, American Culture, and the Birth of Hollywood. By Andrew Brodie Smith. Reviewed by Eric Schaefer. Industrial Strength Design: How Brooks Stevens Shaped Your World. Edited by Glenn Adamson. Reviewed by Carolyn Thomas de la Peña. The Organizational Complex: Architecture, Media, and Corporate Space. By Reinhold Martin. Reviewed by Richard Longstreth. Rising Tide: Lessons from 165 Years of Brand Building at Procter and Gamble. By Davis Dyer, Frederick Dalzell, and Rowena Olegario. Reviewed by Peter Miskell. Birth of a Salesman: The Transformation of Selling in America. By Walter A. Friedman. Reviewed by Daniel Pope. Digitizing the News: Innovation in Online Newspapers. By Pablo J. Boczkowski. Reviewed by Alex Nalbach. The Digital Hand: How Computers Changed the Work of American Manufacturing, Transportation, and Retail Industries. By James W. Cortada. Reviewed by Martin Campbell-Kelly. The European Cable Companies in South America before the First World War. By Jorma Ahvenainen. Reviewed by René De La Pedraja. Customs and Excise: Trade, Production, and Consumption in England, 1640-1845. By William J. Ashworth. Reviewed by Michael J. Braddick. The Chimney of the World: A History of Smoke Pollution in Victorian and Edwardian Manchester. By Stephen Mosley. Reviewed by Matthew Osborn. Geiz und Gerechtigkeit: Ökonomisches Denken im frühen Mittelalter [Avarice and Justice: Economic Thought in the Early Middle Ages]. By Bettina Emmerich. Reviewed by Charlotte Masemann. The Field and the Forge: Population, Production, and Power in the Pre-industrial West. By John Landers. Reviewed by David Nicholas. The Michelin Men: Driving an Empire. By Herbert R. Lottman. Reviewed by Stephen L. Harp. The Politics of Social Risk: Business and Welfare State Development. By Isabella Mares. Reviewed by Jan-Otmar Hesse. Chemie und Politik: Die Geschichte der Chemischen Werke Hüls, 1938-1979 [Chemistry and Politics: The History of Hüls Chemical Works, 1938-1979]. By Bernhard Lorentz. Reviewed by Jeffrey Lewis. A Social History of Soviet Trade: Trade Policy, Retail Practices, and Consumption, 1917-1953. By Julie Hessler. Reviewed by Thomas C. Owen. From Cotton Mill to Business Enterprise: The Emergence of Regional Enterprises in Modern China. By Elizabeth Köll. Reviewed by Madeleine Zelin. |